- Biaryl Coupling of Aryldiazonium Salts and Arylboronic Acids Catalysed by Gold
-
A gold-catalysed coupling of aryldiazonium salts with arylboronic acids is described. The reactions proceed in satisfactory yields under irradiation with blue LEDs in the presence of KF and a catalytic amount of ascorbic acid. Notably, 4-nitrobenzendiazonium tetrafluoroborate is sufficiently reactive to undergo the coupling with a variety of arylboronic acids in the absence of aryl radical initiators. The coupling is applicable for electron-donating and electron-withdrawing groups present at the para, ortho, and meta positions of both substrates.
- Medina-Mercado, Ignacio,Porcel, Susana
-
-
- Palladium-Catalyzed Decarbonylative Iodination of Aryl Carboxylic Acids Enabled by Ligand-Assisted Halide Exchange
-
We report an efficient and broadly applicable palladium-catalyzed iodination of inexpensive and abundant aryl and vinyl carboxylic acids via in situ activation to the acid chloride and formation of a phosphonium salt. The use of 1-iodobutane as iodide source in combination with a base and a deoxychlorinating reagent gives access to a wide range of aryl and vinyl iodides under Pd/Xantphos catalysis, including complex drug-like scaffolds. Stoichiometric experiments and kinetic analysis suggest a unique mechanism involving C?P reductive elimination to form the Xantphos phosphonium chloride, which subsequently initiates an unusual halogen exchange by outer sphere nucleophilic substitution.
- Boehm, Philip,Cacherat, Bastien,Lee, Yong Ho,Martini, Tristano,Morandi, Bill
-
supporting information
p. 17211 - 17217
(2021/07/02)
-
- σ-Bond initiated generation of aryl radicals from aryl diazonium salts
-
σ-Bond nucleophiles and molecular oxygen transform aryl diazonium salts into aryl radicals. Experimental and computational studies show that Hantzsch esters transfer hydride to aryl diazonium species, and that oxygen initiates radical fragmentation of the diazene intermediate to produce aryl radicals. The operational simplicity of this addition-fragmentation process for the generation of aryl radicals, by a polar-radical crossover mechanism, has been illustrated in a variety of bond-forming reactions.
- Chan, Bun,McErlean, Christopher S. P.,Nashar, Philippe E.,Tatunashvili, Elene
-
supporting information
p. 1812 - 1819
(2020/03/17)
-
- Low-temperature and highly efficient liquid-phase catalytic nitration of chlorobenzene with NO2: Remarkably improving the para-selectivity in O2-Ac2O-Hβ composite system
-
In this work, we developed a low-temperature and efficient approach for the highly selective preparation of valuable p-nitrochlorobenzene from the liquid-phase catalytic nitration of chlorobenzene with NO2 in O2-Ac2O-Hβ composite system. The results demonstrated that the introduction of molecular oxygen remarkably enhanced the chlorobenzene conversion and the cooperation catalysis of Hβ zeolite and Ac2O envidently improved the selectivity to para-nitro product. Under the optimized reaction conditions, 93.6 % of the selectivity to p-nitrochlorobenzene with 84.0 % of chlorobenzene conversion was obtained, and the ratio of p-nitrochlorobenzene to o-nitrochlorobenzene could reach up to 20.3. Furthermore, the selectivity distribution of nitration products was reasonably explained by the density functional theory (DFT) calculation. Finally, the possible nitration reaction pathway of chlorobenzene with NO2 was suggested in O2-Ac2O-Hβ composite catalytic system. The present work affords a new and mild nitration approach for highly selective preparation of valuable para-nitro products, and has potential industrial application prospects.
- Deng, Renjie,Liu, Pingle,Luo, He'an,Ni, Wenjin,You, Kuiyi,Zhao, Fangfang
-
-
- Arene diazonium saccharin intermediates: A greener and cost-effective alternative method for the preparation of aryl iodide
-
In the current protocol, the arene diazonium saccharin derivatives were initially produced from various substituted aromatic amines; subsequently, these intermediates were treated with a greener organic iodide for the preparation of the aryl iodide. We tried to choose low-cost, commercially available, biodegradable, recoverable, ecofriendly, and safe reagents and solvents. The arene diazonium saccharin intermediates could be stored in the liquid phase into a refrigerator for a long time with no significant loss activity. The outstanding merits of the current protocol (a) included the partial recovering of saccharin and tetraethylammonium salt, (b) reduce the use of solvents and the reaction steps due to eliminating separation and purification of intermediates, (c) good yield of the sterically hindered substrates, and (d) avoid the generation of heavy metal or corrosive waste.
- Ghaffari Khaligh, Nader,Rafie Johan, Mohd,Shahnavaz, Zohreh,Zaharani, Lia
-
p. 535 - 542
(2020/06/01)
-
- Two-Phase Electrochemical Generation of Aryldiazonium Salts: Application in Electrogenerated Copper-Catalyzed Sandmeyer Reactions
-
The electrochemical generation of aryldiazonium salts from nitroarenes in a two-phase system (ethyl acetate/water) was reported for the first time. Some compounds including azo, azosulfone, and arylazides were prepared in good yields with good purity. Cathodically generated aryldiazoniums and anodically produced copper(Ι) ions were used to perform Sandmeyer reactions. To improve the method, an H-type self-driving cell equipped with a Zn rod as an anode was introduced and used for two-phase aryldiazonium production.
