21307-05-1Relevant articles and documents
Effects of protecting groups on the previtamin D/vitamin D equilibrium
Okabe, Masami,Garofalo, Lisa M.
, p. 5853 - 5856 (1995)
The previtamin D-vitamin D equilibrium shifts toward the previtamin side with an increase in the electron-withdrawing ability of the protecting group on the 3-hydroxy group.
Biomimetic Synthesis and Structural Revision of Chaxine B and Its Analogues
Hirata, Yushi,Nakazaki, Atsuo,Kawagishi, Hirokazu,Nishikawa, Toshio
supporting information, p. 560 - 563 (2017/02/10)
Chaxine B and its analogues were synthesized from ergosterol in eight steps on the basis of our proposed biosynthetic pathway, which includes a highly site-selective and regioselective Baeyer-Villiger oxidation as the key step. This synthesis enabled the revision of the structures of chaxine B and its analogues.
Mechanism of error caused by isotope-labeled internal standard: Accurate method for simultaneous measurement of vitamin D and pre-vitamin D by liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry
Huang, Min,Cadwallader, Amy B.,Heltsley, Rebecca
, p. 2101 - 2110 (2014/11/08)
Rationale Bias of up to 25% has been observed for vitamin D3 and D2 samples exposed to heating during sample preparation, even when isotope-labeled internal standards are used. The goals of this study were to identify the mechanism of the positive bias observed in measuring vitamin D 3 and D2 by liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) and determine a way to eliminate the error source. METHODS Several internal standards with varying locations of labeling were used for comparison in this study. Additionally, different temperatures (25, 37, 55, and 75 °C) and different treatment times were investigated for sample preparation and a LC/MS/MS method capable of simultaneously measuring vitamin D and pre-vitamin D was developed. RESULTS It was demonstrated that the different conversion behaviors of the analyte and the internal standard were the cause of the positive bias. This bias was eliminated when internal standards with labeling remote from the double-bond area of the molecules were used. Additionally, sample preparation was shortened from overnight saponification at room temperature to 0.5 h at 75 °C. CONCLUSIONS The use of an internal standard with labeling remote from the conjugated area eliminated the error source and gave accurate correction at all of the temperatures investigated. Heating may be used for rapid sample preparation as an alternative to overnight saponification at room temperature. This work not only describes the mechanism of an inaccurate internal standard correction, but also establishes a rapid LC/MS/MS method for simultaneous measurement of vitamin D and pre-vitamin D.
Ultraviolet irradiation apparatus for photochemical reaction and preparation process of vitamin D derivative making use of the same
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Page 9-10, (2008/06/13)
Disclosed herein are an ultraviolet irradiation apparatus for photochemical reactions which can irradiate the photo-reactive solution with ultraviolet rays having a specific wavelength suitable for the intended photochemical reaction at a high efficiency, and a process by which a provitamin D derivative can be converted into a provitamin D derivative at a high efficiency by means of a photochemical reaction by one-step process of light irradiation, thereby preparing a vitamin D derivative at a high efficiency. The ultraviolet irradiation apparatus irradiates the photo-reactive solution with the ultraviolet rays having the specific wavelength through a quartz rod. Specifically, the apparatus is constructed by an electric discharge lamp, a condensing and reflecting mirror and a plane mirror both having wavelength selective property, an optical filter which transmits the ultraviolet rays having the specific wavelength, and a quartz rod on which the ultraviolet rays having the specific wavelength are struck. The photo-reactive solution is irradiated with the ultraviolet rays from the quartz rod. The quartz rod is immersed in the photo-reactive solution, or a reaction vessel is irradiated with the ultraviolet rays from the quartz rod. In the preparation process of the vitamin D derivative, an ultraviolet irradiation apparatus for photochemical reactions having an ultraviolet radiation-emitting lamp, an optical system having wavelength selective property and a quartz rod on which the ultraviolet rays having the specific wavelength from the optical system are struck is used, and a solution of a provitamin D derivative is irradiated with the ultraviolet rays having the specific wavelength emitted from the quartz rod to cause a photochemical reaction of the provitamin D derivative solution, thereby forming a previtamin D derivative. The previtamin D derivative is further subjected to a thermal isomerization reaction to prepare the vitamin D derivative.