cas 139-02-6, Sodium benzenolate | Articles data

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Mononuclear Sulfido-Tungsten(V) Complexes: Completing the Tp*MEXY (M = Mo, W; E = O, S) Series
Orange Tp*WSCl2 has been synthesized from the reactions of Tp*WOCl2 with boron sulfide in refluxing toluene or Tp*WS2Cl with PPh3 in dichloromethane at room temperature. Mononuclear sulfido-tungsten(V) complexes, Tp*WSXY {X = Y = Cl, OPh, SPh, SePh; X = Cl, Y = OPh; XY = toluene-3,4-dithiolate (tdt), quinoxaline-2,3-dithiolate (qdt); and Tp* = hydrotris(3,5-dimethylpyrazol-1-yl)borate} were prepared by metathesis of Tp*WSCl2 with the respective alkali metal salt of X-/XY2-, or [NHEt3]2(qdt). The complexes were characterized by microanalysis, mass spectrometry, electrochemistry, and infrared (IR), electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and electronic absorption spectroscopies. The molecular structures of Tp*WS(OPh)2, Tp*WS(SePh)2, and Tp*WS(tdt) have been determined by X-ray crystallography. The six-coordinate, distorted-octahedral W centers are coordinated by terminal sulfido (WS = 2.128(2) - 2.161(1) ?), terdentate facial Tp*, and monodentate/bidentate O/S/Se-donor ligands. The sulfido-W(V) complexes are characterized by lower energy electronic transitions, smaller giso, and larger Aiso(183W) values, and more positive reduction potentials compared with their oxo-W(V) counterparts. This series has been probed by sulfur K-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), the spectra being assigned by comparison to Tp*WOXY (X = Y = SPh; XY = tdt, qdt) and time-dependent density functional theoretical (TD-DFT) calculations. This study provides insight into the electronic nature and chemistry of the catalytically and biologically important sulfido-W unit.
Sproules, Stephen,Eagle, Aston A.,George, Graham N.,White, Jonathan M.,Young, Charles G.
p. 5189 - 5202
(2017)
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Kranzfelder,Sowa
p. 1190
(1937)
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Structure and reactivity of sodium phenoxide - Following the course of the Kolbe-Schmitt reaction
Solvent-free sodium phenoxide (NaOPh) crystallises as a polymer and forms a polymeric chain in the [001] direction. The low coordination of the sodium atoms, as evident in the crystal structure, is confirmed by the easy coordination of oxoligands (σ-donors). Hence, the four-membered ring chain of the solvent-free sodium phenoxide is separated by oxoligands, and forms partial structures as the polymer fragments. Thus, NaOPh crystallises in THF with the formation of an Na6O6 core, consisting of two face-fused heterocubes, and in N,N,N′,N′-tetrarnethyl urea (TMU) with the formation of a Na4O4 heterocubane. The solvent-free NaOPh-CO2 complex obtained from the addition of CO2 to a solution of sodium phenoxide is, when exposed to a temperature of 80 °C, subject to an irreversible phase transition, as demonstrated by FT-IR and DTA studies. The complex formed at 80 °C is, apparently, another intermediate of the Kolbe-Schmitt reaction. WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH,.
Kunert, Michael,Dinjus, Eckhard,Nauck, Maria,Sieler, Joachim
p. 1461 - 1465
(1997)
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A New Antagonist of Caenorhabditis elegans Glutamate-Activated Chloride Channels With Anthelmintic Activity
Nematode parasitosis causes significant mortality and morbidity in humans and considerable losses in livestock and domestic animals. The acquisition of resistance to current anthelmintic drugs has prompted the search for new compounds for which the free-living nematode Caenorhabditis elegans has emerged as a valuable platform. We have previously synthetized a small library of oxygenated tricyclic compounds and determined that dibenzo[b,e]oxepin-11(6H)-one (doxepinone) inhibits C. elegans motility. Because doxepinone shows potential anthelmintic activity, we explored its behavioral effects and deciphered its target site and mechanism of action on C. elegans. Doxepinone reduces swimming rate, induces paralysis, and decreases the rate of pharyngeal pumping required for feeding, indicating a marked anthelmintic activity. To identify the main drug targets, we performed an in vivo screening of selected strains carrying mutations in Cys-loop receptors involved in worm locomotion for determining resistance to doxepinone effects. A mutant strain that lacks subunit genes of the invertebrate glutamate-gated chloride channels (GluCl), which are targets of the widely used antiparasitic ivermectin (IVM), is resistant to doxepinone effects. To unravel the molecular mechanism, we measured whole-cell currents from GluClα1/β receptors expressed in mammalian cells. Glutamate elicits macroscopic currents whereas no responses are elicited by doxepinone, indicating that it is not an agonist of GluCls. Preincubation of the cell with doxepinone produces a statistically significant decrease of the decay time constant and net charge of glutamate-elicited currents, indicating that it inhibits GluCls, which contrasts to IVM molecular actions. Thus, we identify doxepinone as an attractive scaffold with promising anthelmintic activity and propose the inhibition of GluCls as a potential anthelmintic mechanism of action.
Bouzat, Cecilia,Castro, María Julia,Faraoni, María Belén,Gerbino, Darío,Turani, Ornella
(2020)
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Electrochemical reductive dehalogenation of ortho-halogenated phenols on Ag electrode by in situ FTIR
Electrochemical reductive dehalogenation reactions of ortho-halogenated phenols, namely, o-iodophenol (OIP), o-bromphenol (OBP) and o-chlorophenol (OCP) on Ag electrode in alkaline medium have been studied by in situ FTIR combined with cyclic voltammetry and computational calculations. The Ag electrode showed a high electrochemical activity for dehalogenation reactions of OBP and OIP in contrast with OCP under the similar conditions and the dehalogenation potential of OIP was more positive than OBP, reflecting more facile reduction of OIP on Ag electrode. On the basis of in situ FTIR of OCP on Ag electrode, it was not obvious and the electrochemical reduction reaction was quite weak. Therefore, the order of electrochemical reductive dehalogenation was OIP > OBP > OCP.
Yi, Jingmiao,Lu, Jinjin,Shi, Xiaohong,Song, Dandan,Zhao, Weijuan,Li, Meichao
p. 3879 - 3882
(2014)
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Synthetic method of methyl salicylate
The invention discloses a synthesis method of methyl salicylate. The method comprises the following steps: preparing sodium phenolate by using caustic soda flakes and phenol as raw materials, carryingout carboxylation reaction on the obtained sodium phenolate and carbon dioxide gas to obtain sodium salicylate, reacting the obtained sodium salicylate with chloromethane gas under the action of a phase transfer catalyst to obtain a crude methyl salicylate product containing a toluene solvent, neutralizing and washing the crude methyl salicylate product, recovering the toluene solvent at normal pressure, and carrying out vacuum distillation to obtain a finished methyl salicylate product. According to the method, a strong acid catalyst is not used, so that the wastewater amount is greatly reduced, and the corrosion to equipment and the pollution to the environment are reduced. According to the method, equipment is not seriously corroded, the wastewater amount is small, and the process is more environmentally friendly.
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Paragraph 0016; 0020; 0024