- Goljani, Hamed,Tavakkoli, Zahra,Sadatnabi, Ali,Nematollahi, Davood
-
supporting information
p. 5920 - 5924
(2020/08/12)
-
- Dehydroxyalkylative halogenation of C(aryl)-C bonds of aryl alcohols
-
We herein report Cu mediated side-directed dehydroxyalkylative halogenation of aryl alcohols. C(aryl)-C bonds of aryl alcohols were effectively cleaved, affording the corresponding aryl chlorides, bromides and iodides in excellent yields. Aryl alcohols could serve as both aromatic electrophilic and radical synthetic equivalents during the reaction.
- Liu, Mingyang,Zhang, Zhanrong,Liu, Huizhen,Wu, Tianbin,Han, Buxing
-
supporting information
p. 7120 - 7123
(2020/07/14)
-
- NITRATION
-
The present invention relates to a process for preparing a nitrated compound, comprising the step of reacting a compound (A) comprising at least one substituted or unsubstituted aromatic or heteroaromatic ring, wherein said heteroaromatic ring comprises at least one heteroatom selected from the group consisting of oxygen, sulfur, phosphor, selenium and nitrogen, with a compound of formula (I) wherein Y is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and nitro.
- -
-
Page/Page column 36; 41; 46; 64; 37; 43; 48; 69
(2020/05/28)
-
- N-Nitroheterocycles: Bench-Stable Organic Reagents for Catalytic Ipso-Nitration of Aryl- And Heteroarylboronic Acids
-
Photocatalytic and metal-free protocols to access various aromatic and heteroaromatic nitro compounds through ipso-nitration of readily available boronic acid derivatives were developed using non-metal-based, bench-stable, and recyclable nitrating reagents. These methods are operationally simple, mild, regioselective, and possess excellent functional group compatibility, delivering desired products in up to 99% yield.
- Budinská, Alena,Katayev, Dmitry,Passera, Alessandro,Zhang, Kun
-
supporting information
(2020/03/30)
-
- Facile Access to Diverse Libraries of Internal Alkynes via Sequential Iododediazoniation/Decarboxylative Sonogashira Reaction in Imidazolium ILs without Ligand or Additive
-
Convenient access to diverse libraries of internal alkynes via decarboxylative Sonogashira reaction of alkynyl-carboxylic acids with iodoarenes, employing imidazolium-ILs as solvent, along with piperidine-appended imidazolium [PAIM][NTf2] as task-specific basic IL is demonstrated, without the need for any ligand or additive. The feasibility to perform these reactions by sequential one-pot iododediazoniation/decarboxylative Sonogashira reaction is also shown, and the scope of the methods is underscored by providing 29 examples. The potential for recycling and reuse of the IL solvent is also examined.
- Prabhala, Pavankumar,Savanur, Hemantkumar M.,Kalkhambkar, Rajesh G.,Laali, Kenneth K.
-
supporting information
p. 2061 - 2064
(2019/03/07)
-
- One-pot synthesis of unsymmetrical 1,3-butadiyne derivatives and their application in the synthesis of unsymmetrical 2,5-diarylthiophenes
-
A one-pot protocol was developed for the synthesis of unsymmetrical 1,3-butadiynes. The procedure is based on two sequential reactions: deprotection of R–C≡C–C≡C– C(Me)2OH derivatives in a retro-Favorskii reaction to furnish a terminal 1,3-butadiyne compound, which reacted with aryl iod-ides in a Sonogashira-type cross-coupling reaction catalyzed by Pd(PPh3)4 and CuI, using TBAOH as activator and toluene as solvent under reflux for 10 min. We also studied in situ thiocycli-zation of 1,3-butadiynes, leading to unsymmetrical 2,5-diaryl-thiophenes. The principal features of this method are operational simplicity, good substrate scope, very fast reaction, and high yields.
- Andrade, Camila B.,Carvalho, Diego B.,Trefzger, Ozildéia S.,Kassab, Najla M.,Guerrero, Palimécio G.,Barbosa, Sandro L.,Shiguemoto, Cristiane Y. K.,Baroni, Adriano C. M.
-
supporting information
p. 696 - 704
(2019/01/04)
-
- Synthesis, structure, and synthetic potential of arenediazonium trifluoromethanesulfonates as stable and safe diazonium salts
-
Aromatic diazonium salts are valuable building blocks for organic synthesis; however, in most cases, they are unstable, unsafe, poorly soluble, and/or expensive. In this paper, we have shown that a variety of stable and safe arenediazonium triflates ArN2+ TfO– can be obtained easily and in high yields by diazotization of anilines with tert-butyl nitrite in the presence of trifluoromethanesulfonic acid. Arenediazonium triflates are relatively shelf-stable in the dry state. They dissolve well in water, as well as polar and even nonpolar organic solvents. Less than 800 J/g of energy is released during the thermal decomposition of these salts, which indicates their explosion safety. Arenediazonium triflates have a high reactivity in the known reactions of diazonium chemistry, and undergo an unusual metal-free chlorodediazonization reaction with chloroform and CCl4.
