- Ceramic boron carbonitrides for unlocking organic halides with visible light
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Photochemistry provides a sustainable pathway for organic transformations by inducing radical intermediates from substrates through electron transfer process. However, progress is limited by heterogeneous photocatalysts that are required to be efficient, stable, and inexpensive for long-term operation with easy recyclability and product separation. Here, we report that boron carbonitride (BCN) ceramics are such a system and can reduce organic halides, including (het)aryl and alkyl halides, with visible light irradiation. Cross-coupling of halides to afford new C-H, C-C, and C-S bonds can proceed at ambient reaction conditions. Hydrogen, (het)aryl, and sulfonyl groups were introduced into the arenes and heteroarenes at the designed positions by means of mesolytic C-X (carbon-halogen) bond cleavage in the absence of any metal-based catalysts or ligands. BCN can be used not only for half reactions, like reduction reactions with a sacrificial agent, but also redox reactions through oxidative and reductive interfacial electron transfer. The BCN photocatalyst shows tolerance to different substituents and conserved activity after five recycles. The apparent metal-free system opens new opportunities for a wide range of organic catalysts using light energy and sustainable materials, which are metal-free, inexpensive and stable. This journal is
- Yuan, Tao,Zheng, Meifang,Antonietti, Markus,Wang, Xinchen
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p. 6323 - 6332
(2021/05/19)
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- Mo(VI) complex catalysed synthesis of sulfonees and their modification for anti-HIV activities
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An efficient method for the synthesis of sulfones has been developed using sugar derived cis-dioxo molybdenum(VI) complex as catalyst and urea hydrogen peroxide as oxygen source. Present method is highly specific for sulfide oxidation irrespective of presence of alkene and aldehyde groups in the same molecule. Synthesis of fifteen sulfones have been reported with 82–98% isolated yields and the catalyst has been reused five times without any loss in its activity. 2-(Phenylsulfonyl)aniline has been condensed with eight different aromatic aldehydes and the products are being explored for HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibition activities.
- Madduluri, Vimal Kumar,Baig, Noorullah,Chander, Subhash,Murugesan, Sankaranarayanan,Sah, Ajay K.
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- Hantzsch Ester as a Visible-Light Photoredox Catalyst for Transition-Metal-Free Coupling of Arylhalides and Arylsulfinates
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Diethyl 2,6-dimethyl-1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylate (HEH) has been utilized as a visible-light photoredox catalyst for the cross coupling of arylhalides and arylsulfinates without transition metal, sacrificial agent, and mediator. This method is compatible with various functional groups and provides diaryl sulfones in good to high yields. Mechanistic studies indicate that this reaction undergoes the stepwise light irradiation of HE?, single electron transfer (SET) in donor–acceptor complex (DAC) from *HE? to arylhalide, trapping of aryl radical with sulfinate, and SET oxidation of sulfone radical anion by HE. to sulfone by the DAC method.
- Zhu, Da-Liang,Wu, Qi,Li, Hai-Yan,Li, Hong-Xi,Lang, Jian-Ping
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supporting information
p. 3484 - 3488
(2020/03/05)
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- Nickel-Catalyzed Synthesis of Diaryl Sulfones from Aryl Halides and Sodium Sulfinates
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A novel nickel-catalyzed cross-coupling of sulfinic acid salts with aryl halides is described. The reaction provides access to various diaryl sulfones in moderate to excellent yields. A broad range of functional groups and heteroaromatic compounds is tolerated under the reaction conditions.
- Liu, Nai-Wei,Liang, Shuai,Margraf, Natalie,Shaaban, Saad,Luciano, Vanessa,Drost, Marcella,Manolikakes, Georg
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supporting information
p. 1208 - 1210
(2018/03/21)
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- Engaging sulfinate salts via Ni/photoredox dual catalysis enables facile Csp2-SO2R coupling
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This report details the development and implementation of a strategy to construct aryl- and heteroaryl sulfones via Ni/photoredox dual catalysis. Using aryl sulfinate salts, the C-S bond can be forged at room temperature under base-free conditions. An array of aryl- and heteroaryl halides are compatible with this approach. The broad tolerance and mild nature of the described reaction could potentially be employed to prepare sulfones with biological relevance (e.g., in bioconjugation, drug substance synthesis, etc.) as demonstrated in the synthesis of drug-like compounds or their precursors. When paired with existing Ni/photoredox chemistry for Csp3-Csp2 cross-coupling, an array of diverse sulfone scaffolds can be readily assembled from bifunctional electrophiles. A mechanistic manifold consistent with experimental and computational data is presented.
