- Method for realizing oxidative dehydrogenation of nitrogen-containing heterocyclic ring by using biomass-based carbon material
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The invention provides a method for realizing oxidative dehydrogenation of a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic ring by using a biomass-based carbon material, and belongs to the field of organic synthesis. According to the method, the raw materials of the biomass-based carbon material comprise wheat, sorghum, rice, corn straw, wheat straw, peanut shells, sesame shells, bean shells and the like, and are crushed and then ground into powder, the powder is fully mixed with an inorganic alkali, and calcination is performed in an inert gas atmosphere to prepare the biomass-based carbon material; and by using air as an oxygen source, at a temperature of 50-120 DEG C, oxidative dehydrogenation of nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds to synthesize quinoline compounds, isoquinoline compounds, acridine compounds, quinazoline compounds, indole compounds, imine compounds, and even quinoline compounds with pharmaceutical activity can be achieved. According to the present invention, easily available wheat flour is adopted as a raw material to prepare a non-metal catalyst, the alkali is not added during the reaction process, and a remarkable industrial application prospect is achieved.
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Paragraph 0010-0011; 0024-0025
(2021/06/26)
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- Highly chemoselective deoxygenation of N-heterocyclic: N -oxides under transition metal-free conditions
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Because their site-selective C-H functionalizations are now considered one of the most useful tools for synthesizing various N-heterocyclic compounds, the highly chemoselective deoxygenation of densely functionalized N-heterocyclic N-oxides has received much attention from the synthetic chemistry community. Here, we provide a protocol for the highly chemoselective deoxygenation of various functionalized N-oxides under visible light-mediated photoredox conditions with Na2-eosin Y as an organophotocatalyst. Mechanistic studies imply that the excited state of the organophotocatalyst is reductively quenched by Hantzsch esters. This operationally simple technique tolerates a wide range of functional groups and allows high-yield, multigram-scale deoxygenation. This journal is
- Kim, Se Hyun,An, Ju Hyeon,Lee, Jun Hee
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supporting information
p. 3735 - 3742
(2021/05/04)
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- Metal-Free Deoxygenation of Amine N-Oxides: Synthetic and Mechanistic Studies
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We report herein an unprecedented combination of light and P(III)/P(V) redox cycling for the efficient deoxygenation of aromatic amine N-oxides. Moreover, we discovered that a large variety of aliphatic amine N-oxides can easily be deoxygenated by using only phenylsilane. These practically simple approaches proceed well under metal-free conditions, tolerate many functionalities and are highly chemoselective. Combined experimental and computational studies enabled a deep understanding of factors controlling the reactivity of both aromatic and aliphatic amine N-oxides.
- Lecroq, William,Schleinitz, Jules,Billoue, Mallaury,Perfetto, Anna,Gaumont, Annie-Claude,Lalevée, Jacques,Ciofini, Ilaria,Grimaud, Laurence,Lakhdar, Sami
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p. 1237 - 1242
(2021/06/01)
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- Metal–Organic Layers Hierarchically Integrate Three Synergistic Active Sites for Tandem Catalysis
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We report the design of a bifunctional metal–organic layer (MOL), Hf12-Ru-Co, composed of [Ru(DBB)(bpy)2]2+ [DBB-Ru, DBB=4,4′-di(4-benzoato)-2,2′-bipyridine; bpy=2,2′-bipyridine] connecting ligand as a photosensitizer and Co(dmgH)2(PPA)Cl (PPA-Co, dmgH=dimethylglyoxime; PPA=4-pyridinepropionic acid) on the Hf12 secondary building unit (SBU) as a hydrogen-transfer catalyst. Hf12-Ru-Co efficiently catalyzed acceptorless dehydrogenation of indolines and tetrahydroquinolines to afford indoles and quinolones. We extended this strategy to prepare Hf12-Ru-Co-OTf MOL with a [Ru(DBB)(bpy)2]2+ photosensitizer and Hf12 SBU capped with triflate as strong Lewis acids and PPA-Co as a hydrogen transfer catalyst. With three synergistic active sites, Hf12-Ru-Co-OTf competently catalyzed dehydrogenative tandem transformations of indolines with alkenes or aldehydes to afford 3-alkylindoles and bisindolylmethanes with turnover numbers of up to 500 and 460, respectively, illustrating the potential use of MOLs in constructing novel multifunctional heterogeneous catalysts.
- Quan, Yangjian,Lan, Guangxu,Shi, Wenjie,Xu, Ziwan,Fan, Yingjie,You, Eric,Jiang, Xiaomin,Wang, Cheng,Lin, Wenbin
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supporting information
p. 3115 - 3120
(2020/12/09)
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- Iron(II)-Catalyzed Aerobic Biomimetic Oxidation of N-Heterocycles
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Herein, an iron(II)-catalyzed biomimetic oxidation of N-heterocycles under aerobic conditions is described. The dehydrogenation process, involving several electron-transfer steps, is inspired by oxidations occurring in the respiratory chain. An environmentally friendly and inexpensive iron catalyst together with a hydroquinone/cobalt Schiff base hybrid catalyst as electron-transfer mediator were used for the substrate-selective dehydrogenation reaction of various N-heterocycles. The method shows a broad substrate scope and delivers important heterocycles in good-to-excellent yields.