- Filimonov, Victor D.,Krasnokutskaya, Elena A.,Kassanova, Assia Zh.,Fedorova, Valentina A.,Stankevich, Ksenia S.,Naumov, Nikolay G.,Bondarev, Alexander A.,Kataeva, Veronika A.
-
p. 665 - 674
(2018/09/14)
-
- ipso-Bromination/iodination of arylboronic acids: Poly(4-vinylpyridine)-Br2/I2 complexes as safe and efficient reagents
-
Poly(4-vinyl pyridine) supported bromine/iodine complexes were prepared and probed for ipso-bromination/iodination of arylboronic acids. These solid complexes with catalytic amount of additive are found to be safe and efficient reagent system for the ipso-bromination/iodination. The reaction occurs under mild conditions and tolerates various functional groups resulting in products with high selectivity and yields.
- Fu, Fang,Gurung, Laxman,Czaun, Miklos,Mathew, Thomas,Prakash, G.K. Surya
-
supporting information
(2019/08/26)
-
- Visible-Light-Induced Decarboxylative Iodination of Aromatic Carboxylic Acids
-
A convenient, efficient and practical visible-light-induced decarboxylative iodination of aromatic carboxylic acids has been developed, and the corresponding aryl iodides were obtained in good yields. The method shows some advantages including the use of readily available aromatic carboxylic acids as the starting materials, simple and mild conditions, high efficiency, wide substrate scope and tolerance of various functional groups.
- Jiang, Min,Yang, Haijun,Jin, Yunhe,Ou, Lunyu,Fu, Hua
-
supporting information
p. 1572 - 1577
(2018/06/26)
-
- Metathesis-active ligands enable a catalytic functional group metathesis between aroyl chlorides and aryl iodides
-
Current methods for functional group interconversion have, for the most part, relied on relatively strong driving forces which often require highly reactive reagents to generate irreversibly a desired product in high yield and selectivity. These approaches generally prevent the use of the same catalytic strategy to perform the reverse reaction. Here we describe a catalytic functional group metathesis approach to interconvert, under CO-free conditions, two synthetically important classes of electrophiles that are often employed in the preparation of pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals—aroyl chlorides (ArCOCl) and aryl iodides (ArI). Our reaction design relies on the implementation of a key reversible ligand C–P bond cleavage event, which enables a non-innocent, metathesis-active phosphine ligand to mediate a rapid aryl group transfer between the two different electrophiles. Beyond enabling a practical and safer approach to the interconversion of ArCOCl and ArI, this type of ligand non-innocence provides a blueprint for the development of a broad range of functional group metathesis reactions employing synthetically relevant aryl electrophiles.
- Lee, Yong Ho,Morandi, Bill
-
p. 1016 - 1022
(2018/09/06)
-
- An efficient gram scale synthesis of aryl iodides from aryl diazofluoroborates in water under mild conditions
-
Transition metal-free synthesis of synthetically valuable aryl iodides from aryl diazofluroborates in water under mild conditions has been described. Majority of synthesized aryl iodides are obtained in quantitative yields (>99%) under present reaction conditions. The structural effects due to the substituents present on aryl diazofluoroborates did not show any satisfactory effect on the yields of the aryl iodides. Hence, the methodology presented here was found to be adventitious for the quantitative production of synthetically valuable aryl iodides.
- Gholap, Somnath S.
-
p. 594 - 599
(2018/06/26)
-
- A general electrochemical strategy for the Sandmeyer reaction
-
Herein we report a general electrochemical strategy for the Sandmeyer reaction. Using electricity as the driving force, this protocol employs a simple and inexpensive halogen source, such as NBS, CBrCl3, CH2I2, CCl4, LiCl and NaBr for the halogenation of aryl diazonium salts. In addition, we found that these electrochemical reactions could be performed using anilines as the starting material in a one-pot fashion. Furthermore, the practicality of this process was demonstrated in the multigram scale synthesis of aryl halides using highly inexpensive graphite as the electrode. A series of detailed mechanism studies have been performed, including radical clock and radical scavenger study, cyclic voltammetry analysis and in situ electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) analysis.
- Liu, Qianyi,Sun, Beiqi,Liu, Zheng,Kao, Yi,Dong, Bo-Wei,Jiang, Shang-Da,Li, Feng,Liu, Guoquan,Yang, Yang,Mo, Fanyang
-
p. 8731 - 8737
(2018/12/10)
-
- Direct Transformation of Arylamines to Aryl Halides via Sodium Nitrite and N-Halosuccinimide
-
A one-pot universal approach for transforming arylamines to aryl halides via reaction with sodium nitrite (NaNO2) and N-halosuccinimide (NXS) in DMF at room temperature under metal- and acid-free condition is described. This new protocol that is complementary to the Sandmeyer reaction, is suggested to involve the in situ generation of nitryl halide induce nitrosylation of aryl amine to form the diazo intermediate which is halogenated to furnish the aryl halide.