(2021/02/10)

NHC-CDI Betaine Adducts and Their Cationic Derivatives as Catalyst Precursors for Dichloromethane Valorization
Zwitterionic adducts of N-heterocyclic carbene and carbodiimide (NHC-CDI) are an emerging class of organic compounds with promising properties for applications in various fields. Herein, we report the use of the ICyCDI(p-Tol) betaine adduct (1a) and its cationic derivatives2aand3aas catalyst precursors for the dichloromethane valorization via transformation into high added value products CH2Z2(Z = OR, SR or NR2). This process implies selective chloride substitution of dichloromethane by a range of nucleophiles Na+Z-(preformed or generatedin situfrom HZ and an inorganic base) to yield formaldehyde-derived acetals, dithioacetals, or aminals with full selectivity. The reactions are conducted in a multigram-scale under very mild conditions, using dichloromethane both as a reagent and solvent, and very low catalyst loading (0.01 mol %). The CH2Z2derivatives were isolated in quantitative yields after filtration and evaporation, which facilitates recycling the dichloromethane excess. Mechanistic studies for the synthesis of methylal CH2(OMe)2rule out organocatalysis as being responsible for the CH2transfer, and a phase-transfer catalysis mechanism is proposed instead. Furthermore, we observed that1aand2areact with NaOMe to form unusual isoureate ethers, which are the actual phase-transfer catalysts, with a strong preference for sodium over other alkali metal nucleophiles.
Sánchez-Roa, David,Mosquera, Marta E. G.,Cámpora, Juan
p. 16725 - 16735
(2021/11/18)

Reversible Hydrogen Uptake/Release over a Sodium Phenoxide–Cyclohexanolate Pair
Hydrogen uptake and release in arene–cycloalkane pairs provide an attractive opportunity for on-board and off-board hydrogen storage. However, the efficiency of arene–cycloalkane pairs currently is limited by unfavorable thermodynamics for hydrogen release. It is shown here that the thermodynamics can be optimized by replacement of H in the -OH group of cyclohexanol and phenol with alkali or alkaline earth metals. The enthalpy change upon dehydrogenation decreases substantially, which correlates with the delocalization of the oxygen electron to the benzene ring in phenoxides. Theoretical calculations reveal that replacement of H with a metal leads to a reduction of the HOMO–LUMO energy gap and elongation of the C?H bond in the α site in cyclohexanolate, which indicates that the cyclohexanol is activated upon metal substitution. The experimental results demonstrate that sodium phenoxide–cyclohexanolate, an air- and water-stable pair, can desorb hydrogen at ca. 413 K and 373 K in the solid form and in an aqueous solution, respectively. Hydrogenation, on the other hand, is accomplished at temperatures as low as 303 K.
Yu, Yang,He, Teng,Wu, Anan,Pei, Qijun,Karkamkar, Abhijeet,Autrey, Tom,Chen, Ping
p. 3102 - 3107
(2019/01/04)

Catalytic, antibacterial and antibiofilm efficacy of biosynthesised silver nanoparticles using Prosopis juliflora leaf extract along with their wound healing potential
The present study focuses on the catalytic, antibacterial and antibiofilm efficacy of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in an easy, rapid and eco-friendly pathway. Herein, we have synthesised AgNPs using an aqueous extract of P. juliflora leaf. The bioactive compounds present in the extract are responsible for the reduction of Ag+ to Ag0. The particle synthesis was first observed by visual color change and then characterized using UV–visible spectroscopy to confirm the formation of AgNPs. The synthesis conditions were then optimised using critical parameters such as reaction time, AgNO3 concentration, extract to AgNO3 ratio and temperature of the reaction. The hydrodynamic size of the AgNPs with Dynamic light scattering (DLS) was 55.24 nm, while, was in the range of 10–20 nm as determined through Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). Further, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) studies were conducted to discern the functional groups or compounds responsible for the reduction of silver nitrate as well as the capping of silver nanoparticles. Later, X-ray diffraction (XRD) results showed crystalline nature of the biosynthesized AgNPs. To evaluate their antibacterial potential, AgNPs were assessed through disc-diffusion assay, which resulted in an appreciable dose-dependent activity. The antibacterial potential was investigated through disc-diffusion assay against E. coli and P. aeruginosa. The Congo red agar (CRA) plate assay successfully revealed the anti-biofilm activity against B. subtilis and P. aeruginosa. Further, the catalytic activity of synthesised AgNPs was assessed against azo dyes such a Methylene Blue (MB) and Congo Red (CR) that resulted in its effective degradation of toxic compounds in a short span of time. Further, AgNPs were assessed for their wound healing potential.
Arya, Geeta,Kumari, R. Mankamna,Sharma, Nikita,Gupta, Nidhi,Kumar, Ajeet,Chatterjee, Sreemoyee,Nimesh, Surendra
p. 50 - 58
(2018/11/26)