- Cabrera-Afonso, María Jesús,Lu, Zhi-Peng,Kelly, Christopher B.,Lang, Simon B.,Dykstra, Ryan,Gutierrez, Osvaldo,Molander, Gary A.
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p. 3186 - 3191
(2018/03/30)
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- Visible-Light Photoredox/Nickel Dual Catalysis for the Cross-Coupling of Sulfinic Acid Salts with Aryl Iodides
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An efficient cross-coupling of sodium or lithium sulfinates with aryl iodides, using a combination of nickel and photoredox catalysis, is described. The dual catalyst system enables a versatile synthesis of aryl sulfones at room temperature in good yields and displays a broad functional group compatibility. The potential utility of this method in the late-stage diversification of complex molecules and in the conversion of organolithium reagents and sulfur dioxide into sulfones is demonstrated.
- Liu, Nai-Wei,Hofman, Kamil,Herbert, André,Manolikakes, Georg
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supporting information
p. 760 - 763
(2018/02/09)
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- Derivative of tetra-substituted pyrrolo [3,2-b] pyrrole and organic electroluminescence device based on same
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The invention provides a derivative of 2,5-substituted 1,4-di(4-tert-butyl-phenyl) pyrrolo [3,2-b] pyrrole, and application of the derivative. The derivative has the following structural formula as shown in the specification; in the formula, R represents
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Paragraph 0039; 0040
(2017/05/18)
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- An efficient Cu-catalyzed microwave-assisted synthesis of diaryl sulfones
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An efficient and microwave-assisted simple protocol for the synthesis of symmetrical/asymmetrical diaryl sulfones through the Cu(II)-catalyzed reaction of sodium salt of sulfinic acid with aryl boronic acid has been described. Various diaryl sulfones have been synthesized in very short reaction times with moderate to very good yields. Additionally, the method is also useful for the synthesis of aryl vinyl sulfones.
- Nandi, Ganesh C.
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supporting information
p. 319 - 323
(2017/02/10)
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- OXACAZONE COMPOUNDS TO TREAT CLOSTRIDIUM DIFFICILE
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Compounds, compositions, and methods for treating C. difficile are provided.
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Page/Page column 110
(2016/04/04)
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- First palladium-catalyzed denitrated coupling of nitroarenes with sulfinates
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The first example of palladium-catalyzed protocol for the denitrated coupling of nitroarenes with sulfinates was developed, achieving aryl and heterocyclic sulfones in moderate to excellent yields. The cyclopalladated ferrocenylimine (I) exhibited highly catalytic activity for this transformation with low catalyst loading (0.75 mol %). The efficiency of this reaction was demonstrated by compatibility with a wide range of groups. Thus, the method represents a simple and facile procedure to access aryl and heterocyclic sulfones.
- Tian, Heng,Cao, Aijuan,Qiao, Lijun,Yu, Ajuan,Chang, Junbiao,Wu, Yangjie
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p. 9107 - 9112
(2015/03/05)
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- New CRTH2 Antagonists
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The present invention relates to a compound of formula (I), to the process for preparing such compounds and to their use in the treatment of a pathological condition or disease susceptible to amelioration by CRTh2 antagonist activity.
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Page/Page column 40
(2012/12/13)
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- A mild and efficient synthesis of aryl sulfones from aryl chlorides and sulfinic acid salts using microwave heating
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The CuCl-catalyzed coupling of aryl chlorides and sulfinic acid salts provides a simple and extremely efficient route to unsymmetrical aryl sulfones in high to excellent yields under microwave irradiation within 3-30 minutes. Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart · New York.
- Yuan, Yan-Qin,Guo, Sheng-Rong
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supporting information; experimental part
p. 2750 - 2756
(2011/12/04)
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- NAPHTHYLACETIC ACIDS
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The invention is concerned with the compounds of formula (I) and pharmaceutically acceptable salts and esters thereof, wherein X, Q, and R1-R6 are defined in the detailed description and claims. In addition, the present invention relates to methods of manufacturing and using the compounds of formula (I) as well as pharmaceutical compositions containing such compounds. The compounds of formula (I) are antagonists or partial agonists at the CRTH2 receptor and may be useful in treating diseases and disorders associated with that receptor such as asthma.