- Manna, Srimanta,Kong, Wei-Jun,B?ckvall, Jan-E.
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supporting information
p. 13725 - 13729
(2021/09/08)
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- Covalent Organic Frameworks toward Diverse Photocatalytic Aerobic Oxidations
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Photoactive two-dimensional covalent organic frameworks (2D-COFs) have become promising heterogenous photocatalysts in visible-light-driven organic transformations. Herein, a visible-light-driven selective aerobic oxidation of various small organic molecules by using 2D-COFs as the photocatalyst was developed. In this protocol, due to the remarkable photocatalytic capability of hydrazone-based 2D-COF-1 on molecular oxygen activation, a wide range of amides, quinolones, heterocyclic compounds, and sulfoxides were obtained with high efficiency and excellent functional group tolerance under very mild reaction conditions. Furthermore, benefiting from the inherent advantage of heterogenous photocatalysis, prominent sustainability and easy photocatalyst recyclability, a drug molecule (modafinil) and an oxidized mustard gas simulant (2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfoxide) were selectively and easily obtained in scale-up reactions. Mechanistic investigations were conducted using radical quenching experiments and in situ ESR spectroscopy, all corroborating the proposed role of 2D-COF-1 in photocatalytic cycle.
- Liu, Shuyang,Tian, Miao,Bu, Xiubin,Tian, Hua,Yang, Xiaobo
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supporting information
p. 7738 - 7744
(2021/05/07)
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- Geometric and electronic effects on the performance of a bifunctional Ru2P catalyst in the hydrogenation and acceptorless dehydrogenation of N-heteroarenes
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The development of bifunctional catalysts for the efficient hydrogenation and acceptorless dehydrogenation of N-heterocycles is a challenge. In this study, Ru2P/AC effectively promoted reversible transformations between unsaturated and saturated N-heterocycles affording yields of 98% and 99%, respectively. Moreover, a remarkable enhancement in the reusability of Ru2P/AC was observed compared with other Ru-based catalysts. According to density functional theory calculations, the superior performance of Ru2P/AC was ascribed to specific synergistic factors, namely geometric and electronic effects induced by P. P greatly reduced the large Ru-Ru ensembles and finely modified the electronic structures, leading to a low reaction barrier and high desorption ability of the catalyst, further boosting the hydrogenation and acceptorless dehydrogenation processes.
- Shao, Fangjun,Yao, Zihao,Gao, Yijing,Zhou, Qiang,Bao, Zhikang,Zhuang, Guilin,Zhong, Xing,Wu, Chuan,Wei, Zhongzhe,Wang, Jianguo
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p. 1185 - 1194
(2021/02/16)
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- Superacid-promoted synthesis of quinoline derivatives
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A series of vinylogous imines have been prepared from anilines and cinnamaldehydes. These substrates react in superacidic media to provide quinolines and related compounds. A mechanism for the conversion is proposed which involves the cyclization of dicationic superelectrophilic intermediates. Aromatization of the quinoline ring is thought to occur by superacid-promoted elimination of benzene.
- Klumpp, Douglas A.,Stentzel, Michael R.,Vuong, Hein
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supporting information
(2020/01/24)
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- Rh/TiO2-Photocatalyzed Acceptorless Dehydrogenation of N-Heterocycles upon Visible-Light Illumination
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TiO2 is an effective and extensively employed photocatalyst, but its practical use in visible-light-mediated organic synthesis is mainly hindered by its wide band gap energy. Herein, we have discovered that Rh-photodeposited TiO2 nanoparticles selectively dehydrogenate N-heterocyclic amines with the concomitant generation of molecular hydrogen gas in an inert atmosphere under visible light (λmax = 453 nm) illumination at room temperature. Initially, a visible-light-sensitive surface complex is formed between the N-heterocycle and TiO2. The acceptorless dehydrogenation of N-heterocycles is initiated by direct electron transfer from the HOMO energy level of the amine via the conduction band of TiO2 to the Rh nanoparticle. The reaction condition was optimized by examining different photodeposited noble metals on the surface of TiO2 and solvents, finding that Rh0 is the most efficient cocatalyst, and 2-propanol is the optimal solvent. Structurally diverse N-heterocycles such as tetrahydroquinolines, tetrahydroisoquinolines, indolines, and others bearing electron-deficient as well as electron-rich substituents underwent the dehydrogenation in good to excellent yields. The amount of released hydrogen gas evinces that only the N-heterocyclic amines are oxidized rather than the dispersant. This developed method demonstrates how UV-active TiO2 can be employed in visible-light-induced synthetic dehydrogenation of amines and simultaneous hydrogen storage applications.
- Bahnemann, Detlef W.,Balayeva, Narmina O.,Dillert, Ralf,Mamiyev, Zamin,Zheng, Nan
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p. 5542 - 5553
(2020/08/25)
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- Visible-Light-Promoted Efficient Aerobic Dehydrogenation of N-Heterocycles by a Tiny Organic Semiconductor Under Ambient Conditions
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An efficient reusable catalytic system has been developed based on perylene diimide (PDI) organic semiconductor for the aerobic dehydrogenation of N-heterocycles with visible light. This practical catalytic system without any additives proceeds under ambient conditions. The minute aggregates of PDI molecules on the surface of SiO2 nanospheres form tiny organic semiconductors, resulting in high-efficiency photo-oxidative activity. Notably, the robustness of this method is demonstrated by the synthesis of a wide range of N-heteroarenes, gram-scale experiments as well as reusability tests.