- Mukhopadhyay, Sushobhan,Batra, Sanjay
-
supporting information
p. 14622 - 14626
(2018/09/21)
-
- Direct Pd(II)-Catalyzed Site-Selective C5-Arylation of 2-Pyridone Using Aryl Iodides
-
A straightforward Pd(II)-catalyzed general strategy was developed for the C5-selective arylation of the 2-pyridone core with easily available aryl iodides. The transformation was highly regioselective and accomplished with a wide scope and functional group tolerance. Silver nitrate played a crucial role in this direct site-selective arylation. The method was extended to synthesize biologically active molecules.
- Maity, Saurabh,Das, Debapratim,Sarkar, Souradip,Samanta, Rajarshi
-
supporting information
p. 5167 - 5171
(2018/09/13)
-
- Functional Group Transposition: A Palladium-Catalyzed Metathesis of Ar-X σ-Bonds and Acid Chloride Synthesis
-
We describe the development of a new method to use palladium catalysis to form functionalized aromatics: via the metathesis of covalent σ-bonds between Ar-X fragments. This transformation demonstrates the dynamic nature of palladium-based oxidative addition/reductive elimination and offers a straightforward approach to incorporate reactive functional groups into aryl halides through exchange reactions. The reaction has been exploited to assemble acid chlorides without the use of high energy halogenating or toxic reagents and, instead, via the metathesis of aryl iodides with other acid chlorides.
- De La Higuera Macias, Maximiliano,Arndtsen, Bruce A.
-
supporting information
p. 10140 - 10144
(2018/08/23)
-
- A facile and sustainable protocol to the preparation of aryl iodides using stable arenediazonium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide salts via the telescopic process
-
The preparation of aryl iodides in a telescopic reaction using tert-butyl nitrite as a diazotization reagent and a mixture of bis(trifluoromethane) sulfonamide and glacial acetic acid as a mild acidic agent in ethanol followed by iododediazoniation with tetraethylammonium iodide in water was investigated. The current method has other advantages such as minimized waste by avoiding solvent for the purification of products in diazotization step, simple experimental procedure, and good yield of the sterically hindered aryl amines, metal and strong acid-free waste and environmentally benign conditions. The noteworthy features of this study are the preparation of stable arenediazonium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide salts that can be used with no significant loss activity after 1?week and bis(trifluoromethane)sulfonamide was recovered in high yields from reactions.
- Khaligh, Nader Ghaffari
-
-
- Aerobic Oxidation of Alkyl 2-Phenylhydrazinecarboxylates Catalyzed by CuCl and DMAP
-
Recently, various fruitful organic reactions such as a catalytic Mitsunobu reaction were reported by virtue of alkyl 2-phenylazocarboxylates, however, the synthesis of alkyl 2-phenylazocarboxylates largely depended on the stoichiometric use of toxic oxidants. In this manuscript, an environment-friendly aerobic oxidative transformation of alkyl 2-phenylhydrazinecarboxylates to alkyl 2-phenylazocarboxylates is disclosed. The use of CuCl and DMAP system efficiently catalyzed the aerobic oxidation of alkyl 2-phenylhydrazinecarboxylates under mild conditions. The reaction rate of the present Cu-catalysis was much faster than that of the previously reported Fe-catalysis, and a variety of azo products were synthesized within 3 h. The present protocol was effective on larger scale. It was observed that the produced azo compound could undergo various reactions without isolation through one-pot sequential protocols.
- Kim, Min Hye,Kim, Jinho
-
p. 1673 - 1679
(2018/02/09)
-
- Copper-catalysed aromatic-Finkelstein reactions with amine-based ligand systems
-
A new efficient and low-cost ligand, diethylenetriamine, has been utilised to promote the iodination of 16 different bromo-substrates via the copper catalysed Finkelstein halogen exchange reaction under mild conditions. In contrast to earlier methods, the use of inert atmosphere conditions was not required to obtain high yields and purity. Studies on the speciation of the catalyst in solution indicate rapid disproportionation of copper(i) in the presence of diethylenetriamine to give copper(0) and a bis-ligated copper(ii) complex which is characterised by X-ray diffraction. This copper(ii) complex was also shown to be catalytically active in the halogen exchange reaction. In contrast, no significant disproportionation was observed using dimethylethylenediamine as the ligand, and the solid-state structures of a copper(i) dimeric complex and a 2D polymeric network of copper(i) iodide tetramers are reported. The catalytic activity of diethylenetriamine and dimethylethylenediamine with both copper(i) and copper(ii) salts are compared, and possible mechanistic implications discussed.
- Jin, Xiaodong,Davies, Robert P.
-
p. 2110 - 2117
(2017/07/22)
-
- A one-pot radioiodination of aryl amines: Via stable diazonium salts: Preparation of 125I-imaging agents
-
An operationally simple, one-pot, two-step tandem procedure that allows the incorporation of radioactive iodine into aryl amines via stable diazonium salts is described. The mild conditions are tolerant of various functional groups and substitution patterns, allowing late-stage, rapid access to a wide range of 125I-labelled aryl compounds and SPECT radiotracers.
