- Preparation method of nifuratel related substance A
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The invention provides a preparation method of a nifuratel related substance A. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) reacting sodium methoxide with epichlorohydrin to prepare 2-(methoxymethyl)-oxetane; (2) dropwise adding the 2-(methoxymethyl)-oxygen heterocyclic propane into hydrazine hydrate, so as to prepare 3-methoxy-2-hydroxyl-propyl hydrazine; and (3) adding diethyl carbonate into the 3-methoxy-2-hydroxy-propyl hydrazine to prepare the nifuratel related substance A, namely, the N-amino-5-methoxymethyl-2-oxazolidinone. According to the preparation method of the nifuratel related substance A disclosed by the invention, the nifuratel related substance A can be conveniently and quickly obtained, and the obtained nifuratel related substance A is high in yield and good in purity.
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Paragraph 0025-0027; 0032-0034; 0039-0041; 0046-0048; 0053
(2021/05/05)
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- Preparation method of nifuratel related substance A hydrochloride
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The invention provides a preparation method of nifuratel related substance A hydrochloride. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) reacting sodium methoxide with epichlorohydrin to prepare 2-(methoxymethyl)-oxetane; (2) dropwise adding the 2-(methoxymethyl)-oxygen heterocyclic propane into hydrazine hydrate, so as to prepare 3-methoxy-2-hydroxyl-propyl hydrazine; (3) adding diethyl carbonate into the 3-methoxy-2-hydroxy-propyl hydrazine, and preparing a nifuratel related substance A, namely, N-amino-5-methoxymethyl-2-oxazolidinone; and (4) salifying the prepared N-amino-5-methoxymethyl-2-oxazolidinone and concentrated hydrochloric acid, so as to prepare the hydrochloride of the nifuratel related substance A. According to the preparation method of the nifuratel related substance A hydrochloride, the nifuratel related substance A hydrochloride can be conveniently and rapidly obtained, and the obtained nifuratel related substance A hydrochloride is high in yield and good in purity.
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Paragraph 0030-0032; 0039-0041; 0048-0050; 0057-0059; 0066
(2021/05/05)
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- Olefin epoxidation with ionic liquid catalysts formed by supramolecular interactions
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This work demonstrated that the specific ionic liquids (ILs) have been designed via the supramolecular complexation between 18-crown-6 (CE) and ammonium peroxoniobate (NH4-Nb). The resultant ILs have been characterized by elemental analysis, FT-IR, Raman, NMR, DSC, conductivity measurement and MALDI-TOF, etc. The IL (CE-1) consisting of CE and ammonium peroxoniobate can be further coordinated with GLY to generate a new IL (CE-2), which showed both high catalytic activity in epoxidation with H2O2 and good recyclability. The characterization of 93Nb NMR spectra revealed that the peroxoniobate anions has demonstrated a structural evolution in the presence of hydrogen peroxide, in which Nb[dbnd]O species can be easily oxidized into the catalytically active niobium?peroxo species. Especially, the supramolecular complexation can provide suitable hydrophobicity, which ensured that the hydrophobic olefins and allylic alcohols were easily accessible to the catalytically active anions, and thus facilitated the epoxidation reaction. Notably, the supramolecular IL catalysts in this work exhibited a huge advantage of the easy availability, as compared with the previously reported peroxoniobate-based ILs. As far as we know, this is the first example of the highly selective epoxidation of olefins and allylic alcohols by using supramolecular ILs as catalysts.
- Ding, Bingjie,Hou, Zhenshan,Li, Difan,Ma, Wenbao,Yao, Yefeng,Zhang, Ran,Zheng, Anna,Zhou, Qingqing
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- Role of Organic Fluoride Salts in Stabilizing Niobium Oxo-Clusters Catalyzing Epoxidation
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We present here that easily available organic salts can stabilize/modify niobium (Nb) oxo-clusters. The as-synthesized Nb oxo-clusters have been characterized by various methods. These Nb oxo-clusters were catalytically active for the epoxidation of allylic alcohols and olefins with H2O2 as an oxidant. Notably, Nb-OC@TBAF-0.5 appeared as highly dispersed nanosized particles and showed the highest catalytic activity, which can be attributed to the following reasons on the basis of characterization. First, the strong coordination of fluorine ions with Nb sites and the steric protection with bulky organic cations led to high stabilization and dispersion of the oxo-clusters in the course of the reaction. Second, a hydrogen-bond interaction between the coordinated fluorine atom and the -OH group of allylic alcohol favored the epoxidation reaction. Third, the electron density of Nb sites decreased due to the strong electron-withdrawing ability of F- adjacent to Nb sites, thus promoting the electrophilic oxygen transfer to the CC bond.