- Su, Chenliang,Yu, Kunyi,Zhang, Hanjie,Zhu, Yongfa
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supporting information
p. 1956 - 1960
(2020/04/10)
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- Catalytic Aerobic Dehydrogenatin of N-Heterocycles by N-Hydoxyphthalimide
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Catalytic methods for the aerobic dehydrogenation of N-heterocycles are reported. In most cases, indoles are accessed efficiently from indolines using catalytic N-hydroxyphthalimide (NHPI) as the sole additive under air. Further studies revealed an improved catalytic system of NHPI and copper for the preparation of other heteroaromatics, for example quinolines. (Figure presented.).
- Chen, Weidong,Tang, Hao,Wang, Weilin,Fu, Qiang,Luo, Junfei
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supporting information
p. 3905 - 3911
(2020/08/10)
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- Method for preparation of quinoline compounds
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The invention discloses a green preparation method of quinoline compounds. According to the method, cheap and easily available copper salt and N-hydroxyphthalimide are used as catalysts, oxygen is used as an oxidizing agent, oxidation of tetrahydroquinoline compounds is performed in an organic solvent, and synthesis of quinoline compounds is realized. The method has the advantages of simple reaction operation, low reaction cost, high yield, low metal pollution and the like.
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Paragraph 0061-0063
(2020/11/12)
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- Visible-Light-Mediated Photocatalytic Aerobic Dehydrogenation of N-heterocycles by Surface-Grafted TiO2 and 4-amino-TEMPO
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Herein, the visible-light-induced dehydrogenation of N-heterocycles such as tetrahydroquinolines, tetrahydroisoquinolines, and indolines in O2-containing suspensions of a commercially available titanium dioxide photocatalyst yielding the corresponding heteroarenes is presented. 4-Amino-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpipiridinyloxyl (4-amino-TEMPO) was found to exhibit a beneficial role, as it increased the yield and improved the selectivity of the dehydrogenation reaction. Both the selectivity and the yield are further enhanced by grafting 0.1 wt % of Ni(II) ions onto the TiO2 surface. It is proposed that the basic reactant adsorbs at Lewis acid sites present at the TiO2 surface. The dehydrogenation reaction is initiated by visible-light excitation of the resulting surface complex and a subsequent single-electron transfer from the excited N-heterocycle via the conduction band of TiO2 to O2. Ni(II) ions possibly serve as an electron transfer bridge between the conduction band of TiO2 and O2, while the TEMPO derivative is assumed to act as a selective redox mediator involved in reactions of the generated reactive oxygen species.
- Balayeva, Narmina O.,Zheng, Nan,Dillert, Ralf,Bahnemann, Detlef W.
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p. 10694 - 10704
(2019/11/14)
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- Nitrogen-coordinated cobalt nanocrystals for oxidative dehydrogenation and hydrogenation of N-heterocycles
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To endow non-noble metals with the high catalytic activity that is typically exhibited by noble metals is the central yet challenging aim for substituting noble metals. In this regard, by exploiting the coordination effect of nitrogen, we prepared cobalt nanocrystals stabilized by nitrogen-doped graphitized carbon (Co NCs/N-C). The obtained Co NC/N-C catalyst showed extraordinary performances toward both oxidative dehydrogenation of N-heterocycles and its reverse hydrogenation process under extremely mild conditions. A nearly quantitative conversion could be achieved for oxidative dehydrogenation even at room temperature (25 °C), for which the coordination effect of nitrogen is responsible: the interaction of Co-N induces a partial positive charge on the Co surface, thereby promoting the reaction. In contrast, cobalt nanocrystals supported by pristine carbon (Co NCs/C) proved to be inactive for oxidative dehydrogenation, owing to the lack of nitrogen. Moreover, in Co NCs/N-C, the N-doped graphitized carbon formed a protective layer for Co NCs, which preserved the active valence of Co species and prevented the catalyst from leaching. It was found that the catalyst still retained its excellent catalytic activity after five regeneration cycles; in comparison, its cobaltous oxide counterpart (CoOx/N-C) was barely active. As for the mechanism, electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) analysis revealed the formation of superoxide anion radicals during the dehydrogenation process. Interestingly, the pressure of feed hydrogen had little effect on the hydrogenation process. Our Co NC/N-C catalyst is capable of activating molecular oxygen and hydrogen as effectively as noble metals; the coordination effect of nitrogen and the protection by the carbon layer in combination confer tremendous potential on the Co NCs/N-C for substituting noble-metal-based catalysts and soluble catalysts for homogeneous reactions.
- Wu, Yue,Chen, Zheng,Cheong, Weng-Chon,Zhang, Chao,Zheng, Lirong,Yan, Wensheng,Yu, Rong,Chen, Chen,Li, Yadong
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p. 5345 - 5352
(2019/05/29)
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- High efficiency microwave-assisted synthesis of quinoline from acrolein diethyl acetal and aniline utilizing Ni/Beta catalyst
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A facile and solvent-free microwave-assisted approach to quinoline was developed by utilizing both acrolein diethyl acetal and aniline as reagents, firstly employing Ni/Beta zeolite as mild, ecofriendly and low-cost solid catalyst. As high as 83% yield of quinoline was quickly achieved at a short microwave time. The results indicated that the effect of Ni on Beta zeolite not only significantly promoted conversion of acrolein diethyl acetal to effective intermediate but also dramatically accelerated dehydrogenation rate of tetrahydroquinoline/dihydroquinoline to quinoline.
