- Substitution of the Dimethylamino Group in Gramines and One-Pot Cyclization to Tetrahydro-β-carbolines Using a Triazine-Based Activating Agent
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A new method for the substitution of 3-[(dimethylamino)methyl]indoles (gramines) with malonate-based nucleophiles was developed using 2-chloro-4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazine (CDMT) as the activating agent for the dimethylamino group. The reaction was completed in 1.5-6 h at room temperature in the presence of a tert-amine base and lithium salt. CDMT afforded superior results to methyl iodide, a common activating agent for the dimethylamino group in Mannich bases, particularly in the reactions of 1-substituted gramines. The reactivity of the possible intermediates, bis(indol-3-ylmethyl)dimethylammonium salts, was examined to obtain mechanistic insights on the reaction. This substitution method with CDMT enabled the sequential transformation of gramines: substitution with (N-alkylidene)aminomalonates followed by the Pictet-Spengler reaction under acidic conditions afforded 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-β-carboline derivatives in one pot.
- Fujita, Hikaru,Nishikawa, Riho,Sasamoto, Ozora,Kitamura, Masanori,Kunishima, Munetaka
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p. 8380 - 8391
(2019/07/08)
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- Structure-based de novo design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of the indole-based PPARγ ligands (I)
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MCSS and LeapFrog, two de novo drug design programs, were used for the novel indole-based PPARγ ligands' study. The designed compounds were synthesized and tested for the PPARγ protein binding activities in vitro. Out of the compounds that were synthesize
- Dong, Xiaochun,Zhang, Zhenshan,Wen, Ren,Shen, Jianhua,Shen, Xu,Jiang, Hualiang
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p. 5913 - 5916
(2007/10/03)
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