Dehydrogenative Coupling of Aldehydes with Alcohols Catalyzed by a Nickel Hydride Complex
A nickel hydride complex, {2,6-(iPr2PO)2C6H3}NiH, has been shown to catalyze the coupling of RCHO and R′OH to yield RCO2R′ and RCH2OH, where the aldehyde also acts as a hydrogen acceptor and the alcohol also serves as the solvent. Functional groups tolerated by this catalytic system include CF3, NO2, Cl, Br, NHCOMe, and NMe2, whereas phenol-containing compounds are not viable substrates or solvents. The dehydrogenative coupling reaction can alternatively be catalyzed by an air-stable nickel chloride complex, {2,6-(iPr2PO)2C6H3}NiCl, in conjunction with NaOMe. Acids in unpurified aldehydes react with the hydride to form nickel carboxylate complexes, which are catalytically inactive. Water, if present in a significant quantity, decreases the catalytic efficiency by forming {2,6-(iPr2PO)2C6H3}NiOH, which causes catalyst degradation. On the other hand, in the presence of a drying agent, {2,6-(iPr2PO)2C6H3}NiOH generated in situ from {2,6-(iPr2PO)2C6H3}NiCl and NaOH can be converted to an alkoxide species, becoming catalytically competent. The proposed catalytic mechanism features aldehyde insertion into the nickel hydride as well as into a nickel alkoxide intermediate, both of which have been experimentally observed. Several mechanistically relevant nickel species including {2,6-(iPr2PO)2C6H3}NiOC(O)Ph, {2,6-(iPr2PO)2C6H3}NiOPh, and {2,6-(iPr2PO)2C6H3}NiOPh·HOPh have been independently synthesized, crystallographically characterized, and tested for the catalytic reaction. While phenol-containing molecules cannot be used as substrates or solvents, both {2,6-(iPr2PO)2C6H3}NiOPh and {2,6-(iPr2PO)2C6H3}NiOPh·HOPh are efficient in catalyzing the dehydrogenative coupling of PhCHO with EtOH.
Eberhardt, Nathan A.,Wellala, Nadeesha P. N.,Li, Yingze,Krause, Jeanette A.,Guan, Hairong
p. 1468 - 1478
(2019/04/17)

A benzene oxygen suo ester preparation method (by machine translation)
The present invention provides a benzene oxygen suo ester preparation method, comprises the following steps: A) phenol compounds and alkaline hydroxide in dehydrating in organic solvent to form the salt, the salt of the phenol compound obtained; B) into the salt, adding chlorine suo ester, a condensation reaction, to obtain benzene oxygen suo ester and mixed solution of [...]; C) to 1 - 5 °C/min speed will be the system temperature dropped to 37 - 42 °C, and ultrasonic, chloride salt crystal grain becomes large, filtering to remove the [...]; the organic solvent is toluene, xylene, chlorobenzene, phenol, butanol and isobutanol in any mixture of the two. The invention in a mixed organic solvent in the dewatering of the phenol salt, in the dehydration process system always maintain a state are, to realize the continuous production, and the dewatering efficiency is high, the whole production process efficiency is high. And raw materials are easy, production cycle is short, low energy consumption, low production cost. And filtering to generate of [...], realizes the zero to produce zero emission of waste water. (by machine translation)
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Paragraph 0047; 0048; 0049; 0050; 0051; 0052; 0053-0058

(2019/01/08)

A preparing method for phenol
The invention relates to a preparing method for phenol. Benzene and concentrated sulfuric acid are adopted as raw materials. The method includes subjecting the raw materials in a certain ratio to polymerization, distillation, alkali fusion, acidification and crystallization. The mass ratio of the benzene to the concentrated sulfuric acid is 1.5-2.5:1. The concentrated sulfuric acid is concentrated sulfuric acid the concentration of which is 98%. The alkali fusion step is a step of adding benzenesulfonic acid into a container, adding sodium hydroxide powder the mass of which is 2-3 times of the mass of the benzene after the benzenesulfonic acid is fully fused, and continuously stirring for 1-3 h to produce sodium phenolate. The acidification step is a step of dissolving a mixture containing the sodium phenolate and other compounds with water, and bubbling in sulfur dioxide gas at room temperature under atmospheric pressure. The crystallization step is a step of cooling the solution, filtering, dissolving filter residue with distilled water the temperature of which is 65-75 DEG C, and cooling. The method is reasonable in design. Reactions are not performed at high temperature. The amounts of the acid and the sodium hydroxide are reduced. Equipment corrosion is low. A phenol yield is high.
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Paragraph 0020

(2016/12/07)

A six phenoxy link method for preparing three Phosphazenium
The invention discloses a preparation method of hexaphenoxy cyclotriphosphazene. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1), synthesizing sodium phenolate, wherein phenol and sodium hydroxide solid are reacted to obtain sodium phenolate solid; (2), enabling the synthesized sodium phenolate and phosphonitrilic chloride trimer to reflux and react until the content of the residual phosphonitrilic chloride trimer (in percentage by mass) is less than 0.5%, and ending the reaction; and (3), carrying out after-treatment, wherein the hexaphenoxy cyclotriphosphazene with moisture content of not more than 0.5Wt% is obtained through the after-treatment. According to the preparation method of the hexaphenoxy cyclotriphosphazene disclosed by the invention, phenol and sodium hydroxide solid are directly reacted under the protection of nitrogen gas by using toluene as a solvent, and the generated water is taken out by toluene without interruption, so that the reaction is complete; the sodium phenolate obtained by reaction is nearly white solid due to the protection of the nitrogen gas, and the hexaphenoxy cyclotriphosphazene obtained after subsequent synthesis and treatment is lighter in color, and is almost white powder with content not less than 99%, chlorine ion content not more than 200ppm and yield not less than 95%, so that the adding requirements of various flame retardant material enterprises can be satisfied.
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Paragraph 0030

(2017/02/23)

HIV INTEGRASE INHIBITORS
The present invention features compounds that are HIV integrase inhibitors and therefore are useful in the inhibition of HIV replication, the prevention and/or treatment of infection by HIV, and in the treatment of AIDS and/or ARC.
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(2015/09/22)

Highly active chromium-based selective ethylene tri-/tetramerization catalysts supported by PNPO phosphazane ligands
Novel Cr(iii) catalysts supported by PNPO phosphazane ligands of the type Ph2PN(R)P(Ph)OAr have been prepared, all of which, upon activation with MMAO-3A, are highly active in ethylene tri-/tetramerization with considerable selectivity. The effect of ligand substitution on the catalytic performance has been examined. The Cr precatalyst supported by the PNPO phosphazane ligand with an N-cyclohexyl achieved high activity of 316.7 kg (g Cr h-1)-1 and a high total selectivity of 85.1% towards valuable 1-hexene (45.7%) and 1-octene (39.4%) using chlorobenzene as the solvent at 35 bar and 40 °C. In methylcyclohexane, the precatalyst supported by [Ph2PN(iPr)P(Ph)OPh] exhibited a higher 1-octene selectivity (54.0%) with a considerable activity of 73.3 kg (g Cr h-1)-1 at 35 bar and 40°C. With the fine-tuned ligand backbone, such a PNPO phosphazane-based catalyst system provides a mode for precise understanding of the impact of ligand variations on catalytic performance.
Zhou, Yusheng,Wu, Hongfei,Xu, Sheng,Zhang, Xuejun,Shi, Min,Zhang, Jun
p. 9545 - 9550
(2015/06/16)