- Li, An,Yang, Zan,Yang, Tao,Luo, Cai-Wu,Chao, Zi-Sheng,Zhou, Cong-Shan
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- Visible-Light Photocatalyzed Deoxygenation of N-Heterocyclic N-Oxides
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A scalable and operationally simple method is described that allows for the chemoselective deoxygenation of a wide range of N-heterocyclic N-oxides (a total of 36 examples). This visible-light-induced protocol features the use of only commercially available reagents, room-temperature conditions, and unprecedented chemoselective removal of the oxygen atom in a quinoline N-oxide in the presence of a pyridine N-oxide in the same molecule through the judicious selection of a photocatalyst.
- Kim, Kyu Dong,Lee, Jun Hee
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supporting information
p. 7712 - 7716
(2019/01/03)
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- Actinide-Based Porphyrinic MOF as a Dehydrogenation Catalyst
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Uranyl–organic frameworks (UOFs) have recently been the object of many research endeavors due to the unique coordination mode of uranyl ions and their attractive physicochemical properties. Here, a new (3,4)-connected UOF (U-IHEP-4) assembled from uranyl and porphyrin ligand tetrakis(4-carboxyphenyl)porphyrin (H4TCPP) is reported, which represents the first case of actinide porphyrinic MOFs. Adsorption experiments in DMF solution demonstrated that U-IHEP-4 selectively adsorbs positively charged dyes, which is in line with its negatively charged framework and large pore volume ratio (90 %). Remarkably, U-IHEP-4 exhibited high catalytic activity for the dehydrogenation of N-heterocycles to synthesize the corresponding aromatic heterocycles and it can be used as an efficient heterogeneous catalyst.
- Hu, Kong-Qiu,Huang, Zhi-Wei,Zhang, Zhi-Hui,Mei, Lei,Qian, Bing-Bing,Yu, Ji-Pan,Chai, Zhi-Fang,Shi, Wei-Qun
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supporting information
p. 16766 - 16769
(2018/10/31)
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- Aerobic oxidative dehydrogenation of N-heterocycles catalyzed by cobalt porphyrin
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An efficient catalytic procedure has been developed for the aerobic oxidative dehydrogenation of N-heterocycles by cobalt porphyrin in the absence of any additives. The catalytic system could tolerate various 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline derivatives and some other N-heterocycles. The corresponding N-heteroaromatics could be obtained in 59–86% yields. The mechanism investigation suggested that the aerobic oxidative dehydrogenation might proceed with imine intermediate through radical paths.
- Zhou, Weiyou,Chen, Dongwei,Sun, Fu'an,Qian, Junfeng,He, Mingyang,Chen, Qun
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supporting information
p. 949 - 953
(2018/02/09)
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- Vanadium-Catalyzed Dehydrogenation of N-Heterocycles in Water
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In this paper, the dehydrogenation of tetrahydroquinolines using oxovanadium(V) catalysts under mild conditions in water and oxygen atmosphere is described. This catalytic technology was successfully applied to a range of other structurally related N-heterocycles, and a reaction mechanism is proposed.
- Zumbr?gel, Nadine,Sako, Makoto,Takizawa, Shinobu,Sasai, Hiroaki,Gr?ger, Harald
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supporting information
p. 4723 - 4727
(2018/08/23)
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- Reversible Dehydrogenation and Hydrogenation of N-Heterocycles Catalyzed by Bimetallic Nanoparticles Encapsulated in MIL-100(Fe)
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Pd?Ni bimetallic nanoparticles (BMNPs) encapsulated in MIL-100(Fe) (Pd-Ni@MIL-100(Fe) was fabricated and employed as an efficient catalyst for the reversible dehydrogenation/hydrogenation of N-Heterocycles derivatives in water under mild conditions. Excellent catalytic performance for both reactions endows Pd-Ni@MIL-100(Fe) great potential value in organic chemistry. Alloying Pd with Ni can enhance the catalytic performance due to the bimetallic synergy. Both Lewis acidity and ordered mesoporous structure of MIL-100(Fe) are beneficial to the performance of the catalyst owing to its stabilization of BMNPs, reduction of the electron density of Pd atoms and enhancement of substrates adsorption capacity.
- Zhang, Jia-Wei,Li, Dan-Dan,Lu, Guo-Ping,Deng, Tao,Cai, Chun
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p. 4980 - 4986
(2018/10/15)
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- Method for compounding quinoline compound in manner of oxidative dehydrogenation of tetrahydroquinoline compound through visible light catalysis
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The invention discloses a method for compounding a quinoline compound in the manner of oxidative dehydrogenation of a tetrahydroquinoline compound through visible light catalysis. The method comprises the following steps: utilizing oxygen to replace peroxide as an oxidizing agent; taking polysubstituted BODIPY organic compound as a photocatalyst; catalyzing the oxidative dehydrogenation of 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline compound and compounding the quinoline compound. Compared with the present compounding method, the method has the advantages of mild reaction condition, metal-free photocatalyst used in the reaction, less dosage of the catalyst, high catalytic efficiency, stabilization, high efficiency, simple operation, environmental protection, high conversion rate of products and excellent selectivity.