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Page/Page column 90-91
(2010/06/15)
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- Non-basic ligands for aminergic GPCRs: The discovery and development diaryl sulfones as selective, orally bioavailable 5-HT2A receptor antagonists for the treatment of sleep disorders
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Scaffold hopping from a non-basic series of 5-HT2A receptor antagonists developed in-house that possessed reduced activity in vivo enabled the discovery of a novel series of diaryl sulfones that gave excellent occupancy on oral dosing. Not only does this work further demonstrate that oral bioavailability of a given series can be enhanced by improving physicochemical parameters such as log P, but it corroborates the growing evidence that a protonated amine is not essential for affinity at aminergic GPCRs.
- Ladduwahetty, Tammy,Gilligan, Myra,Humphries, Alexander,Merchant, Kevin J.,Fish, Rebecca,McAlister, George,Ivarsson, Magnus,Dominguez, Maria,O'Connor, Desmond,MacLeod, Angus M.
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scheme or table
p. 3708 - 3712
(2010/09/18)
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- POLYCYCLIC COMPOUNDS WHICH MODULATE THE CB2 RECEPTOR
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Compounds of formula (I) are disclosed. Compounds according to the invention are agonists, antagonists or inverse agonists of the CB2 receptor, and are useful for treating inflammation. Those compounds which are agonists are additionally useful for treati
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Page/Page column 22
(2008/12/05)
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- COMPOUNDS WHICH MODULATE THE CB2 RECEPTOR
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Compounds are provided which bind to and are agonists, antagonists or inverse agonists of the CB2 receptor, the compounds having the general formula (I) wherein R1, R2, R3, X and Ar have the meanings given in the specifica
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Page/Page column 12-13
(2008/06/13)
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- DIARYLSULFONES AS 5-HT2A ANTAGONISTS
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Compounds of formula (I) are potent and selective antagonists of the human 5-HT2A receptor, and hence useful in treatment of a variety of adverse conditions of the CNS.
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Page/Page column 58
(2008/06/13)
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- (Aryloxy)aryl semicarbazones and related compounds: A novel class of anticonvulsant agents possessing high activity in the maximal electroshock screen
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A number of (aryloxy)aryl semicarbazones and related compounds were synthesized and evaluated far anticonvulsant activities. After intraperitoneal injection to mice, the semicarbazones were examined in the maximal electroshock (MES), subcutaneous pentylenetetrazole (scPTZ), and neurotoxicity (NT) screens. The results indicated that greater protection was obtained in the MES test than the scPTZ screen. Quantitation of approximately one-third of the compounds revealed an average protection index (PI, i.e. TD50/ED50) of approximately 9. After oral administration to rats, a number of compounds displayed significant potencies in the MES screen (ED50 of 1-5 mg/kg) accompanied by very high protection indices. In fact over half the compounds had PI figures of greater than 100, and two were in excess of 300. The compounds were essentially inactive in the scPTZ and NT screens after oral administration to rats. Various compounds displayed greater potencies and PI figures in the mouse intraperitoneal and rat oral screens than three reference clinically used drugs. The data generated supported a binding site hypothesis. Quantitative structure-activity relationships indicated a number of physicochemical parameters which contributed to activity in the MES screen. X-ray crystallography of five compounds suggested the importance of certain interatomic distances and bond angles for activity in the mouse and rat MES screens.
- Dimmock, Jonathan R.,Puthucode, Ramanan N.,Smith, Jennifer M.,Hetherington, Mark,Quail, J. Wilson,Pugazhenthi, Uma,Lechler, Terry,Stables, James P.
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p. 3984 - 3997
(2007/10/03)
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- Quinone Dehydrogenation. Oxidation of Benzylic Alcohols with 2,3-Dichloro-5,6-dicyanobenzoquinone
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2,3-Dichloro-5,6-dicyanobenzoquinone (DDQ) reacts with primary and secondary aryl-substituted alcohols under mild conditions in dioxane solution to give the corresponding carbonyl compounds in high yields.In contrast to other oxidants, DDQ can be applied advantageously for the oxidation of hydroxyaryl-substituted alcohols.A mechanism involving participation of the phenolic hydroxyl group in the dehydrogenation reaction is discussed.Oxidations of hydroxyaryl-substituted alcohols by DDQ in methanolsolution resulting in the formation of benzoquinones by loss of the hydroxyaryl side chain are interpreted in terms of phenol oxidation.An example of a pyridine-catalyzed Smiles rearrangement of an o-hydroxy-substituted diphenyl ether is reported.
- Becker, Hans-Dieter,Bjoerk, Anders,Adler, Erich
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p. 1596 - 1600
(2007/10/02)
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