85577-24-8Relevant articles and documents
Synthesis of Multideuterated (Hetero)aryl Bromides by Ag(I)-Catalyzed H/D Exchange
Hu, Guang-Qi,Bai, Jing-Wen,Li, En-Ci,Liu, Kai-Hui,Sheng, Fei-Fei,Zhang, Hong-Hai
supporting information, p. 1554 - 1560 (2021/03/03)
Deterium-labeled (hetero)aryl bromide is one of the most widespread applicable motifs to achieve important deuterated architectures for various scientific applications. Traditionally, these deterium-labeled (hetero)aryl bromides are commonly prepared via multistep syntheses. Herein, we disclose a direct H/D exchange protocol for deuteration of (hetero)aryl bromides using Ag2CO3 as catalyst and D2O as deuterium source. This protocol is highly efficient, simply manipulated, and appliable for deuterium-labeling of over 55 (hetero)aryl bromides including bioactive druglike molecules and key intermediates of functional materials. In addition, this method showed distinguishing site-selectivity toward the existing transition-metal-catalyzed HIE process, leading to multideuterated (hetero)aryl bromides in one step.
The Use of Bis(4-chlorophenyl)Selenide/Lewis Acid Catalysts in the Electrophilic Chlorination of Toluene
Graham, John C.,Feng, Chuang-Hwa,Orticochea, Margarita,Ahmed, Gulam
, p. 4102 - 4109 (2007/10/02)
The electrophilic chlorination of toluene has been studied using bis(4-chlorophenyl)selenide/Lewis acids as catalysts.These catalysts generate ortho/para ratios which are considerably lower than those obtained using Lewis acids as catalysts with the ortho/para ratio decreasing as the reaction temperature increases in the range of -30 to 70 deg C.The enhanced para selectivity observed using these catalysts has been ascribed to the intermediacy of a bis(4-chlorophenyl)selenium dichloride/Lewis acid complex which functions as a sterically hindered source of chlorine.Proton NMR studies in acetone-d6 support the existance of bis(4-chlorophenyl)selenium dichloride/Lewis acid complexes which lose chlorine directly from the selenium atom.The loss of para selectivity as the reaction temperature decreases has been ascribed to an increase in the conversion of bis(4-chlorophenyl)selenide to bis(4-chlorophenyl)(4-methylphenyl)selenonium chloride, which does not function as a catalyst in this reaction.Although triarylselenonium chlorides are known to reductively eliminate to produce aryl chlorides, our studies have shown that only where the Lewis acid is aluminium(III)chloride does this occur.Subsequently, with the exception of aluminium(III)chloride, reductive elimination of bis(4-chlorophenyl)(4-methylphenyl)-selenonium chloride is not responsible for the high para selectivity observed under our conditions.