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Paragraph 0018; 0019; 0020-0023; 0030-0050; 0095-0098
(2017/10/07)
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- Acceptorless Dehydrogenation of N-Heterocycles by Merging Visible-Light Photoredox Catalysis and Cobalt Catalysis
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Herein, the first acceptorless dehydrogenation of tetrahydroquinolines (THQs), indolines, and other related N-heterocycles, by merging visible-light photoredox catalysis and cobalt catalysis at ambient temperature, is described. The potential applications to organic transformations and hydrogen-storage materials are demonstrated. Primary mechanistic investigations indicate that the catalytic cycle occurs predominantly by an oxidative quenching pathway.
- He, Ke-Han,Tan, Fang-Fang,Zhou, Chao-Zheng,Zhou, Gui-Jiang,Yang, Xiao-Long,Li, Yang
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supporting information
p. 3080 - 3084
(2017/03/14)
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- Method for preparing quinoline derivative by catalyzing oxidative dehydrogenation of nitrogen-containing heterocyclic ring through carbon nitride material
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The invention belongs to the field of chemical synthesis, and particularly relates to a method for preparing a quinoline derivative by catalyzing oxidative dehydrogenation of a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic ring through a carbon nitride material. The carbon nitride material is prepared by using a nitrogen-containing organic macrocyclic compound as a precursor and calcining in an inert atmosphere. During a reaction, oxygen or air is used as an oxidant, and in the presence or absence of a solvent, the reaction is performed at 50-120 DEG C and the carbon nitrogen material can convert the nitrogen-containing heterocyclic ring into the corresponding quinoline derivative. According to the invention, no metal is introduced into a reaction system, and the method is easy to amplify; after being recycled for at least 9 times, a catalyst still maintain good selectivity and activity; therefore, the method has a significant practical prospect during industrial production.
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Paragraph 0016; 0017
(2017/08/29)
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- Method for catalyzing nitrogen heterocyclic ring compound for oxidative dehydrogenation with hydrotalcite-like material
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The invention relates to a method for catalyzing a nitrogen heterocyclic ring compound for oxidative dehydrogenation with a hydrotalcite-like material, and belongs to the application aspect of a hydrotalcite-like component. The hydrotalcite-like component can be expressed as: A-MxM-LDHs (A=OH or CO3; M=Ni, Co, Cu, Mg or Zn; M=Fe, Mn, Al; M/M=(2 to 4)). Under existence of the catalyst and without adding any additives, oxidative dehydrogenation reaction is performed on the heterocyclic ring compound under a mild condition to prepare a corresponding aromatic compound. According to the method provided by the invention, the hydrotalcite-like material is based on non-noble metal, can be synthesized largely, and can be recycled; the method has the advantages of being high in catalytic reaction efficiency, mild in reaction condition, low in cost, easy to industrialize and the like.
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Paragraph 0048; 0049; 0050; 0051; 0052
(2017/10/27)
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- Synthesis of quinolines from glycerol over tungstic acid functionalized mesoporous KIT-6 catalyst in aqueous medium
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Mesoporous tungstic acid functionalized KIT-6 has been synthesized through a condensation of (3-chloropropyl) triethoxysilane and Si-KIT-6 followed by substitution of chloromethylation functionalized KIT-6 by sodium tungstate dihydrate. The synthesized tungstic acid functionalized KIT-6 (W-KIT-6) was characterized by low and wide angle X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), N2 adsorption-desorption isotherm, scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), NH3-temperature programmed desorption (NH3-TPD), 13C CP/MAS NMR spectrum and FT-IR analysis. The functionalized KIT-6 posses surface area of 663 m2/g with corresponding pore size 6.3 nm and pore volume 0.65 cm3/g. The catalytic activity of W-KIT-6 nanoparticles evaluated in the Skraup synthesis of quinoline and its derivatives using water as solvent, the results show the target compound was obtained as 89% yield with complete conversion of glycerol (100%) under the reaction conditions of 200°C for 3 h. The catalyst has been recycled for five times without significant loss in catalytic activity.
- Udayakumar,Pandurangan
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p. 919 - 928
(2017/08/04)
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- Catalytic Synthesis of Substituted Indoles and Quinolines from the Dehydrative C-H Coupling of Arylamines with 1,2- and 1,3-Diols
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The cationic ruthenium-hydride complex catalyzes the dehydrative C-H coupling reaction of arylamines with 1,2-diols to form the indole products. The analogous coupling of arylamines with 1,3-diols afforded the substituted quinolines. The catalytic method directly forms these coupling products in a highly regioselective manner without generating any toxic byproducts.
- Lee, Hanbin,Yi, Chae S.
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supporting information
p. 1973 - 1977
(2016/07/06)
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- A Convenient Procedure for the Oxidative Dehydrogenation of N-Heterocycles Catalyzed by FeCl2/DMSO
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A convenient catalytic procedure has been developed for the oxidative dehydrogenations of N-heterocycles. Combining catalytic FeCl2 with DMSO yields a catalyst that promotes the dehydrogenation of tetrahydroquinolines and related heterocycles under 1 bar of O2, affording the corresponding N-heteroaromatic products in moderate yields.