- Dai, Sheng,Ding, Bingjie,Gong, Xueqing,Hou, Zhenshan,Li, Difan,Tang, Xuan,Xu, Beibei,Yao, Yefeng,Zhang, Tong,Zheng, Anna,Zhou, Qingqing
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p. 8190 - 8203
(2021/07/26)
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- Rational design 2-hydroxypropylphosphonium salts as cancer cell mitochondria-targeted vectors: Synthesis, structure, and biological properties
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It has been shown for a wide range of epoxy compounds that their interaction with triphenylphosphonium triflate occurs with a high chemoselectivity and leads to the formation of (2-hydroxypropyl)triphenylphosphonium triflates 3 substituted in the 3-position with an alkoxy, alkylcarboxyl group, or halogen, which were isolated in a high yield. Using the methodology for the disclosure of epichlorohydrin with alcohols in the presence of boron trifluoride ether-ate, followed by the substitution of iodine for chlorine and treatment with triphenylphosphine, 2-hydroxypropyltriphenylphosphonium iodides 4 were also obtained. The molecular and supramolec-ular structure of the obtained phosphonium salts was established, and their high antitumor activity was revealed in relation to duodenal adenocarcinoma. The formation of liposomal systems based on phosphonium salt 3 and L-α-phosphatidylcholine (PC) was employed for improving the bioavailabil-ity and reducing the toxicity. They were produced by the thin film rehydration method and exhibited cytotoxic properties. This rational design of phosphonium salts 3 and 4 has promising potential of new vectors for targeted delivery into mitochondria of tumor cells.
- Amerhanova, Syumbelya K.,Dimukhametov, Mudaris N.,Gubaidullin, Aidar T.,Islamov, Daut R.,Litvinov, Igor A.,Lyubina, Anna P.,Mironov, Vladimir F.,Nemtarev, Andrey V.,Pashirova, Tatiana N.,Titov, Eugenii A.,Tsepaeva, Olga V.,Voloshina, Alexandra D.
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- Identifying catalytically active mononuclear peroxoniobate anion of ionic liquids in the epoxidation of olefins
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The organic carboxylic acid coordinated monomeric peroxoniobate-based ionic liquids (ILs) [TBA][NbO(OH)2(R)] (TBA = tetrabutylammonium; R = lactic acid (LA), glycolic acid (GLY), malic acid (MA)) were prepared and fully characterized by elemental analysis, NMR, IR, Raman, TGA, 93Nb NMR, and HRMS. These IL catalysts exhibited not only high catalytic activity for the epoxidation of olefins under very mild reaction conditions, as the turnover frequency of [TBA][NbO(OH)2(LA)] reached up to 110 h-1, but also satisfactory recyclability in the epoxidation by using only 1 equiv of hydrogen peroxide as an oxidant. Meanwhile, this work revealed that the ILs underwent structural transformation from [NbO(OH)2(R)]- to [Nb(O-O)2(R)]- (R = LA, GLY, MA) in the presence of H2O2 by a subsequent activity evaluation, characterization, and first-principles calculations. Moreover, the organic carboxylic acid coordinated monomeric peroxoniobate-based ILs were investigated using density functional theory (DFT) calculations, which identified that [Nb(O-O)2LA]- was more advantageous than [Nb(O-O)2(OOH)2]- for the epoxidation of olefins. Due to the coordination between the α-hydroxy acids and the monomeric peroxoniobate anions, the functionalized ILs can efficiently catalyze the epoxidation of a wide range of olefins and allylic alcohols under very mild conditions. Additionally, the effect of solvents on the reaction is illustrated. It was found that methanol can lower the epoxidation barriers by forming a hydrogen bond with a peroxo ligand attached to the niobium center.
- Ma, Wenbao,Yuan, Haiyang,Wang, Haifeng,Zhou, Qingqing,Kong, Kang,Li, Difan,Yao, Yefeng,Hou, Zhenshan
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p. 4645 - 4659
(2018/05/08)
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- Peroxotantalate-Based Ionic Liquid Catalyzed Epoxidation of Allylic Alcohols with Hydrogen Peroxide
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The efficient and environmentally benign epoxidation of allylic alcohols has been attained by using new kinds of monomeric peroxotantalate anion-functionalized ionic liquids (ILs=[P4,4,4,n]3[Ta(O)3(η-O2)], P4,4,4,n=quaternary phosphonium cation, n=4, 8, and 14), which have been developed and their structures determined accordingly. This work revealed the parent anions of the ILs underwent structural transformation in the presence of H2O2. The formed active species exhibited excellent catalytic activity, with a turnover frequency for [P4,4,4,4]3[Ta(O)3(η-O2)] of up to 285 h?1, and satisfactory recyclability in the epoxidation of various allylic alcohols under very mild conditions by using only one equivalent of hydrogen peroxide as an oxidant. NMR studies showed the reaction was facilitated through a hydrogen-bonding mechanism, in which the peroxo group (O–O) of the peroxotantalate anion served as the hydrogen-bond acceptor and hydroxyl group in the allylic alcohols served as the hydrogen-bond donor. This work demonstrates that simple monomeric peroxotantalates can catalyze epoxidation of allylic alcohols efficiently.
