- Chemical modifications of resveratrol for improved protein kinase C alpha activity
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Resveratrol (1) is a naturally occurring phytoalexin that affects a variety of human disease models, including cardio- and neuroprotection, immune regulation, and cancer chemoprevention. One of the possible mechanisms by which resveratrol affects these disease states is by affecting the cellular signaling network involving protein kinase C alpha (PKCα). PKCα is a member of the family of serine/threonine kinases, whose activity is inhibited by resveratrol. To study the structure-activity relationship, several monoalkoxy, dialkoxy and hydroxy analogs of resveratrol have been synthesized, tested for their cytotoxic effects on HEK293 cells, measured their effects on the membrane translocation properties of PKCα in the presence and absence of the PKC activator TPA, and studied their binding with the activator binding domain of PKCα. The analogs showed less cytotoxic effects on HEK293 cells and caused higher membrane translocation (activation) than that of resveratrol. Among all the analogs, 3, 16 and 25 showed significantly higher activation than resveratrol. Resveratrol analogs, however, inhibited phorbol ester-induced membrane translocation, and the inhibition was less than that of resveratrol. Binding studies using steady state fluorescence spectroscopy indicated that resveratrol and the analogs bind to the second cysteine-rich domain of PKCα. The molecular docking studies indicated that resveratrol and the analogs interact with the protein by forming hydrogen bonds through its hydroxyl groups. These results signify that molecules developed on a resveratrol scaffold can attenuate PKCα activity and this strategy can be used to regulate various disease states involving PKCα.
- Das, Joydip,Pany, Satyabrata,Majhi, Anjoy
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experimental part
p. 5321 - 5333
(2011/10/13)
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- Synthesis of resveratrol, DMU-212 and analogues through a novel Wittig-type olefination promoted by nickel nanoparticles
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A novel synthesis of resveratrol, DMU-212 and analogues is presented using benzyl alcohols as phosphorus ylide partners in a one-pot Wittig-type olefination reaction promoted by nickel nanoparticles.
- Alonso, Francisco,Riente, Paola,Yus, Miguel
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body text
p. 3070 - 3073
(2009/10/04)
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- Wittig-type olefination of alcohols promoted by nickel nanoparticles: Synthesis of polymethoxylated and polyhydroxylated stilbenes
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Nickel nanoparticles were found to promote the Wittig-type olefination of primary alcohols with phosphorus ylides. The latter can be prepared from the corresponding phosphonium salts with TiBuLi or in situ generated with lithium metal. The methodology is especially efficient for the synthesis of stilbenes and is applied in the absence of any additive as a hydrogen acceptor. A new approach, to the synthesis of polymethoxylated and polyhydroxylated stilbenes, including resveratrol, DMU-212 and analogues, is presented.
- Alonso, Francisco,Riente, Paola,Yus, Miguel
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supporting information; experimental part
p. 6034 - 6042
(2010/02/28)
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- STILBENE DERIVATIVES AND THEIR USE IN MEDICAMENTS
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The invention relates to stilbene derivatives of general formula (I), in which at least four of the substituents R1 to R6 do not represent hydrogen. The substituents are effective radical captors, anti-tumour active ingredients and s
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Page/Page column 7; 8
(2008/06/13)
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- Resveratrol analogues as selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors: Synthesis and structure-activity relationship
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A series of hydroxylated and methoxylated trans-stilbenes were synthesized and evaluated for their ability to inhibit COX-1 and COX-2. Some of the hydroxylated derivatives are highly selective COX-2 inhibitor with potency comparable or better than clinically established drugs. Resveratrol (3,5,4′-trihydroxy-trans-stilbene) is found in grapes and various medical plants. Among cytotoxic, antifungal, antibacterial cardioprotective activity resveratrol also demonstrates non-selective cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibition. In order to find more selective COX-2 inhibitors a series of methoxylated and hydroxylated resveratrol derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for their ability to inhibit both enzymes using in vitro inhibition assays for COX-1 and COX-2 by measuring PGE2 production. Hydroxylated but not methoxylated resveratrol derivatives showed a high rate of inhibition. The most potent resveratrol compounds were 3,3′,4′,5-tetra-trans-hydroxystilbene (COX-1: IC50 = 4.713, COX-2: IC50 = 0.0113 μM, selectivity index = 417.08) and 3,3′,4,4′,5,5′-hexa-hydroxy-trans-stilbene (COX-1: IC 50 = 0.748, COX-2: IC50 = 0.00104 μM, selectivity index = 719.23). Their selectivity index was in part higher than celecoxib, a selective COX-2 inhibitor already established on the market (COX-1: IC 50 = 19.026, COX-2: IC50 = 0.03482 μM, selectivity index = 546.41). Effect of structural parameters on COX-2 inhibition was evaluated by quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) analysis and a high correlation was found with the topological surface area TPSA (r = 0.93). Docking studies on both COX-1 and COX-2 protein structures also revealed that hydroxylated but not methoxylated resveratrol analogues are able to bind to the previously identified binding sites of the enzymes. Hydroxylated resveratrol analogues therefore represent a novel class of highly selective COX-2 inhibitors and promising candidates for in vivo studies.
- Murias, Marek,Handler, Norbert,Erker, Thomas,Pleban, Karin,Ecker, Gerhard,Saiko, Philipp,Szekeres, Thomas,J?ger, Walter
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p. 5571 - 5578
(2007/10/03)
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- Novel resveratrol analogs
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This invention relates to novel resveratrol analogs of the formula given below; wherein R, R1, R2 and R3 are: 1. R=OH, R1=R2=R3=H; 2. R=OH, R1=Br, R2=R3=H;
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- NOVEL RESVERATROL ANALOGS
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This invention relates to novel resveratrol analogs of the formula given below; wherein R, R1, R2 and R3 are: 1. R=OH, R1=R2=R3=H; 2. R=0H, R1=Br, R2=R3=H;
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Page 4; 7 - 8
(2010/02/06)
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