- A Chromium Hydroxide/MIL-101(Cr) MOF Composite Catalyst and Its Use for the Selective Isomerization of Glucose to Fructose
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A metal–organic framework (MOF)-based catalyst, chromium hydroxide/MIL-101(Cr), was prepared by a one-pot synthesis method. The combination of chromium hydroxide particles on and within Lewis acidic MIL-101 accomplishes highly selective conversion of gluc
- Guo, Qiang,Ren, Limin,Kumar, Prashant,Cybulskis, Viktor J.,Mkhoyan, K. Andre,Davis, Mark E.,Tsapatsis, Michael
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supporting information
p. 4926 - 4930
(2018/03/27)
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- Pillared Sn-MWW Prepared by a Solid-State-Exchange Method and its Use as a Lewis Acid Catalyst
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Pillared Sn-MWW (Sn-MWW(SP)-SSE) was prepared through a solid-state-exchange (SSE) route. The pillared structure was inherited from pillared B-MWW, and Sn was inserted in the framework by boron leaching and solid-state-exchange with tin tetrachloride pentahydrate. The Sn-MWW(SP)-SSE with framework Sn sites exhibits Lewis acidity and good catalytic performance for the Baeyer-Villiger oxidation, and mono- and disaccharide isomerizations.
- Ren, Limin,Guo, Qiang,Orazov, Marat,Xu, Dandan,Politi, Dorothea,Kumar, Prashant,Alhassan, Saeed M.,Mkhoyan, K. Andre,Sidiras, Dimitrios,Davis, Mark E.,Tsapatsis, Michael
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p. 1274 - 1278
(2016/04/20)
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- METHOD OF PREPARING FURFURAL COMPOUNDS
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Provided is a two-step method of producing a compound of chemical formula 1 in the presence of an alcohol solvent and a Group 3B metal catalyst or a salt thereof, comprising a first step comprising alkylation or isomerization of an aldohexose-containing substrate to obtain an intermediate, and a second step comprising dehydration of the intermediate to produce a compound of chemical formula 1. Preferably, additional solvent and/or catalyst are not added in the second step.
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Paragraph 0064
(2014/05/20)
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- Efficient isomerization of glucose to fructose over zeolites in consecutive reactions in alcohol and aqueous media
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Isomerization reactions of glucose were catalyzed by different types of commercial zeolites in methanol and water in two reaction steps. The most active catalyst was zeolite Y, which was found to be more active than the zeolites beta, ZSM-5, and mordenite. The novel reaction pathway involves glucose isomerization to fructose and subsequent reaction with methanol to form methyl fructoside (step 1), followed by hydrolysis to re-form fructose after water addition (step 2). NMR analysis with 13C-labeled sugars confirmed this reaction pathway. Conversion of glucose for 1 h at 120 C with H-USY (Si/Al = 6) gave a remarkable 55% yield of fructose after the second reaction step. A main advantage of applying alcohol media and a catalyst that combines Bronsted and Lewis acid sites is that glucose is isomerized to fructose at low temperatures, while direct conversion to industrially important chemicals like alkyl levulinates is viable at higher temperatures.
- Saravanamurugan, Shunmugavel,Paniagua, Marta,Melero, Juan A.,Riisager, Anders
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supporting information
p. 5246 - 5249
(2013/05/22)
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- Conversion of fructose into 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) and its derivatives promoted by inorganic salt in alcohol
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The conversion of d-fructose to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) on a 1 mmol scale was achieved in good yield (68%) using NH4Cl as catalyst in isopropanol at 120 °C. About 3% of 5-i-propoxymethylfurfural was formed. The reaction in ethanol at 100 °C on a 10 g scale gave a total yield of HMF and 5-ethoxymethylfurfural of 42%. No mineral acid such as H2SO 4 and HCl are required.
