Rayon

Name:
Rayon
Detailed information:
Generic name for a semisynthetic fiber composed of regenerated cellulose as well as manufactured fibers composed of regenerated cellulose in which substituents have replaced not more than 15% of the hydrogen of the hydroxyl groups. Rayon was first made by denitration of cellulose nitrate fibers (Chardonnet process), but most rayon is made from wood pulp by the viscose process. “Regular” viscose tenacity = 2 g/denier; “high-tenacity” = 3–6 g/denier (tire cord). Elongation 15–30% (dry) and 20–40% (wet). Swells and weakens when wet. Moisture regain 11–13%, d 1.50.Modified rayon is made principally of regenerated cellulose and contains nonregenerated cellulose fiber-forming material, for example, a fiber spun from viscose containing casein or other protein (ASTM). This greatly increases both dry and wet strength and also permits mercerization. Rayon is readily dyed by standard methods.

Hazard:

Flammable, not self-extinguishing, moderate fire risk.

Use:

Nonwoven fabrics, surgical dressings, mechanical rubber goods, coated fabrics, felts and blankets, blends with cotton for home furnishings, etc.

See Cellophane; Acetate Fiber; Viscose Process.