DESIGN, SYNTHESIS, AND BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF PLATINUM-BENZ[C]ACRIDINE HYBRID AGENTS AND METHODS ASSOCIATED THEREWITH
The present invention relates to the compounds of formula (I), pharmaceutically acceptable salts, and solvates thereof, wherein the various substituents are as defined herein. The compounds, solvates and salts thereof of Formula (I) are effective as anti-cancer compounds.
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Page/Page column 27; 28

(2015/11/10)

Synthesis of enantiomerically pure 3-aryloxy-2-hydroxypropanoic acids, intermediate products in the synthesis of cis-4-Aminochroman-3-ols
Oxidation of accessible (R)-3-chloropropane-1,2-diol to (R)-3-chloro-2-hydroxypropanoic acid and subsequent reaction of the latter with ortho-substituted sodium phenoxide gave a number of enantiomerically pure 3-aryloxy-2-hydroxypropanoic acid which are intermediate products in the synthesis of nonracemic 4-aminochroman-3-ols.
Bredikhina,Pashagin,Kurenkov,Bredikhin
p. 535 - 539
(2014/06/10)

Chemical shifts of phenolic monomers in solution and implications for addition and self-condensation
Alkali metal counter-cations alter the electron density of phenolates in solution by electrostatic interactions. This change in electron density affects their reactivity toward formaldehyde, hydroxymethylphenols, and isocyanates during polymerization. The electronic perturbation of phenolic model compounds in the presence of alkali metal hydroxides was investigated with 13C and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance in polar solvents relative to non-ionic controls, altering the chemical shifts of the model compounds, thus indicating changes in electron density using the chemical shift as a proxy. These shifts were attributed to Coulombic electrostatic interactions of the counter-cation with the phenolate anion that correlated to hydrated ionic radius and solvent dielectric constants. The predicted relative reaction rates for formaldehyde addition based on electron density ranking from 13C nuclear magnetic resonance of the phenolic models was compared with the literature values. Predictions for condensation reactions of 2- and 4-hydroxymethylphenol from chemical shifts were consistent with published results. The results permit predictions for the reaction of phenolic compounds for the formation of thermosetting polymeric materials. Copyright
Haupt, Robert A.,Renneckar, Scott
p. 95 - 101
(2013/03/14)

PYRIMIDINE DERIVATIVES FOR THE TREATMENT OF VIRAL INFECTIONS
This invention relates to pyrimidine derivatives, processes for their preparation, pharmaceutical compositions, and their use in treating viral infections such as HCV or HBV.
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Page/Page column 17

(2012/10/18)

Kinetics and mechanism of alkaline hydrolysis of Y-substituted phenyl phenyl carbonates
Second-order rate constants (kOH-) have been measured spectrophotometrically for alkaline hydrolysis of Y-substituted phenyl phenyl carbonates (2a-j) and compared with the kOH- values reported previously for the corresponding reactions of Y-substituted phenyl benzoates (1a-j). Carbonates 2a-j are 8 ～ 16 times more reactive than benzoates 1a-j. The Hammett plots correlated with σ- and σo constants exhibit many scattered points, while the Yukawa-Tsuno plot results in excellent linear correlation with ρ = 1.21 and r = 0.33. Thus, the reaction has been concluded to proceed through a concerted mechanism in which expulsion of the leaving group is advanced only a little. However, one cannot exclude a possibility that the current reaction proceeds through a forced concerted mechanism with a highly unstable intermediate.
Kim, Song-I,Hwang, So-Jeong,Jung, Eun-Mi,Um, Ik-Hwan
experimental part
p. 2015 - 2018
(2010/12/19)

Iridium-catalyzed kinetic asymmetric transformations of racemic allylic benzoates
Versatile methods for iridium-catalyzed, kinetic asymmetric substitution of racemic, branched allylic esters are reported. These reactions occur with a variety of aliphatic, aryl, and heteroaryl allylic benzoates to form the corresponding allylic substitution products in high yields (74-96%) with good to excellent enantioselectivity (84-98% ee) with a scope that encompasses a range of anionic carbon and heteroatom nucleophiles. These kinetic asymmetric processes occur with distinct stereochemical courses for racemic aliphatic and aromatic allylic benzoates, and the high reactivity of branched allylic benzoates enables enantioselective allylic substitutions that are slow or poorly selective with linear allylic electrophiles.
Stanley, Levi M.,Bai, Chen,Ueda, Mitsuhiro,Hartwig, John F.
supporting information; experimental part
p. 8918 - 8920
(2010/08/21)

Sigma-2 Receptor, Method of Screening of Specific Ligands and Use of the Same in Diagnostic or Therapeutic Methods
The present invention relates to the identification, isolation and characterization of the proteins forming the sigma-2 receptor. The invention further relates to the utilization of said proteins for preparing a screening for the sigma-2 receptor, as well as assay of specific candidate ligands to the use of the ligands for setting up diagnostic assays for tumour tissues and for preparing antitumour drugs. Lastly, the isolated proteins are utilized for producing anti-receptor antibodies, which likewise find employ in the diagnosis and therapeutic treatment of neoplasias.
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(2009/01/24)

IMIDATE COMPOUND AND USE THEREOF FOR PEST CONTROL
There is provided a compound having an excellent controlling effect on arthropod pests represented by the formula (I-1): wherein Z represents an optionally substituted carbocyclic group or an optionally substituted heterocyclic group; G represents a -A1-R1
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Page/Page column 215-217

(2009/03/07)