- Zhou, Weiyou,Taboonpong, Piyada,Aboo, Ahmed Hamdoon,Zhang, Lingjuan,Jiang, Jun,Xiao, Jianliang
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supporting information
p. 1806 - 1809
(2016/07/16)
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- Copper-catalyzed oxygen atom transfer of N-oxides leading to a facile deoxygenation procedure applicable to both heterocyclic and amine N-oxides
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Deoxygenation of various types of N-oxides including both heterocyclic and alkyl(aryl)amine derivatives has successfully been developed by the copper-catalyzed oxygen atom transfer using diazo compounds as the oxygen acceptor. The reaction proceeds smoothly over a broad range of substrates with excellent functional group tolerance under mild conditions. This journal is
- Jeong, Jisu,Lee, Donggun,Chang, Sukbok
-
supporting information
p. 7035 - 7038
(2015/04/22)
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- Synthesis and Characterization of Iron-Nitrogen-Doped Graphene/Core-Shell Catalysts: Efficient Oxidative Dehydrogenation of N-Heterocycles
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An important goal for nanocatalysis is the development of flexible and efficient methods for preparing active and stable core-shell catalysts. In this respect, we present the synthesis and characterization of iron oxides surrounded by nitrogen-doped-graphene shells immobilized on carbon support (labeled FeOx@NGr-C). Active catalytic materials are obtained in a simple, scalable and two-step method via pyrolysis of iron acetate and phenanthroline and subsequent selective leaching. The optimized FeOx@NGr-C catalyst showed high activity in oxidative dehydrogenations of several N-heterocycles. The utility of this benign methodology is demonstrated by the synthesis of pharmaceutically relevant quinolines. In addition, mechanistic studies prove that the reaction progresses via superoxide radical anions (·O2-).
- Cui, Xinjiang,Li, Yuehui,Bachmann, Stephan,Scalone, Michelangelo,Surkus, Annette-Enrica,Junge, Kathrin,Topf, Christoph,Beller, Matthias
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supporting information
p. 10652 - 10658
(2015/09/28)
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- Catalytic Aerobic Dehydrogenation of Nitrogen Heterocycles Using Heterogeneous Cobalt Oxide Supported on Nitrogen-Doped Carbon
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Dehydrogenation of (partially) saturated heterocycles provides an important route to heteroaromatic compounds. A heterogeneous cobalt oxide catalyst, previously employed for aerobic oxidation of alcohols and amines, is shown to be effective for aerobic dehydrogenation of various 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolines to the corresponding quinolines. The reactions proceed in good yields under mild conditions. Other N-heterocycles are also successfully oxidized to their aromatic counterparts.
- Iosub, Andrei V.,Stahl, Shannon S.
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supporting information
p. 4404 - 4407
(2015/09/28)
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- Synthesis of quinolines by iron-catalyzed reaction of anilines with propane-1,3-diol
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Quinoline and its derivatives were synthesized by cyclocondensation of anilines with propane-1,3-diol in 57-96% yield in the presence of iron-containing catalysts in carbon tetrachloride.
- Khusnutdinov,Bayguzina,Aminov
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p. 2725 - 2727
(2016/02/18)
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- Quinoline and phenanthroline preparation starting from glycerol via improved microwave-assisted modified Skraup reaction
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An efficient "green" modified Skraup reaction in neat water was developed using inexpensive, abundant and environmentally-friendly glycerol under microwave irradiation conditions. Starting from aniline derivatives, various quinolines were obtained in 10-66% yields. The use of nitroaniline led to the corresponding phenanthrolines in 15-52% yields, respectively. This journal is the Partner Organisations 2014.
- Saggadi, Hanen,Luart, Denis,Thiebault, Nicolas,Polaert, Isabelle,Estel, Lionel,Len
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p. 21456 - 21464
(2014/06/10)
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- Modular o-quinone catalyst system for dehydrogenation of tetrahydroquinolines under ambient conditions
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Quinolines are common pharmacophores present in numerous FDA-approved pharmaceuticals and other bioactive compounds. Here, we report the design and development of new o-quinone-based catalysts for the oxidative dehydrogenation of tetrahydroquinolines to afford quinolines. Use of a Co(salophen) cocatalyst allows the reaction to proceed efficiently with ambient air at room temperature. The utility of the catalytic method is demonstrated in the preparation of a number of medicinally relevant quinolines.
- Wendlandt, Alison E.,Stahl, Shannon S.
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supporting information
p. 11910 - 11913
(2014/10/16)
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- One-pot synthesis of N-aryl propargylamine from aromatic boronic acid, aqueous ammonia, and propargyl bromide under microwave-assisted conditions
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A facile, one-pot synthesis of N-aryl propargylamine from aromatic boronic acid, aqueous ammonia, and propargyl bromide has been achieved under microwave-assisted conditions. The reactions can be smoothly completed within a total 10 min through a two-step procedure, including copper-catalyzed coupling of aromatic boronic acids with aqueous ammonia and following propargylation by propargyl bromide.