- Sloan, Nikki L.,Luthra, Sajinder K.,McRobbie, Graeme,Pimlott, Sally L.,Sutherland, Andrew
-
supporting information
p. 11008 - 11011
(2017/10/13)
-
- Late stage iodination of biologically active agents using a one-pot process from aryl amines
-
A simple and effective one-pot tandem procedure that generates aryl iodides from readily available aryl amines via stable diazonium salts has been developed. The operationally simple procedure and mild conditions allow late-stage iodination of a wide range of aryl compounds bearing various functional groups and substitution patterns. A novel synthetic strategy involving the preparation of nitroaryl compounds followed by a chemoselective tin(ii) dichloride reduction and the use of the one-pot diazotisation-iodination transformation was also developed. The general applicability of this approach was demonstrated with the preparation of a number of medicinally important compounds including CNS1261, a SPECT imaging agent of the N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor and IBOX, a compound used to detect amyloid plaques in the brain.
- Sloan, Nikki L.,Luthra, Sajinder K.,McRobbie, Graeme,Pimlott, Sally L.,Sutherland, Andrew
-
p. 54881 - 54891
(2017/12/12)
-
- One-Pot, Metal-Free Conversion of Anilines to Aryl Bromides and Iodides
-
A metal-free synthesis of aryl bromides and iodides from anilines via halogen abstraction from bromotrichloromethane and diiodomethane is described. This one-pot reaction affords aryl halides from the corresponding anilines in moderate to excellent yields without isolation of diazonium salts. The transformation has short reaction times, a simple workup, and insensitivity to moisture and air and avoids excess halogenation. DFT calculations support a SRN1 mechanism. This method represents a convenient alternative to the classic Sandmeyer reaction.
- Leas, Derek A.,Dong, Yuxiang,Vennerstrom, Jonathan L.,Stack, Douglas E.
-
supporting information
p. 2518 - 2521
(2017/05/24)
-
- Copper-catalyzed conversion of aryl and heteroaryl bromides into the corresponding iodide
-
An efficient method for the synthesis of aryl and heteroaryl iodides is described in this study. The reactions of aryl and heteroaryl bromides with potassium iodide proceeded smoothly in the presence of a copper catalyst under mild reaction conditions to produce the corresponding iodides in satisfactory to excellent yields.
- Feng, Xiujuan,Li, Lingyu,Yu, Xiaoqiang,Yamamoto, Yoshinori,Bao, Ming
-
p. 129 - 132
(2016/07/06)
-
- Copper-mediated aerobic iodination and perfluoroalkylation of boronic acids with (CF3)2CFI at room temperature
-
The copper-mediated aerobic reactions between the branched (CF3)2CFI and boronic acids (R-B(OH)2) are described. Different from the linear perfluoroalkyl analogs CF3(CF2)nI (n?=?2, 3, 5, 7), (CF3)2CFI reacting with R-B(OH)2at room temperature under air in the presence of catalytic Cu powder provided exclusively the corresponding iodides (R-I), while the aerobic reactions of arylboronic acids with (CF3)2CFI at room temperature in the presence of Cu(OAc)2gave the perfluoroalkylation products (R-CF(CF3)2) in acceptable to moderate yields. The iodination reaction could be further promoted by hydroquinone, the addition of which improved the oxidation ability of (CF3)2CFI and provided the ipso-iodination products in high yields. The perfluoroalkylation was facilitated by the copper carboxylates since the addition of these salts into the reaction mixtures could successfully give rise to Ar-CF(CF3)2.
- Liu, Xi-Hai,Leng, Jing,Jia, Su-Jiao,Hao, Jian-Hong,Zhang, Fanglin,Qin, Hua-Li,Zhang, Cheng-Pan
-
-
- PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF N-IODOAMIDES
-
The present invention provides new stable crystalline N-iodoamides - 1-iodo- 3,5,5-trimethylhydantoin (1-ITMH) and 3-iodo-4,4-dimethyl-2-oxazolidinone (IDMO). The present invention further provides a process for the preparation of organic iodides using N-iodoamides of this invention and recovery of the amide co-products from waste water.
- -
-
Paragraph 00234-00235
(2015/05/26)
-
- Compartmentalization of incompatible reagents within Pickering emulsion droplets for one-pot cascade reactions
-
It is a dream that future synthetic chemistry can mimic living systems to process multistep cascade reactions in a one-pot fashion. One of the key challenges is the mutual destruction of incompatible or opposing reagents, for example, acid and base, oxidants and reductants. A conceptually novel strategy is developed here to address this challenge. This strategy is based on a layered Pickering emulsion system, which is obtained through lamination of Pickering emulsions. In this working Pickering emulsion, the dispersed phase can separately compartmentalize the incompatible reagents to avoid their mutual destruction, while the continuous phase allows other reagent molecules to diffuse freely to access the compartmentalized reagents for chemical reactions. The compartmentalization effects and molecular transport ability of the Pickering emulsion were investigated. The deacetalization-reduction, deacetalization-Knoevenagel, deacetalization-Henry and diazotization-iodization cascade reactions demonstrate well the versatility and flexibility of our strategy in processing the one-pot cascade reactions involving mutually destructive reagents. (Figure Presented).