Mechanistic study of Protein Phosphatase-1 (PP1), a catalytically promiscuous enzyme
The reaction catalyzed by the protein phosphatase-1 (PP1) has been examined by linear free energy relationships and kinetic isotope effects. With the substrate 4-nitrophenyl phosphate (4NPP), the reaction exhibits a bell-shaped pH-rate profile for kcat/KM indicative of catalysis by both acidic and basic residues, with kinetic pKa values of 6.0 and 7.2. The enzymatic hydrolysis of a series of aryl monoester substrates yields a Bronsted βlg of -0.32, considerably less negative than that of the uncatalyzed hydrolysis of monoester dianions (-1.23). Kinetic isotope effects in the leaving group with the substrate 4NPP are 18(V/K)bridge = 1.0170 and 15(V/K) = 1.0010, which, compared against other enzymatic KIEs with and without general acid catalysis, are consistent with a loose transition state with partial neutralization of the leaving group. PP1 also efficiently catalyzes the hydrolysis of 4-nitrophenyl methylphosphonate (4NPMP). The enzymatic hydrolysis of a series of aryl methylphosphonate substrates yields a Bronsted βlg of -0.30, smaller than the alkaline hydrolysis (-0.69) and similar to the βlg measured for monoester substrates, indicative of similar transition states. The KIEs and the βlg data point to a transition state for the alkaline hydrolysis of 4NPMP that is similar to that of diesters with the same leaving group. For the enzymatic reaction of 4NPMP, the KIEs are indicative of a transition state that is somewhat looser than the alkaline hydrolysis reaction and similar to the PP1-catalyzed monoester reaction. The data cumulatively point to enzymatic transition states for aryl phosphate monoester and aryl methylphosphonate hydrolysis reactions that are much more similar to one another than the nonenzymatic hydrolysis reactions of the two substrates.
McWhirter, Claire,Lund, Elizabeth A.,Tanifum, Eric A.,Feng, Guoqiang,Sheikh, Qaiser I.,Hengge, Alvan C.,Williams, Nicholas H.
scheme or table
p. 13673 - 13682
(2009/02/06)

PHOSPHAZENE COMPOUND, LUBRICANT AND MAGNETIC RECORDING MEDIUM HAVING SUCH COMPOUND, METHOD OF PREPARATION, AND METHOD OF LUBRICATION
A compound of the formula: (I) is provided, where R is selected from CF3, F, and H, and m is an integer from 1 to 22. The compound may be prepared by reacting a first reactant with a second reactant in a solution, where the first reactant is a 2,4-dichloro-2,4,6,6- tetra(aryloxy)-1,3,5-triaza-2,4,6-triphosphorine, and the second reactant is a perfluoropolyether of the formula CF3CF2CF2O(CF2CF2CF2O)mCF2CF2CH2OH. The aryloxy is selected from 4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy (p -CF3-C6H4O), 4-fluorophenoxy (p-F-C6H4O), and phenoxy (C6H5O). The first reactant may be prepared by reacting 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexachloro-1,3,5-triaza-2,4,6-triphosphorine with a phenoxide. The compound may be used in a lubricant for lubricating a surface. The lubricant may be applied to a recording surface in a magnetic recording device including a recording medium.
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Page/Page column 10

(2008/06/13)

ANTI-INFECTIVE AGENTS AND METHODS OF USE
The present invention provides compounds and methods of using of the compounds as anti-infective agents. In a preferred embodiment, the present invention provides wherein R1 is not H when R2 is H and R2 is not H when R1 is H, further wherein R1 is CH(2n+1)O, wherein n is 1-10; wherein R2 is OH or CH(2n+1)O, wherein n is 1-10; and wherein A, B and R1, R2, R5, R6, and R7 are independently selected from a group consisting of H, alkyl and aryl groups and R11 is an alkyl or an aryl group.
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Page/Page column 11

(2008/06/13)

Tricyclic delta-opioid modulators
The invention is directed to delta opioid receptor modulators. More specifically, the invention relates to tricyclic δ-opioid modulators. Pharmaceutical and veterinary compositions and methods of treating mild to severe pain and various diseases using compounds of the invention are also described.
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Page/Page column 19

(2008/06/13)

BICYCLIC DERIVATIVES FOR THE TREATMENT OF ABNORMAL CELL GROWTH
The invention relates to substantially pure compounds of the formula (1): and to pharmaceutically acceptable salts, prodrugs and solvates thereof, wherein R1, R2, R3, R5, and X are as defined herein, and wherein the compound of formula (1) optionally further comprises a hydroxy substituent, an O-glucuronic acid, or an N->O (N-oxide) moiety. The invention also relates to methods of treating abnormal cell growth in mammals by administering the compounds of formula (1) and to pharmaceutical compositions for treating such disorders that contain the compounds of formula (1). The invention also relates to methods of preparing the compounds of formula (1).
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Page/Page column 35-36

(2008/06/13)

ANTISENSE MODULATION OF STEAROYL-COA DESATURASE EXPRESSION
Antisense compounds, compositions and methods are provided for modulating the expression of stearoyl-CoA desaturase. The compositions comprise antisense compounds, particularly antisense oligonucleotides, targeted to nucleic acids encoding stearoyl-CoA desaturase. Methods of using these compounds for modulation of stearoyl-CoA desaturase expression and for treatment of diseases associated with expression of stearoyl-CoA desaturase are provided.
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Page/Page column 90-91

(2010/02/10)

GLUCOPYRANOSYLOXY-SUBSTITUTED AROMATES, MEDICAMENTS CONTAINING SAID COMPOUNDS, THE USE THEREOF, AND METHODS FOR PRODUCING THE SAME
The invention relates to glucopyranosyloxy-substituted aromates of general formula (I), wherein R1 to R6 and R7a, R7b, R7c are defined according to patent claim 1. The invention also relates to the tautomers, stereoisomers, mixtures and salts of said aromates, especially the physiologically compatible salts comprising inorganic or organic acids and having valuable pharmacological properties, especially an inhibiting effect on the sodium-dependent glucose cotransporter SGLT2. The invention further relates to the treatment of diseases, especially metabolic diseases such as diabetes, and to the production of said compounds.
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Page/Page column 30-31

(2010/02/12)

Do electrostatic interactions with positively charged active site groups tighten the transition state for enzymatic phosphoryl transfer?
The effect of electrostatic interactions on the transition-state character for enzymatic phosphoryl transfer has been a subject of much debate. In this work, we investigate the transition state for alkaline phosphatase (AP) using linear free-energy relationships (LFERs). We determined fcat/K M for a series of aryl sulfate ester monoanions to obtain the Bronsted coefficient, βIg, and compared the value to that obtained previously for a series of aryl phosphorothioate ester dianion substrates. Despite the difference in substrate charge, the observed Bronsted coefficients for AP-catalyzed aryl sulfate and aryl phosphorothioate hydrolysis (-0.76 ± 0.14 and -0.77 ± 0.10, respectively) are strikingly similar, with steric effects being responsible for the uncertainties in these values. Aryl sulfates and aryl phosphates react via similar loose transition states in solution. These observations suggest an apparent equivalency of the transition states for phosphorothioate and sulfate hydrolysis reactions at the AP active site and, thus, negligible effects of active site electrostatic interactions on charge distribution in the transition state.
Nikolic-Hughes, Ivana,Rees, Douglas C.,Herschlag, Daniel
p. 11814 - 11819
(2007/10/03)