- Liu, Jitian,Tang, Yu,Wu, Kaigui,Bi, Caifeng,Cui, Qiu
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experimental part
p. 20 - 24
(2012/03/22)
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- MCM-41 materials as catalysts for the synthesis of alkyl fructosides
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Alkylation of saccharides combines the essential characteristics of two major renewable classes, viz. triglycerides and carbohydrates, while leading to biofriendly surfactants and emulsifiers. The development of alkylated derivatives of fructose has lagged because no efficient synthesis was available. We have found that mesoporous materials of the MCM-41 type are active and selective catalysts for the alkylation of fructose. Quantitative yields were obtained in the reaction of fructose with lower alcohols, up to C4. For long chain alcohols yields were moderate but the alkyl fructopyranosides could be easily purified. The other isomers could be isolated by chromatography.
- Van Der Heijden,Van Rantwijk,Van Bekkum
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p. 131 - 147
(2007/10/03)
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- Reaction of D-fructose, D-glucose and inulin with alcohols in the presence of iodine; a novel glycosidation procedure
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An efficient procedure for the glycosidation of D-fructose and D-glucose catalyzed by iodine is described. The reaction yields mainly alkyl glycofuranosides. Treatment of inulin under similar conditions leads to inter-glycosidic bond cleavage and to formation of alkyl D-fructofuranosides. The reaction conditions are particularly mild and relatively selective.
- Verhart, Cor G.J.,Fransen, Carel T.M.,Zwanenburg, Binne,Chittenden, Gordon J.F.
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p. 133 - 139
(2007/10/03)
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- FORMATION AND EQUILIBRATION OF D-FRUCTOSIDES AND 2-THIO-D-FRUCTOSIDES IN ACIDIFIED DIMETHYL SULFOXYDE: SYNTHETIC AND MECHANISTIC ASPECTS
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A kinetic study of the reaction of ketoses and ketosides under catalysis with very dilute acid to produce the ketosyl carbonium ion is reported, and the subsequent reaction of this ion with alcohol and thiol nucleophiles has been studied.The relative reactivity of D-fructoses and 2-thio-fructosides is discussed, and some tentative conclusions have been reached on the mechanism of their furanoside-pyranoside equilibration.The change in ring size in such systems probably proceeds via an anhydro-D-fructose intermediate, rather than an acyclic intermediate.The synthetic applications of the system have been explored, and it has been shown that both D-fructosides and 2-thio-D-fructosides may be synthesized in good yield.The D-fructofuranosides are best obtained from sucrose as the starting material, whereas the pyranosides are obtained from any readily available D-fructopyranoside (e.g., methyl β) by use of the desired alcohol or thiol, only the β anomers being obtained.Three new 2-thio-D-fructosides are reported.
- Moody, Wayne,Richards, Geoffrey N.
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p. 201 - 214
(2007/10/02)
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- A specific inhibitor of IgE-antibody formation: n-Pentyl β-D-fructopyranoside
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n-Pentyl β-D-fructopyranoside significantly suppresses IgE-antibody formation in rats and mice when orally administered, while no formation of hemagglutinin was observed. This is the first compound that is novel in structure and which exhibits a selective inhibition of IgE-antibody formation.
- Haraguchi,Yagi,Koda,Inagaki,Noda,Nishioka
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p. 1495 - 1499
(2007/10/02)
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- THERMOLYSIS OF SUCROSE IN THE PRESENCE OF ALCOHOLS. A NOVEL METHOD FOR THE SYNTHESIS OF D-FRUCTOFURANOSIDES
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When sucrose is thermolyzed in the presence of alcohols, either neat or in dimethyl sulfoxide solution, the products are mainly D-glucose and the appropriate alkyl D-fructofuranosides.Conditions have been investigated for optimizing the yields of the latter products, with a view to utilization of the reaction as a synthetic method.Such sterically hindered alcohols as 2-methyl-2-propanol and three sterols did not readily take part in the reaction.Phenols appear to undergo the reaction, but the phenyl D-fructofuranosides are probably degraded subsequently, to give increased yields of 2,6-anhydro-D-fructofuranose.
- Moody, Wayne,Richards, Geoffrey N.
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p. 247 - 256
(2007/10/02)
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