- Yang, Hengquan,Fu, Luman,Wei, Lijuan,Liang, Jifen,Binks, Bernard P.
-
supporting information
p. 1362 - 1371
(2015/02/19)
-
- Electrodeposited palladium on MWCNTs as 'semi-soluble heterogeneous' catalyst for cross-coupling reactions
-
Abstract Platinum group metals (PGM) catalyze many important chemical processes including hydrogenation; electro-catalysis applied to fuel cell and battery technologies and one of the most prominent the Csp2-Csp2 cross-coupling reactions such as Sonogashira, Suzuki-Miyaura, and Csp2-Nsp3 cross-coupling as for the Buchwald-Hartwig type reactions. The main concern of the catalytic reaction is the recovery and recyclability of used catalytic entities. Recent efforts in the catalyst fabrication focus on combining a nano-sized metal with various high surface area supports like resins or carbon-based materials that allow recovering the catalyst after each reaction in a simple and convenient way. This work aims to investigate the catalytic activity of the carbon-supported (MWCNTs) electrodeposited metallic nanoparticles (Pd) and their applications in several cross-coupling reactions. We propose a simple and affordable synthesis of the high surface area Pd-C composite that can be re-used until deactivated. The intramolecular interactions between carbon and metallic fractions studied by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy are discussed with respect to the catalytic efficiencies.
- Radtke, Mariusz,Stumpf, Steffi,Schr?ter, Bernd,H?ppener, Stephanie,Schubert, Ulrich Sigmar,Ignaszak, Anna
-
supporting information
p. 4084 - 4087
(2015/08/03)
-
- Aryl diazonium nanomagnetic sulfate and potassium iodide: An iodination process
-
A simple and efficient procedure for the synthesis of iodoarenes is developed which involves the sequential diazotization-iodination of aromatic amines with sodium nitrite, nanomagnetic supported sulfonic acid, and potassium iodide under solvent-free conditions at room temperature.
- Kolvari, Eskandar,Amoozadeh, Ali,Koukabi, Nadiya,Otokesh, Somayeh,Isari, Mohsen
-
supporting information
p. 3648 - 3651
(2014/06/23)
-
- Acidic ionic liquid supported on silica-coated magnetite nanoparticles as a green catalyst for one-pot diazotization-halogenation of the aromatic amines
-
Acidic ionic liquid was immobilized on silica-coated magnetite nanoparticles (Fe3O4@SILnP) and used as an efficient heterogeneous catalyst for the diazotization-iodination reaction of different aromatic amines under solvent-free conditions at room temperature. The diazonium salts that are formed by this catalyst are stable at room temperature and react rapidly with sodium iodide to produce aryl iodides in good to excellent yields. This method has some advantages such as low pollution, rapid access to products, simple work-up and easy separation of catalyst from the reaction mixture.
- Isaad, Jalal
-
p. 49333 - 49341
(2014/12/10)
-
- A hybrid solid-fluorous phase radioiodination and purification platform
-
A new class of fluorous materials was developed to create a hybrid solid-solution phase strategy for the expedient preparation and HPLC-free purification of 125I-labeled compounds. The system is referred to as a hybrid platform in that it combines solution phase labeling and fluorous solid-phase purification in one step as opposed to two separate individual processes. Treatment of fluorous arylstannanes coated on fluorous silica with [125I]NaI and the appropriate oxidant made it possible to produce and selectively isolate the nonfluorous radiolabeled products in high purity (>98%) free from excess starting material and unreacted radioiodine. Examples included simple aryl and heterocyclic (click) derivatives, known radiopharmaceuticals including meta-iodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) and iododeoxyuridine (IUdR), and a new agent with high affinity for prostate-specific membrane antigen. The coated fluorous silica kits are simple to prepare, and reactions can be performed at room temperature using different oxidants generating products in minutes in biocompatible solutions. Copyright
- Dzandzi, James P. K.,Vera, Denis R. Beckford,Valliant, John F.
-
p. 551 - 557
(2014/11/07)
-
- Regioselective nitration of aromatics with nanomagnetic solid superacid SO42-/ZrO2-MxOy-Fe 3O4 and its theoretical studies
-
A series of micro- and nanosulfated zirconia loaded on Fe3O 4 or other metal oxides (SO42-/ZrO 2-MxOy-Fe3O4 (M=Ti 4+, V5+, and Zn2+)) was prepared, characterized, and used in nitration. The nitration conditions with these solid superacids were then optimized to achieve the best regioselectivity and improve the performances of the catalysts as well. In the experimental results, SZTF (SO42-/ZrO2-TiO2-Fe 3O4) showed excellent catalytic activity and it increased the surface area of SO42-/ZrO2 by up to 15 %. The increase not only facilitated the generation of NO2+, but also provided more opportunities for metal ions to interact with aromatic compounds. With chlorobenzene as substrate, theoretical research on its geometric parameters, electron clouds, and electron spin density was used to investigate the interaction between transition metals and chlorobenzene.