- Ma, Wenbao,Chen, Chen,Kong, Kang,Dong, Qifeng,Li, Kun,Yuan, Mingming,Li, Difan,Hou, Zhenshan
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p. 7287 - 7296
(2017/05/31)
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- PLASTICIZERS FOR AQUEOUS SUSPENSIONS OF MINERAL PARTICLES AND HYDRAULIC BINDER PASTES
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The invention relates to a compound of following formula (I): the preparation method thereof and the use of same.
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- MANUFACTURE OF DICHLOROPROPANOL
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Manufacture of dichloropropanol Process for manufacturing dichloropropa nol wherein a glycerol-based product comprising at least one diol containi ng at least 3 carbon atoms other than 1,2- propanediol, is reacted with a chlorinati ng agent, and of products derived from dichloropropanol such as ep ichlorohydrin and epoxy resins. No figure.
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Page/Page column 19-21
(2009/03/07)
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- Cleavage of different ether bonds in butyl glycidyl ether and allyl glycidyl ether by K-, K+ (15-crown-5)2
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The kind of substituent in alkyl glycidyl ethers affects the course of their reaction with K1, K+ (15-crown-5)2. The cyclic oxirane ring is exclusively cleaved in the case of butyl glycidyl ether whereas the presence of the unsaturated allyl group in the glycidyl ether molecule unexpectedly prefers the scission of the linear ether bond. In both the systems organometallic intermediates are formed. They react with crown ether causing its ring opening. Allylpotassium formed from allyl glycidyl ether reacts also with another glycidyl ether molecule; the oxirane ring is opened in this case.
- Grobelny, Zbigniew,Stolarzewicz, Andrzej,Maercker, Adalbert,Krompiec, Stanis?aw,Bieg, Tadeusz
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p. 133 - 138
(2007/10/03)
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- Heterocyclic derivatives and their use as antithrombotic agents
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The present invention relates to antithrombotic compounds comprising the group Q, Q having formula (I), wherein the substructure (i) is a structure selected from (a, b and c), wherein X is O or S; X′ being independently CH or N; and m is 0, 1, 2 or 3; wherein the group Q is bound through an oxygen atom or an optionally substituted nitrogen or carbon atom, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof or a prodrug thereof. The compounds of the invention are therapeutically active and in particular are antithrombotic agents.
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- Azulene derivatives
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The invention provides novel azulene derivatives of general formula I wherein R1 to R6 have the significance given in the description, as well as their tautomers, enantiomers, diastereomers, racemates and physiologically compatible salts or esters and substances which are hydrolyzed or metabolized in vivo to compounds of formula I. The invention is also concerned with a process and intermediates for the manufacture of the above compounds, pharmaceutical compositions which contain such compounds as well as the use of these compounds in the treatment of inflammatory conditions.
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- Reaction of Methoxyoxirane with Inorganic Phosphate and Reflections on SN2-Reactivity
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In the context of the chemistry of potentially prebiological natural products it would be imported to know whether, from a chemical point of view, glycoaldehyde phosphate could be considered as a potentially prebiological natural material.In this connection, the reaction of rac. methoxyoxirane with inorganic phosphate in aqueous solution was checked: it does not produce glycoaldehyde phosphate but the 1-phosphate of 1-methoxy-1,2-ethanediol instead.In this context, earlier reflections on the question of how electronegative substituents influence SN2-reactivity are recorded. methoxyoxirane, glycolaldehyde phosphate, SN2-reactivity, nitrogen-inversion
- Pitsch, S.,Eschenmoser, A.
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p. 2383 - 2396
(2007/10/02)
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- Synthesis and Insecticidal Activity of Oxazaphospholidines, Oxathiaphospholanes, and Thiazaphospholidines
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Fifty-five new five-membered cyclic organophosphorus compounds including oazaphospholidines, thiazaphospholidines, and oxathiaphospholanes were synthesized, which have substituents at 4- or/and 5-positions besides at the 2-position.The thiazaphospholidines showed the highest insecticidal activity followed by oxathiaphospholanes and oxazaphospholidines.The position preference of substituents in insecticidal activity was most obvious in the oxazaphospholidines.It was preferable for insecticidal activity to have the substituent near the more basic atom: the 4-position for thiazaphospholidine and oxazaphospholidine, the 5-position for oxathiaphospholane, with the exception of 4- or 5-phenyl oxazaphospholidine.