Ether substituted imidazopyridines
Imidazopyridine compounds that contain an ether or thioether functionality at the 1-position are useful as immune response modifiers. The compounds and compositions of the invention can induce the biosynthesis of various cytokines and are useful in the treatment of a variety of conditions including viral diseases and neoplastic diseases. Methods of preparing the compounds and intermediates useful in the preparation of the compounds are also disclosed.
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Page 62; 63; 64; 65; 68; 71; 74; 82; 87

(2010/02/05)

NITRO AND AMINO SUBSTITUTED TOPOISOMERASE AGENTS
The invention provides compounds of formula 1 : wherein R1-R9, W, and X have any of the meanings defined in the specification and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts. The invention also provides pharmaceutical compositions comprising a compound of formula 1, processes for preparing compounds of formula 1, intermediates useful for preparing compounds of formula 1, and therapeutic methods for treating cancer using compounds of formula 1.
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Page 28

(2010/02/06)

Nucleotide mimics and their prodrugs
The present invention relates to nucleoside diphosphate mimics and nucleoside triphosphate mimics, which contain diphosphate or triphosphate moiety mimics and optionally sugar-modifications and/or base-modifications. The nucleotide mimics of the present invention, in a form of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, a pharmaceutically acceptable prodrug, or a pharmaceutical formulation, are useful as antiviral, antimicrobial, and anticancer agents. The present invention provides a method for the treatment of viral infections, microbial infections, and proliferative disorders. The present invention also relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising the compounds of the present invention optionally in combination with other pharmaceutically active agents.
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Page 42

(2008/06/13)

PROCESS FOR THE RECOVERY OF PHENOL AND BIPHENOLS
A process is described for the recovery of phenol and biphenols from their homogeneous mixtures containing benzene, sulfolane and water, which is based on the use of an alkaline solution and benzene for the separation of biphenols from sulfolane, after removing the benzene, H2O and phenol contained in the reaction effluent. The process allows the recovery of phenol and biphenol by-products dissolved in sulfolane, directly obtaining the purified solvent containing the benzene necessary for the feeding to the reactor for the direct oxidation of benzene, as well as the biphenols dissolved in water and pure phenol.
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Page 4

(2008/06/13)

Process for the recovery of phenol and biphenols
A process is described for the recovery of phenol and biphenols from their homogeneous mixtures containing benzene, sulfolane and water, which is based on the use of an alkaline solution and benzene for the separation of biphenols from sulfolane, after removing the benzene, H2O and phenol contained in the reaction effluent. The process allows the recovery of phenol and biphenol by-products dissolved in sulfolane, directly obtaining the purified solvent containing the benzene necessary for the feeding to the reactor for the direct oxidation of benzene, as well as the biphenols dissolved in water and pure phenol.
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Page 5-6

(2008/06/13)

Process for producing phenoxyphosphazene compound, flame- retardant resin composition, and flame-retardant resin molding
The phenoxyphosphazene compound of the present invention is prepared by treating a phenoxyphosphazene compound with (a) at least one adsorbent selected from activated carbon, silica gel, activated alumina, activated clay, synthetic zeolite and macromolecular adsorbents, (b) at least one reagent selected from metal hydrides, hydrazine, hypochlorites, thiosulfates, dialkyl sulfuric acids, ortho esters, diazoalkanes, lactones, alkanesultones, epoxy compounds and hydrogen peroxide or (c) both the adsorbent and reagent. Incorporation of the phenoxyphosphazene compound prepared by the process of the invention into a synthetic resin achives the following advantages: the synthetic resin can be prevented from discoloration; when the resultant resin composition is stored for a long time, the properties of the synthetic resin, such as heat resistance, weatherability, resistance to discoloration and chemical resistance are not deteriorated; and the resin composition gives a resin composition molded article excellent in properties such as flame retardancy, thermal stability, and moldability.
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(2008/06/13)

Process for the preparation of phenyl (1,3,5-triazin-2-yl) carbamates
The present invention discloses a process for the preparation of phenyl (1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)carbamates of the formula (I)???wherein???R1is hydrogen atom, C1-C4alkyl or C1-C4alkoxy???R2and R3are independently hydrogen atom, halogen atom, C1-C4alkyl, C1-C4alkoxy, C1-C4alkylthio, C1-C4haloalkyl, C1-C4haloalkoxy, C1-C4haloalkylthio, C2-C4alkoxyalkyl or NR7R8???R7and R8are independently hydrogen atom or C1-C4alkyl???R4, R5and R6are independently hydrogen atom, halogen atom, C1-C4alkyl or C1-C4alkoxywhich comprises:reacting 2-amino-1,3,5-triazines of the formula (II)with diphenyl carbonates of the formula (III)???in the presence of alkali metal hydrides in aprotic polar solvents.
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Example 2

(2010/01/31)

Universal solid-phase approach for the immobilization, derivatization, and resin-to-resin transfer reactions of boronic acids
Boronic acid-containing molecules are employed in a broad range of biological, medicinal, and synthetic applications. These compounds, however, tend to be difficult to handle by solution-phase methods. Herein, this problem is addressed with the development of the first general solid-phase approach for the derivatization of functionalized boronic acids. This approach is based on the use of a diethanolamine resin anchor that facilitates boronic acid immobilization by avoiding the need for exhaustive removal of water in the esterification process. The immobilization of a wide variety of boronic acids onto N,N-diethanolaminomethyl polystyrene (DEAM-PS, 1) can be performed within minutes by simple stirring in anhydrous solvents at room temperature. Evidence for the formation of a bicyclic diethanolamine boronate with putative N-B coordination was shown by 1H NMR analysis of DEAM-PS-supported p-tolylboronic acid. The hydrolytic cleavage of the same model boronic acid from the DEAM-PS resin was studied by UV spectroscopy. Hydrolysis and attachment were shown to occur under a rapidly attained equilibrium, and a large excess of water (> 32 equiv) is required to effect a practically quantitative release of boronic acids from DEAM-PS. Despite their relative sensitivity to water and alcohols, DEAM-PS-bound arylboronic acids functionalized with a formyl, a bromomethyl, a carboxyl, or an amino group can be transformed in good to excellent yields into a wide variety of amines, amides, anilides, and ureas, respectively. Ugi multicomponent reactions on DEAM-PS-supported aminobenzeneboronic acids, derivatization of multifunctional arylboronic acids, and sequential reactions can also be carried out efficiently. These new DEAM-PS-supported arylboronic acids can be employed directly into resin-to-resin transfer reactions (RRTR). This type of multiresin process helps eliminate time-consuming cleavage and transfer operations, thereby considerably simplifying the outlook of combinatorial library synthesis by manual or automated means. This concept was illustrated by a set of optimized procedures for the Suzuki cross-coupling and the borono-Mannich reactions.
Gravel, Michael,Thompson, Kim A.,Zak, Mark,Berube, Christian,Hall, Dennis G.
p. 3 - 15
(2007/10/03)

