2893-78-9 Usage
Uses
Used in Water Disinfection:
Sodium dichloroisocyanurate is used as a disinfectant for drinking water, swimming pools, and industrial circulating water cleaning. It rapidly hydrolyzes in water to release free available chlorine, which helps in establishing a complex series of equilibria involving chlorinated and non-chlorinated isocyanurates. This process ensures the continuous release of free chlorine to disinfect the water.
Used in Swimming Pools:
Sodium dichloroisocyanurate is widely applied for the sterilization of swimming pool water. It is supplied in powder, granular, and tablet forms, with stabilized chlorine granular (dichlor) being used extensively for chlorinating swimming pool water.
Used in Food Industry:
In the food industry, sodium dichloroisocyanurate serves as a stable source of chlorine for disinfection purposes, ensuring the safety and hygiene of the products.
Used in Livestock and Poultry Farming:
Sodium dichloroisocyanurate acts as a disinfectant in raising silkworm, livestock, poultry, and fish, helping to maintain a healthy and disease-free environment for these animals.
Used in Textile Industry:
SDIC is utilized in the textile industry for wool shrinkage and textile bleaching, thanks to its effective disinfectant properties.
Used in Medical Applications:
Sodium dichloroisocyanurate is employed as a reagent for N-monochlorination and dehydrochlorination of amino esters. It is also used as a reagent for chlorination to detect ammonium via the formation of colored zebra-bands in a detecting tube, which is useful in medical and laboratory settings.
Used in Household Water Treatment:
More recently, sodium dichloroisocyanurate has been used as a form of chlorine for household point-of-use water treatment, providing an easy-to-use source of free chlorine, primarily in emergency situations.
Used in Hospital and Wound Cleansing:
Sodium dichloroisocyanurate is a well-established disinfectant used for wound cleansing and hospital use, ensuring a clean and sterile environment for patients and medical staff.
Used in Baby Bottle Sterilization:
It is also used for sterilizing baby bottles, ensuring the safety and hygiene of the products used by infants.
Physicochemical properties
Sodium dichloroisocyanurate is white crystalline powder and has a strong smell of chlorine gas, containing available chlorine 60% to 64.5%. It has a stable property, and when stored in high temperature and humid areas, the reduction of available chlorine is only about 1%. It is easily dissolved in water and the solubility is 25%(25℃). The solution is weak acid and PH in 1% of the aqueous solution is 5.8 to 6.0. PH has little change while the concentration of the solution increased. When dissolved in water, sodium dichloroisocyanurate will generate hypochlorous, of which the hydrolysis constant is 1×10-4 higher than that of chloramines-T. The stability of the aqueous solution is poor. Under the ultraviolet light, the loss of the active chlorine would be accelerated. Sodium dichloroisocyanurate solution with low concentration can quickly kill all kinds of vegetative forms of bacteria, fungi and virus ,especially for hepatitis virus. The solution has several characteristics such as with high chlorine content, strong sterilization effect, simple process and low-cost. In addition, sodium dichloroisocyanurate is of low toxicity, and its sterilization effect is better than that of bleaching powder and chloramines-T. Mixing metal reducing agents or acid synergist with potassium permanganate and sodium dichloroisocyanurate powder can produce chlorine smoke fumigant or acid chloride smoke fumigant. Once lighted, such smoke fumigant will give off gas with strong sterilization effect.
Chlorine-containing disinfectants
Sodium dichloroisocyanurate, bleaching powder, dibasic tricalcium hypochlorite and sodium hypochlorite are several chlorine-containing disinfectants which are generally used in China. The disinfection capability of chlorine-containing disinfectant is mainly determined by the content of the available chlorine it contained. The higher the content of available chlorine is, the stronger the ability of disinfection is. When dissolved in water, chlorine-containing disinfectants form hypochlorous which has sterilization effect. Hypochlorous produced by bleaching power or dibasic tricalcium hypochlorite in the solution is associated with the PH of the solution. The lower PH in the solution is, the more hypochlorous it will produce. Due to a higher hydrolysis constant, the sterilization capability of sodium dichloroisocyanurate is stronger than most other chloramine disinfectants. Compared with hypochlorite disinfectants, the sterilization capability of sodium dichloroisocyanurate is weaker in low concentration of solution; while in high concentration of the solution, the solution can keep weak acidity. Therefore, the sterilization effect of sodium dichloroisocyanurate sometimes can be better than that of hypochlorite disinfectants. Chlorine-containing disinfectants mentioned above have good broad-spectrum germicidal efficacy and killing effects on vegetative form of bacteria, virus, fungal spore and bacterial spore.
sodium dichloroisocyanurate is one of the chlorinated isocyanuric acid disinfectants. Congeneric products also include chloroisobromine acid, trichloroisocyanuric acid, dichlord isocyanurice acid, potassium dichloroisocyanurate and so on. This product and other chlorinated isocyanuric acid disinfectants have a wide bactericidal spectrum and strong sterilization effect on vegetative form of bacteria, virus, fungal spore and bacterial spore. They also have strong killing effect on various bacterial(eg. escherichia coli, staphylococcus aureus ), virus(eg. hepatitis virus), bacterial spores(eg. spores of bacillus subtilis var niger) and fungus. In the effective concentration of the solution, this product can kill 99.9% escherichia in 30 minutes, all bacteria spores in five to thirty minutes and all hepatitis virus in five minutes. Besides, this product also have the function to destroy surface antigen of type B hepatitis virus. Sodium dichloroisocyanurate has a better killing effect in the acidic conditions. The lower PH is, the better effect it has. This product has a good stability of chemical property and exists no carcinogenic potential. This product can be used for disinfection in water, processing equipment in food factory, tableware, food, vehicles, animal buildings, magnanerie, fishpond and utensil and so on.