- Wang, Peng Cheng,Zhu, Jie,Liu, Xiang,Lu, Ting Ting,Lu, Ming
-
p. 310 - 317
(2013/08/23)
-
- Halogenation and DNA cleavage via thermally stable arenediazonium camphorsulfonate salts
-
A series of stable arenediazonium camphorsulfonate salts (2a-2j) were synthesized by simple diazotization of several aromatic amines in the presence of sodium nitrite and camphorsulfonic acid. All the new arenediazonium camphorsulfonates, which were characterized by multinuclear (1H and 13C) NMR, IR, DSC, and X-ray diffraction analysis (2e and 2f) provide unambiguous proof for the molecular structures of 2e and 2f. The efficient application of these salts in halogenation reactions was studied in solvent and solvent-free conditions and the DNA cleavage activity was also assessed. These arenediazonium camphorsulfonate salts are noticed as efficient DNA cleaving agents.
- Vajpayee, Vaishali,Moon, Mi Eun,Lee, Sunmi,Ravikumar, Sambandam,Kim, Hyunuk,Ahn, Byungchan,Choi, Seoyoon,Hong, Soon Ho,Chi, Ki-Whan
-
p. 3511 - 3517
(2013/04/23)
-
- Nitrite ionic liquid as a new reagent for in situ synthesis of aryl iodides and azides
-
A new ionic liquid, 1-methyl-3-(2-[2-(1-methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium-3-yl)ethyloxy] ethyl)-1H-imidazol-3-ium dinitrite, was synthesized. This ionic liquid was used as a convenient nitrosonium source in diazotization of aryl amines into their corresponding diazonium salts, which were converted into aryl iodides and aryl azides using potassium iodide or sodium azide, respectively. Various aryl amines possessing electron-withdrawing groups or electron-donating groups were converted into the corresponding aryl iodides and aryl azides in excellent yields. Advantages of this methodology are the use of mild reaction conditions, short reaction times, and avoiding the use of toxic solvents.
- Eshghi, Hossein,Bakavoli, Mehdi,Ghasemzadeh, Marjan
-
p. 3999 - 4007
(2015/06/08)
-
- Iron-catalyzed cross-coupling reaction: Recyclable heterogeneous iron catalyst for selective olefination of aryl iodides in poly(ethylene glycol) medium
-
An environmentally friendly iron-based catalyst supported on acac-functionalized silica was successfully prepared and evaluated as a heterogeneous catalyst for Mizoroki-Heck reaction of aryl iodides and olefins. Our catalytic system showed good activities that were comparable to that of palladium catalysts. The catalyst was simply recovered from the reaction mixture and recycled five times. Furthermore, the reaction was carried out in poly(ethylene glycol) as a green solvent. Interestingly, using this catalyst, aryl iodides were selectively olefinated in the presence of aryl bromides.
- Hajipour, Abdol Reza,Azizi, Ghobad
-
supporting information
p. 1030 - 1034
(2013/07/26)
-
- Design, synthesis and characterization of N', N''- Diaryl ureas as p38 kinase inhibitors
-
Kinases have been known as important molecular targets for various diseases and p38 kinase is found to be vital target among all mitogen activated protein kinases for inflammatory diseases. P38 kinase inhibitors bearing urea scaffold have shown potent kinase inhibitory activity and also selectivity over other kinases. We present here the synthesis, p38 kinase inhibitory and anti-inflammatory activities of compounds containing N', N''-diarylurea scaffold. Compound 7f demonstrated IC50 value of 1.09 μM in p38 kinase assay and 79.41% inhibition of rat paw edema at the 2nd hour of carrageenan challenge. The molecular docking studies of synthesized compounds indicated some of the important hydrogen bonding interactions and also revealed the minor change in the binding pose when compared to BIRB796.
- Kulkarni, Ravindra G.,Laufer, Stefan,Mangannavar, Chandrashekhar,Garlapati, Achaiah
-
p. 213 - 221
(2013/07/28)
-
- Preparation of heteropoly acid based amphiphilic salts supported by nano oxides and their catalytic performance in the nitration of aromatics
-
A series of Keggin heteropoly acid anion based amphiphilic salts supported by nano oxides were synthesized and used as catalysts in the nitration of aromatic compounds with HNO3. The reaction conditions in the nitration of toluene were optimized and both 92.6% conversion and good para selectivity (ortho:para = 1.09) were obtained.
- Wang, Peng-Cheng,Yao, Kai,Lu, Ming
-
p. 2197 - 2202
(2013/03/14)
-
- Preparation, catalytic performance and theoretical study of porous sulfated binary metal oxides shell (SO42 -/M1xO y-M2xOy) using pollen grain templates
-
Porous micro-sized particles of binary metal oxide (SO4 2 -/M1xOy-M2xOy) shell were prepared by template-directed synthesis method employing HCl-treated pollen grains. With 150 m2/g high surface area, these solid acids could provide more acid sites and thus obtain better catalytic activity. Using aromatic nitration as the typical reaction, their catalytic performances were evaluated and showed a significant improvement in both conversion and regioselectivity. Then, with chlorobenzene as substrate, theoretical studies were performed to investigate the interaction between transition metals and chlorobenzene. The results showed that the excellent para-selectivity was closely relative to the metal ion in these solid acids.