Synthesis of polymeric diaryliodonium salts and its use in preparation of diaryl sulfides and diaryl ethers
Polymeric diaryliodonium salts were synthesized and applied to the preparation of diaryl ethers and diaryl sulfides under mild conditions. The byproduct, polyiodostyrene, could be recycled and reused.
Huang,Zhu,Xu
p. 2823 - 2828
(2007/10/03)

Kinetics and mechanism of alkaline hydrolysis of aryl carbazates
Hydrlysis of aryl carbazates (H2NNHCO2Ar with Ar=phenyl, 3- or 4-chlorophenyl, 3- or 4-nitrophenyl, 4-methylphenyl and 4-methoxyphenyl) and/or their 2- or 3-methyl derivatives in aqueous buffers or sodium hydroxide solutions gives phenolate and sodium carbazate. the kinetics and acidity constants and thermodynamic parameters are given.By analysing the pH profiles, the activation entropy, and effects of the substituent on the aromatic ring it was found that aryl carbazates containing a methyl group in the 2 position are hydrolysed by a BAc2 mechanism and the others by an E2cB mechanism.The pH profiles of nitrophenyl carbazates show a maximum.The rate of decarboxylation of carbazic acid decreases with increasing pH value.
Vlasak, Petr,Mindl, Jaromir
p. 1401 - 1404
(2007/10/03)

Cationic dyes, their production and use
A cationic dye (SK) comprising at least one quaternary ammonium group or protonated or protonizable tertiary amino group and at least one chromophoric radical, wherein the chromophoric radical is the radical of an optionally (pre)reduced sulphur dye, its precursor (SK1) containing a cationic group which is a secondary amino group of basic character, which is optionally protonated but does not contain an acid group in a substituent of this cationic group, or a mixture thereof and desolubilized derivatives thereof or of their non-quaternized and non-tertiary precursors, which in standardized form are usable as pigments.
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(2008/06/13)

Herbicidal carboxamide compounds
Compounds of the formula STR1 wherein n is 1 to 5 and the/each X is hydrogen, halogen, cyano, nitro, optionally substituted alkyl or alkoxy alkenyloxy, alkynyloxy, haloalkylthio, alkenylthio or alkynylthio; m is 0 or 1 to 3 and the/each Y is halogen, alkyl or haloalkyl; Z is oxygen or sulphur; and R1 and R2 each, independently, is hydrogen, alkyl optionally substituted by halogen, hydroxy, cyano, alkoxy, alkylthio, alkoxycarbonyl, or mono- or di-alkylamino, alkenyl, alkynyl, hydroxy, alkoxy, alkenyloxy, alkynyloxy, alkoxycarbonyl, amino, mono- or di-alkylamino, alkoxycarbonylamino, arylamino, dialkylcarbamoyl, cycloalkyl, or optionally substituted cycloalkylalkyl; or R1 and R2 together form an alkylene chain optionally interrupted by oxygen, sulphur or --NR--, R being hydrogen or alkyl; are herbicides.
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(2008/06/13)

Herbicidal carboxamide derivatives
Compounds of formula STR1 wherein Z is oxygen or sulphur; R1 is hydrogen, halogen, alkyl or haloalkyl; R2 is hydrogen, or alkyl; q is 0 or 1; R3 is hydrogen, alkyl or alkenyl; the or each X independently is halogen, optionally substituted alkyl or alkoxy, alkenyloxy, alkynyloxy, cyano, carboxy, alkoxycarbonyl, (alkylthio)carbonyl, alkylcarbonyl, amido, alkylamido, nitro, alkylthio, haloalkylthio, alkenylthio, alkynylthio, alkylsulphinyl, alkylsulphonyl, alkyloximinoalkyl or alkenyloximinoalkyl; n is 0 or an integer from 1 to 5; the or each Y independently is a halogen, alkyl, nitro, cyano, haloalkyl, alkoxy or haloalkoxy; and m is 0 or an integer from 1 to 5, their preparation and use as herbicides.
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(2008/06/13)

Free Radical Combination Reactions Involving Phenoxyl Radicals
The rates of phenoxyl radical reactions with the superoxide anion radical, O2.-, a peroxyl radical, HOC(CH3)2CH2OO., and an alkyl radical, HOC(CH3)2CH2., in aqueous solution have been measured for 15 different phenoxyl radicals by means of pulse radiolysis.In addition, the one-electron reduction potentials of 10 phenoxyl radicals have been determined.The fraction of electron transfer in the reaction of phenoxyl radicals with O2.- was determined by analysis of γ-irradiated samples.The experimental data can be accommodated by the Marcus theory for electron transfer, with the reorganization energy λ0 = 155 kJ/mol for the reaction between O2.- and phenoxyl radicals.
Jonsson, M.,Lind, J.,Reitberger, T.,Eriksen, T. E.,Merenyi, G.
p. 8229 - 8233
(2007/10/02)

Herbicidal carboxamide derivatives
Compounds of formula wherein, Z is oxygen or sulphur;, R1 is hydrogen, halogen, alkyl or haloalkyl;, R2 is hydrogen, or alkyl;, q is 0 or 1;, R3 is hydrogen, alkyl or alkenyl;, the or each X independently is halogen, optionally substituted alkyl or alkoxy, alkenyloxy, alkynyloxy, cyano, carboxy, alkoxycarbonyl, (alkylthio)carbonyl, alkylcarbonyl, amido, alkylamido, nitro, alkylthio, haloalkylthio, alkenylthio, alkynylthio, alkylsulphinyl, alkylsulphonyl, alkyloximinoalkyl or alkenyloximinoalkyl;, n is 0 or an integer from 1 to 5;, the or each Y independently is a halogen, alkyl, nitro, cyano, haloalkyl, alkoxy or haloalkoxy; and m is 0 or an integer from 1 to 5, their preparation and use as herbicides.
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(2008/06/13)