- Jiang, Yu-Bo,Zhang, Wen-Sheng,Cheng, Hui-Ling,Liu, Yu-Qi,Yang, Rui
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p. 779 - 782
(2014/06/09)
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- Iron(III)-mediated photocatalytic selective substitution of aryl bromine by chlorine with high chloride utilization efficiency
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An iron(III)-mediated photocatalytic method for the conversion of aryl, heteroaryl and polycyclic aromatic bromides to the corresponding chlorides with high selectivity has been achieved successfully. The mild reaction conditions and high chloride utilization efficiency promise a bright future for chlorination reactions. The Royal Society of Chemistry 2014.
- Wang, Ying,Li, Lina,Ji, Hongwei,Ma, Wanhong,Chen, Chuncheng,Zhao, Jincai
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supporting information
p. 2344 - 2346
(2014/03/21)
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- Synthesis of quinolines and fused pyridocoumarins from N-propargylanilines or propargylaminocoumarins by catalysis with gold nanoparticles supported on TiO2
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[5,6]-Fused pyridocoumarins are prepared under mild conditions in excellent yields through the activation of the triple bond of 6-propargylaminocoumarins by gold nanoparticles supported on TiO2. The analogous reaction of N-propargylanilines with Au/TiO2 or Au/Al2O3 resulted in the formation of quinolines.
- Symeonidis, Theodoros S.,Lykakis, Ioannis N.,Litinas, Konstantinos E.
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p. 4612 - 4616
(2013/06/26)
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- An improved palladium-catalyzed conversion of aryl and vinyl triflates to bromides and chlorides
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A facile Pd-catalyzed conversion of aryl and vinyl triflates to aryl and vinyl halides (bromides and chlorides) is described. This method allows convenient access to a variety of aryl, heteroaryl, and vinyl halides in good to excellent yields and with greatly simplified conditions relative to our previous report.
- Pan, Jun,Wang, Xinyan,Zhang, Yong,Buchwald, Stephen L.
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supporting information; experimental part
p. 4974 - 4976
(2011/11/06)
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- Reduction of nitroarenes followed by propanol group transfer from tris(3-hydroxypropyl)- amine and cyclization leading to quinolines under heterogeneous Pd-C catalysis
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Nitroarenes having electron-donating or -withdrawing substituents are reduced to anilines and cyclized with tris(3- hydroxypropyl)amine in the presence of a catalytic amount of Pd-C along with tin(II) chloride and isopropanol in dioxane-H2O medium to give the corresponding quinolines in good to excellent yields. Copyright
- Cho, Chan Sik,Kim, Tae Gyun,Yoon, Nam Sik
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experimental part
p. 291 - 293
(2010/08/04)
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- Cyclisation reactions of some pyridazinylimidoylketenes
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Flash vacuum pyrolysis (FVP) of aminopyridazinone derivatives of Meldrum's acid at 600 °C (0.02 Torr) results in generation of an imidoylketene intermediate followed by cyclisation. In the case of the 5-amino derivatives, the products are pyrido[2,3-d]pyridazines, whereas the 4-amino compounds lead to mixtures of pyrido[2,3-d]pyridazines and pyrrolo[3,2-c]pyridazines. The feasibility of the 1,5-sigmatropic shift of a chlorine atom, required for the formation of two of the pyrido[2,3-d]pyridazines, was supported by the corresponding reaction of a corresponding 2,6-dichloroaniline derivative. The feasibility of the decarboxylation mechanism required for the formation of the pyrrolo[3,2-c]pyridazines, was supported by related processes in the FVP reactions of model compounds and by DFT calculations.
- Gaywood, Alexander P.,Hill, Lawrence,Imam, S. Haider,McNab, Hamish,Neumajer, Gabor,O'Neill, William J.,Matyus, Peter
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experimental part
p. 236 - 242
(2010/06/13)
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- Ruthenium-Catalyzed Formation of Quinolines via Reductive Cyclization of Nitroarenes with Tris(3-hydroxypropyl)amine in an Aqueous Medium
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Nitroarenes react with tris(3-hydroxypropyl)amine in an aqueous medium (dioxane/H2O) at 180° in the presence of a catalytic amount of a ruthenium catalyst and tin(II) chloride along with isopropanol as hydrogen donor to afford the corresponding quinolines in good yields. The presence of tin(II) chloride is essential for the formation of quinolines. A reaction pathway involving initial reduction of nitroarenes to anilines, propanol group transfer from tris(3-hydroxypropyl)amine to anilines to form 3-anilino-l-propanols, N-alkylation of anilines by 3-anilino-1-propanol to form 1,3-dianilinopropane and intramolecular heteroannulation of 1, 3-dianilinopropane is proposed for this catalytic process.
- Cho, Chan Sik,Lee, Na Young,Choi, Heung-Jin,Kim, Tae-Jeong,Shim, Sang Chul
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p. 929 - 932
(2007/10/03)
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- Ruthenium-catalyzed synthesis of quinolines via reductive heteroannulation of nitroarenes with 3-amino-1-propanols
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Nitroarenes are reductively cyclized with 3-amino-1-propanols in dioxane/H2O in the presence of a ruthenium catalyst and tin(II) chloride dihydrate together with isopropanol to afford the corresponding quinolines. A reaction pathway involving i
- Cho, Chan Sik,Kyung Kim, Tae,Kim, Tae-Jeong,Shim, Sang Chul,Yoon, Nam Sik
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p. 291 - 294
(2007/10/03)
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- A practical route to quinolines from anilines
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A practical route to quinoline from anilines through acid-mediated cyclization of 3-(N-aryl-N-sulfonylamino)propionaldehydes has been developed. Treatment of the cyclization products, dihydroquinoline intermediates with KOH in DMSO leads to substituted quinolines.