- Wang, Peng Cheng,Yao, Kai,Zhu, Jie,Liu, Xiang,Lu, Ting Ting,Lu, Ming
-
-
- Nickel-catalysed aromatic Finkelstein reaction of aryl and heteroaryl bromides
-
A fast and efficient nickel-catalysed iodination reaction of aryl and heteroaryl bromides has been developed. The transformation was found to be general for a wide range of substrates and was used for the synthesis of iodo-PK11195, an imaging agent of Alzheimer's disease and iniparib, a compound used in the treatment of breast cancer.
- Cant, Alastair A.,Bhalla, Rajiv,Pimlott, Sally L.,Sutherland, Andrew
-
supporting information; experimental part
p. 3993 - 3995
(2012/06/05)
-
- Mechanosynthesis of nitrosobenzenes: A proof-of-principle study in combining solvent-free synthesis with solvent-free separations
-
Mechanochemical Oxone oxidation of selected para-substituted anilines was used as a rapid and solvent-free route to nitrosobenzenes; besides avoiding bulk solvents and short reaction times, this method exploits high vapour pressures of nitrosobenzenes for the solvent-free separation of the product by sublimation, demonstrating an entirely solvent-free route to chemical synthesis and product isolation. The Royal Society of Chemistry.
- Huskic, Igor,Halasz, Ivan,Friscic, Tomislav,Vancik, Hrvoj
-
supporting information
p. 1597 - 1600
(2013/02/23)
-
- Nucleophilic substitutions and radical reactions of phenylazocarboxylates
-
tert-Butyl phenylazocarboxylates are versatile building blocks for synthetic organic chemistry. Nucleophilic substitutions of the benzene ring proceed with aromatic amines and alcohols under mild conditions. The attack of aliphatic amines may be directed to the aromatic core as well as to the carbonyl unit leading to azocarboxamides. The benzene ring can further be modified through radical reactions, in which the tert-butyloxycarbonylazo group enables the generation of aryl radicals at either elevated temperatures or under acidic conditions. Radical reactions include oxygenation, halogenation, carbohalogenation, carbohydroxylation, and aryl-aryl coupling.
- Jasch, Hannelore,Hoefling, Sarah B.,Heinrich, Markus R.
-
p. 1520 - 1532
(2012/03/11)
-
- PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF IODIDES
-
This invention is directed to a process for the preparation of high yield alkyl or aryl iodide from its corresponding carboxylic acid using N-iodo amides.
- -
-
Page/Page column 34
(2012/01/05)
-
- A green procedure for the diazotization-iodination of aromatic amines under aqueous, strong-acid-free conditions
-
A convenient and mild one-pot method for the synthesis of iodoarenes in high yields by the sequential diazotization-iodination of aromatic amines with a reusable polymeric diazotization agent in the presence of p-toluenesulfonic acid at room temperature in water was developed. The method is general and is the greenest alternative of the known diazotization-iodination methods. The method is also effective for the preparation of 1H-benzo[d][1,2,3]triazole and benzo[d][1,2,3]thiadiazole. Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart ? New York.
- Trusova, Marina E.,Krasnokutskaya, Elena A.,Postnikov, Pavel S.,Choi, Younghwa,Chi, Ki-Whan,Filimonov, Victor D.
-
experimental part
p. 2154 - 2158
(2011/08/05)
-
- Nitration of aromatic compounds under neutral conditions using the Ph 2PCl/I2/AgNO3 reagent system
-
Aromatic compounds were nitrated efficiently under essentially neutral conditions by employing Ph2PCl in the presence of I2 and AgNO3. This method minimizes waste products compared to traditional methods and gives the corresponding mononitro derivatives in good to excellent yields in dichloromethane at room temperature.
- Nowrouzi, Najmeh,Zareh Jonaghani, Mohammad
-
experimental part
p. 5081 - 5082
(2011/10/09)
-
- Nitration of aromatic hydrocarbons and halobenzenes using NOx catalyzed by solid acid catalysts
-
The nitration of aromatics using zeolite as a solid inorganic catalyst and nitric oxides as nitrating agents is a relatively clean process for aromatic nitration. Copyright
- Pande, Manoj A.,Samant, Shriniwas D.
-
experimental part
p. 3734 - 3738
(2011/02/16)
-
- 4-substituted tert-butyl phenylazocarboxylates-synthetic equivalents for the para-phenyl radical cation
-
First electrophile, then radical: 4-Substituted tert-butyl phenylazocarboxylates 1 are versatile synthetic equivalents of the para-phenyl radical cation 2. The tert-butyloxycarbonylazo group enables nucleophilic substitutions to proceed under mild conditions and can later be employed for the generation of aryl radicals. Copyright
- Hoefling, Sarah B.,Bartuschat, Amelie L.,Heinrich, Markus R.
-
supporting information; experimental part
p. 9769 - 9772
(2011/02/22)
-