Aryloxymethyl derivatives of nitrogenous heterocyclic methanols and ethers thereof
Novel heterocyclicmethanols are disclosed having the formula: STR1 wherein Z is pyrrolidinyl, piperidinyl, homopiperidinyl or pyridinyl; R1 is hydrogen, loweralkyl or carbethoxymethyl; R2 is hydrogen, loweralkyl, cycloalkyl, phenyl or phenyl-loweralkyl; R3 is 1 or 2-naphthalenyl, 2,3-dihydroinden-4 or 5-yl, phenyl or phenyl substituted by loweralkyl, loweralkoxy, halogen, trifluoromethyl, phenyl, methylenedioxy, nitro, amino, loweralkylamino, diloweralkylamino, loweracylamino; the 1-position of 2-pyrrolidinyl, 2-piperidinyl or 2-homopiperidinyl may be substituted by an R4 loweralkyl group, or R1 may form methylene or --CH2 -C(O)-bridges with R4 ; the pharmaceutically acceptable salts and diastereomers thereof, which compounds have antiarrhythmic and/or hypotensive activity in animals.
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(2008/06/13)

Process for the preparation of alkylthioalkanoate salts
A process for the preparation of alkylthioalkanoate salts by reaction of an alkali metal alkylmercaptide with a lactone in the presence of an aprotic polar organic solvent. Preferably, the alkali metal mercaptide is prepared by reaction of an alkylmercaptan and an alkali metal phenate.
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(2008/06/13)

Complexes of 18-crown-6 macrocyclic ethers obtained from ethereal solvents. Complexes of potassium and sodium salts with host:guest ratios 1:2 and 1:3
This paper describes the synthesis, in ethereal solvents, the complexes of 18-crown-6, the cis-syn-cis and the cis-anti-cis isomers of dicyclohexano-18-crown-6, and dibenzo-18-crown-6 with the potassium and sodium salts of phenoxide and thiocyanate (as well as some potassium oximate salts).In general, the macrocycles break down the aggregates of the potassium salts so that the complexes of the contact ion pairs are isolated.The complex of the cis-anti-cis isomer of dicyclohexano-18-crown-6, howewer, which has a low stability constant, complexes the dimer of potassium phenoxide to give a complex with a 1:2 host guest ratio.This appears to be the first example of a 1:2 host:guest ratio of potassium salt with an 18-crown-6 macrocycle.There is a greater tendency for the complexes of sodium salts to have a host:guest ratios less than 1:1.Thus, 18-crown-6 gives complexes with sodium phenoxide and sodium thiocyanate which have 1:3 and 1:2 host:guest ratios, respectively.Host:guest ratios of 1:2 are also obtained for the two above-mentioned isomers of dicyclohexano-18-crown-6 and for dibenzo-18-crown-6 with sodium phenoxide.Sodium thiocyanate gives complexes with either 1:1 or 1:2 host:guest ratios depending on the macrocycle.With dibenzo-18-crown-6, sodium thiocyanate gives a 1:1 complex in which one molecule of the solvent used is incorporated into the complex.The infrared and ultraviolet spectra of the complexes are discussed.
Rodrigue, Andre,Bovenkamp, John W.,Lacroix, Benoit V.,Bannard, Robert A. B.,Buchanan, Gerald W.
p. 808 - 815
(2007/10/02)

Basic Hydrolysis of Some Alkyl and Phenyl N-Aryl-N-methylcarbamates.
Rate constants for the basic hydrolysis of methyl, ethyl and phenyl N-aryl-N-methylcarbamates in the presence and absence of micelles of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide are reported.Hammett plots for the methyl aand ethyl carbamates were curved, and this is explained by consideration of the competition between C-N and C-OR bond breaking for decomposition of the tetrahedral intermediate.In one case (p-nitro-substituted), rate-determining formation of the tetrahedral intermediate is suggested, whereas for other compounds rate-determining C-N bond breaking or C-OR bond bre aking is proposed.Micellar catalysis for each of the reactions is reported, and large catalysis (x 50) was observed for compounds where C-N bond breaking was kinetically significant.This is compared with results in the literature for amide and ester hydrolysis.Whereas, for ester hydrolysis, loss of alkoxide ion from the tetrahedral intermediate is favoured over loss of hydroxide ion, in carbamate hydrolysis, loss of hydroxide ions is favoured.A possible reason for this reversal of nucleofugicity of OH- and OR- is proposed.
Broxton, Trevor J.
p. 2203 - 2209
(2007/10/02)

Benzylidene-camphors, processes for their preparation and cosmetic compositions containing them
The invention provides compounds which are particularly valuable for use as the active ingredient in sun tan lotions and creams and the like. These compounds have the general formula: STR1 in which Y denotes hydrogen or the radical SO3 H or a salt thereof with an organic or inorganic base, and Z denotes the radical --CH2 Br or --CHBrBr or a radical Z' which denotes the radical --CH2 I, --CH2 R, --CHR'R', --CHO or --COOR", in which R denotes --NR1 R2, --N+ R1 R2 R3, --OR4, --OCOR5, --SR6, --CN, -COOR" or --SSO3 Na, in which R1 and R2 independently denote hydrogen, C1-18 alkyl or hydroxyalkyl, or R1 and R2, together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, denote a heterocyclic ring, R3 denotes C1-4 alkyl or hydroxyalkyl or sulphonatopropyl, R4 denotes hydrogen, alkyl, polyoxyethylene, aryl which is optionally substituted, menthyl or dialkylaminoalkyl, R5 denotes alkyl, alkenyl, aryl or a 5 or 6 membered heterocyclic ring which is optionally aromatic, and R6 denotes hydrogen, alkyl, carboxyalkyl, aminoalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, aryl or 3-alanyl, R' denotes --OR'4 or --SR'6, in which R'4 and R'6 are as defined under R4 and R6, respectively, except for hydrogen, polyoxyethylene, hydroxyalkyl, 3-alanyl and aryl, and R" denotes hydrogen or alkyl, such that when R denotes N+ R1 R2 R3, R1 and R2 are not hydrogen and either R3 denotes sulphonatopropyl, or the compound is in the form of a salt with an anion, which is SO4 alkyl, SO3 aryl, SO3 alkyl or halogen or an inorganic or organic acid addition salt thereof when R denotes --NR1 R2.
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(2008/06/13)