- Wu, Shao-Yong,Hirashima, Akinori,Takeya, Ryuko,Eto, Morifusa
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p. 2911 - 2918
(2007/10/02)
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- USING THE COMPARISON OF STERIC VERSUS ELECTRONIC EFFECTS TO INFER MECHANISTIC INFORMATION IN STEPWISE ELECTROPHILIC ADDITION REACTIONS INVOLVING THREE-MEMBERED CYCLIC INTERMEDIATES
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Correlations of IP's versus relative reactivities or formation constants of reactions of alkenes with ArSCl, MeCO3H, Ag(1+), or HgCl2 reveal that complexation reactions show steric dependence, that additions with the first step rate-determining are sterically independent, and that those with the second step rate-determining are sterically dependent.
- Nelson, Donna J.,Soundararajan, Raman
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p. 6207 - 6210
(2007/10/02)
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- Enhancement of Cation Binding in Lariat Ethers Bearing a Methyl Group at the Quaternary, Pivot Carbon Atom
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A number of carbon-pivot lariat ethers have been prepared and compared, with their counterparts having a methyl group bonded to the side-arm-bearing or pivot carbon.All of the compounds examined are 15-crown-5 derivatives, and in this series, the methyl lariats invariably show a higher affinity for sodium than do the nonmethylated species.The results are less consistent in the case of potassium cation which is larger than the 15-crown-5 compound's cation binding hole.The enhanced stability constant observed for sodium with the methyl lariats is attributed to reduced s ide-arm mobility or conformational changes in either the side arm or macroring.
- Nakatsuji, Yohji,Nakamura, Tetsuya,Okahara, Mitsuo,Dishong, Dennis M.,Gokel, George W.
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p. 1237 - 1242
(2007/10/02)
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- Crown Cation Complex Effects. 20. Syntheses and Cation Binding Properties of Carbon-Pivot Lariat Ethers
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In an effort devise synthetic cation binders that will mimic the behavior of naturally occuring ionophores such as valinomycin, we have prepared approximately 30 macrocyclic (crown) polyethers bearing flexible side chains attached to the macro ring at carbon.In many of these "carbon-pivot" compounds, the side chain contains one or more neutral donor groups that, if in a suitable geometrical arrangement, may provide additional solvation to the macro-ring-bound cation.Although such donors often enhanced the cation binding ability, overall, the increases in stability constants were modest.The physical resemblance and concept of "roping and tying" the cation suggest the name "lariat ethers".Syntheses of these molecules and binding by them of Na+ and K+ cations are reported and conclusions drawn about the structural requirements and cation binding efficacy of these materials.
- Dishong, Dennis M.,Diamond, Craig J.,Cinoman, Michael I.,Gokel, Geoge W.
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p. 586 - 593
(2007/10/02)
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- An Electron Spin Resonance Study of 3-Oxypropenoyl Radicals derived from Glycidols
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Glycidols with blocked OH groups (A; M = alkyl or trialkylsilyl) react with t-butoxyl radicals to show the e.s.r. spectra of the corresponding 3-oxypropenoyl radicals (D), and 24 examples of these acyl radicals are reported.The reaction is thought to proceed through the formation of the allyloxyl radicals (B), which, in part, are converted into the aldehyde (C) which is very reactive towards loss of hydrogen to give the acyl radical (D).Glycidyl pivalate (A; M = COCMe3) reacts cleanly in this way, but glycidyl acetate (E; R = Me) also undergoes intramolecular 1,5-transfer of the acyl group to show the spectrum of the enoxyl radical (F).Glycidyl propionate and butyrate do not undergo this acyl transfer, but show the spectra of the radicals and (R' = Me or Et).
- Davies, Alwyn G.,Hawari, Jalal A.-A.,Muggleton, Brenda,Tse, Man-Wing
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p. 1132 - 1137
(2007/10/02)
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- Synthesis and β-Adrenergic Blocking Activity of New Aliphatic Oxime Ethers
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New β-adrenergic blocking agents, most of which do not contain an aromatic nucleus, were synthesized.They were derived either from alkylamino-aliphatic oxime ethers, or alkylamino-aliphatic ethers.Most active among these are O-acetoxime (8; trachea pA2=7.65) and 1-isobutoxy-3-(tert-butylamino)-2-propanol (15, trachea pA2=7.49), both of which displayed bronchoselectivity (β2/β1 ratio ca. 15).The role and importance of the aromatic nucleus in this class of compounds are discussed
- Leclerc, Gerard,Bieth, Nicole,Schwartz, Jean
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p. 620 - 624
(2007/10/02)
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