- Tokuyama, Hidetoshi,Sato, Masashi,Ueda, Toshihiro,Fukuyama, Tohru
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p. 105 - 108
(2007/10/03)
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- Synthesis of quinolines by ruthenium-catalyzed heteroannulation of anilines with 3-amino-1-propanol
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Anilines react with 3-amino-1-propanol in dioxane in the presence of a catalytic amount of a ruthenium catalyst and tin(II) chloride dihydrate together with a hydrogen acceptor to afford the corresponding quinolines in moderate yields.
- Cho, Chan Sik,Oh, Byoung Ho,Shim, Sang Chul
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p. 1175 - 1178
(2007/10/03)
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- Baker's yeast reduction of nitroarenes in NaOH media 5. Reductive cyclization of o-nitrocinnamaldehydes
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Reduction of 2-nitrocinnamaldehydes or 4-(2'-nitrophenyl)-3-buten-2-one by bakers' yeast has been found to be cyclized in NaOH media, resulting in the formation of quinolines via cyclized N-oxides.
- Baik, Woonphil,Kim, Dong Ik,Lee, Hyun Joo,Chung, Wook-Jin,Kim, Byeong Hyo,Lee, Seok Woo
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p. 4579 - 4580
(2007/10/03)
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- Tungstate-Catalyzed Oxidation of Tetrahydroquinolines with Hydrogen Peroxide: A Novel Method for the Synthesis of Cyclic Hydroxamic Acids
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The sodium tungstate catalyzed oxidation of 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolines (1) with 30percent aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution in methanol gives 1-hydroxy-3,4-dihydroquinolin-2(1H)-ones (2), which are important biologically active compounds, in good to excellent yields.The cyclic hydroxamic acid 7 is also obtained in good yield.Since reduction of 2 thus obtained gives 3,4-dihydroquinolin-2(1H)-ones (4), the present reaction provides a convenient method for synthesis of 4 from 1.
- Murahashi, Shun-Ichi,Oda, Tetsuya,Sugahara, Toshiaki,Masui, Yoshiyuki
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p. 1744 - 1749
(2007/10/02)
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- Ruthenium Complex Catalyzed N-Heterocyclization. Syntheses of Quinolines and Indole Derivatives from Aminoarenes and 1,3-Propanediol of Glycols
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Aniline reacts with 1,3-propanediol under reflux in diglyme with spontaneous hydrogen evolution in the presence of a catalytic amount of ruth enium trichloride hydrate ( RuCl3*nH2O)-tributylphosphine (PBu3) to give quinoline in good yield.The yield of quinoline was markedly affected by the molar ratios of aniline to 1,3-propanediol and PBu3 to RuCl3*nH2O.The best yield (76percent) was achieved at the molar ratios of 2.5 of aniline / 1,3-propanediol and 2.0 of PBu3 / RuCl3*nH2O.Also, N-substituted anilines react with ethylene glycol in the presence of a catalytic amount of dichlor otris(triphenylphosphine)ruthenium (RuCl2(PPh3)3) to give N-substituted indole derivatives.The reactions were carried out at 180 deg C in dioxane with spontaneus hydrogen evolution.Aminoarenes also react with 2,3-butanediol and 1,2-cyclohexanediol ( mixture of cis and trans ) in the presence of RuCl2(PPh3)3 to give the corresponding 2,3-dimethylindoles and 1,2,3,4-tetrahydrocarbazoles in good to excellent yields.As the key intermediates of the reactions, N,N'-diarylpropylenediamine (5a) and N,N'-diarylethylenediamine (5b) and their dehydrogenated imine derivatives are postulated.
- Tsuji, Yasushi,Huh, Keun-Tae,Watanabe, Yoshihisa
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p. 1673 - 1680
(2007/10/02)
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- Preparation of 3-Substituted Quinolines. I. Alkylation of Malonaldehyde Dianil Derivatives
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2-Substituted 1-arylamino-3-arylimino-1-propenes (III) were prepared by the reaction of N-lithio derivatives of 1-arylamino-3-arylimino-1-propenes (malonaldehyde dianil derivatives) (II) and substituted benzyl bromides. 2-Allyl and 2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl) derivatives of II were prepared by the same method.However, the alkylation failed with less reactive alkyl halides such as ethyl iodide as alkylating agents.Hydrolysis of III afforded α-substituted β-(arylamino)acroleins (IV), which afforded 3-substiuted quinolines (V) on heating with aluminium chloride.Keywords -- 2-alkyl-1-arylamino-3-arylamino-1-propene; α-alkyl-β=(arylamino)acrolein; 3-alkylquinoline; alkylation; hydrolysis; cyclodehydration
- Todoriki, Reiko,Ono, Machiko,Tamura, Shinzo
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p. 4277 - 4285
(2007/10/02)
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