The above information is edited by the lookchem Bai Linlin.
Characteristics
Sodium dichloroisocyanurate (NaDCC) is a broad-spectrum disinfectant agent:More stable than bleach (sodium hypochlorite) - consistent strength produced at point of use for cleaning and disinfecting hard surfaces;Almost neutral in pH - less corrosive on surfaces than liquid bleach;Biodegradable – safe for the environment.
Preparation
Sodium dichloroisocyanurate is produced by chlorination of disodium cyanurate [Na2H(NCO)3] using chlorine (CI2) and neutralization with sodium hydroxide (NaOH).Disodium cyanurate is obtained by action of sodium hydroxide on isocyanuric acid.
Air & Water Reactions
Water soluble. May vigorously react with water releasing chlorine gas. Material containing less than 39% available chlorine will undergo reactions as described herein, but may take longer to initiate, and the resulting reaction may not be as vigorous [AAR 1992].
Reactivity Profile
Contact with ammonium compounds or hydrated salts can cause a very vigorous reaction. Prolonged exposure to heat /fire may result in the vigorous decomposition of the material with the rupture of its containers, Sodium dichloroisocyanurate will accelerate the burning of combustible materials [AAR 1991]. Chlorine plus alcohols would yield alkyl hypochlorites. They decompose in the cold and explode on exposure to sunlight or heat. Tertiary hypochlorites are less unstable than secondary or primary hypochlorites [NFPA 491 M 1991].
Hazard
Strong oxidizing material, fire risk near
organic materials. Toxic by ingestion.
Health Hazard
Dust causes sneezing and coughing, moderate irritation of the eyes, and itchiness and redness of the skin. Ingestion causes burns of mouth and stomach.
Flammability and Explosibility
Nonflammable
Safety Profile
Moderately toxic to humans and animals by ingestion. An experimental teratogen. Experimental reproductive effects. A severe skin and eye irritant. Human systemic effects by ingestion: ulceration or bleeding from stomach. The other main toxic effects were gastrointestinal irritation, salivation, lachrymation, dyspnea, weakness, emaciation, lethargy, diarrhea, coma, and (following very high dosage) death after 1-8 days, with autopsy showing irritation of stomach and gastrointestinal tract, liver dysfunction, and lung congestion. The concentrated material may be a little more toxic, due to greater gastrointestinal irritation. In the dry form, it is not appreciably irritating to dry skin. However, when moist, the concentrated material is irritating to skin, and also may cause severe eye irritation. A powerful oxidizer. Incompatible with combustible materials, ammonium salts, nitrogenous materials. Used to chlorinate swimming pools and in cleaning, bleaching, disinfecting, sanitizing. When heated to decomposition it emits very toxic fumes of Cl-, NOx, and Na2O.
Potential Exposure
Dichloroisocyanuric acid salts, are used in cleaning; making dry bleaches, detergents, sanitizers, and disinfectants; in swimming pool and sewage treatment.
Shipping
UN2465 Dichloroisocyanuric acid, dry or Dichloroisocyanuric acid salts, Hazard Class: 5.1; Labels: 5.1-Oxidizer.
Incompatibilities
A powerful oxidizer. Dust may form explosive mixture with air. Violent reaction with reducing agents; organic matter; easily chlorinated or oxidized materials. Isocyanates are highly flammable and reactive with many compounds, even with themselves. Incompatible with oxidizers (chlorates, nitrates, peroxides, permanganates, perchlorates, chlorine, bromine, fluorine, etc.); contact may cause fires or explosions. Reaction with moist air, water or alcohols may form amines and insoluble polyureas and react exothermically, releasing toxic, corrosive or flammable gases, including carbon dioxide; and, at the same time, may generate a violent release of heat increasing the concentration of fumes in the air. Incompatible with amines, aldehydes, alkali metals, ammonia, carboxylic acids, caprolactum, alkaline materials, glycols, ketones, mercaptans, hydrides, organotin catalysts, phenols, strong acids, strong bases, strong reducing agents such as hydrides, urethanes, ureas. Elevated temperatures or contact with acids, bases, tertiary amines, and acyl-chlorides may cause explosive polymerization. Contact with metals may evolve flammable hydrogen gas. Attacks some plastics, rubber and coatings May accumulate static electrical charges, and may cause ignition of its vapors. Incompatible with ammonium salts, amines forming nitrogen trichloride
Check Digit Verification of cas no
The CAS Registry Mumber 2893-78-9 includes 7 digits separated into 3 groups by hyphens. The first part of the number,starting from the left, has 4 digits, 2,8,9 and 3 respectively; the second part has 2 digits, 7 and 8 respectively.
Calculate Digit Verification of CAS Registry Number 2893-78:
(6*2)+(5*8)+(4*9)+(3*3)+(2*7)+(1*8)=119
119 % 10 = 9
So 2893-78-9 is a valid CAS Registry Number.
InChI:InChI=1/C3HCl2N3O3.Na/c4-7-1(9)6-2(10)8(5)3(7)11;/h(H,6,9,10);/q;+1/p-1
2893-78-9Relevant articles and documents
Production of alkali metal salts of dichloroisocyanuric acid
-
, (2008/06/13)
Alkali metal salts of dichloroisocyanuric acid are produced by the reaction of a monoalkali metal cyanurate with hypochlorous acid while maintaining the pH of the reaction mixture in the range of from about 6.0 to about 7.5 and recovering the solid alkali metal dichloroisocyanurates produced thereby. The products are useful as bleaching or sanitizing agents.
