- Removal of 3,4-dichlorobut-1-ene using ozone oxidation
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The efficiency of ozone oxidation in the removal of 3,4-dichlorobut-1-ene (3,4 DCB), a contaminant often present in the aqueous effluents generated by synthetic rubber processes, was studied. Ozone oxidation removed 3,4 DCB completely from the model solutions with initial concentrations ranging from 4 to 64 mg/l over a maximum ozonation time of 7 min. The complete oxidation of 3,4 DCB was mainly due to the direct reaction with ozone molecules at acidic and neutral pH. At alkaline pH ozone oxidation only reduced the 3,4 DCB concentration by 61% over 15 min of ozonation. Methanol used in preparing the 3,4 DCB solutions did not affect the ozone oxidation rate. Ozone oxidation of a 3,4 DCB/methanol solution with an initial 3,4 DCB concentration of 120 mg/l reduced 95% of the 3,4 DCB concentration but only 4% of the Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) in the solution. The high COD value in the ozonated solution was probably due to the presence of methanol. Ozone degraded 3,4 DCB and chloroprene (CD) in the effluent samples from a synthetic rubber processing plant and resulted in the maximal reduction of the COD by 45%. The efficiency of ozone oxidation in the removal of 3,4-dichlorobut-1-ene (3,4 DCB), a contaminant often present in the aqueous effluents generated by synthetic rubber processes, was studied. Ozone oxidation removed 3,4 DCB completely from the model solutions with initial concentrations ranging from 4 to 64 mg/l over a maximum ozonation time of 7 min. The complete oxidation of 3,4 DCB was mainly due to the direct reaction with ozone molecules at acidic and neutral pH. At alkaline pH ozone oxidation only reduced the 3,4 DCB concentration by 61% over 15 min of ozonation. Methanol used in preparing the 3,4 DCB solutions did not affect the ozone oxidation rate. Ozone oxidation of a 3,4 DCB/methanol solution with an initial 3,4 DCB concentration of 120 mg/l reduced 95% of the 3,4 DCB concentration but only 4% of the Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) in the solution. The high COD value in the ozonated solution was probably due to the presence of methanol. Ozone degraded 3,4 DCB and chloroprene (CD) in the effluent samples from a synthetic rubber processing plant and resulted in the maximal reduction of the COD by 45%. Copyright (C) 2000.
- Alborzfar, Maryam,Escande, Karine,Allen, Stephen J.
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- REACTION OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS WITH THE SF4-HF-HALOGENATING AGENT SYSTEM. X. REACTIONS OF ALKANES AND HALOALKANES WITH THE SF4-HF-Cl2 SYSTEM
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In the reaction of the SF4-HF-Cl2 system with alkanes and haloalkanes there are formed chlorofluoroalkanes with both linear and iso-structure.As the result of the electrophilic attack on the sp3-hybridized carbon atom of the C-H bond by a halogen cation, a pentacoordinated carbonium ion is formed with various modes of stabilization, depending on the structure of the starting haloalkane.
- Kunshenko, B. V.,Ostanin, Yu. A.,Yagupol'skii, L. M.
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p. 1603 - 1610
(2007/10/02)
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- Involvement of Neighboring Chlorine in the Exchange Reactions of Iodine Monochloride and Vicinal Organic Iodochlorides
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The reaction of vicinal organic iodochlorides and ICl in CCl4 at 25 deg C forms vicinal organic dichlorides and iodine.The rate law for this exchange reaction of ICl and 2-chloro-3-iodo-2,3-dimethylbutane is overall third order: second order in ICl and first order in iodochloride with a value of k3 = 7.2 +/- 0.9 M-2s-1.Stereospecific exchange occurs in the reaction ICl and erythro- and threo-2-chloro-3-iodobutane.Thus the erythro isomer forms only meso-2,3-dichlorobutane while the threo isomers form only the dl dichloride.Nonstereospecific exchange occurs in the reaction of ICl and erythro- and threo-1-chloro-2-iodo-1-phenylpropane.The data support a mechanism involving a cationic intermediate.In addition, the chlorine atom is involved in the reaction prior to the product-determining step.
- Schmid, George H.,Gordon, James W.
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p. 4010 - 4013
(2007/10/02)
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