(1904–1971). An American biochemist who won the Nobel Prize for chemistry in 1946 along with Northrop and Sumner. His work on virus research resulted in isolation of crystals proving the virus to be proteinaceous. In the 1930s, he was concerned with isolating nucleic acid from crystallized virus, and the reproduction of influenza virus. His doctorate was from the University of Illinois. His many accomplishments included membership in the National Advisory Cancer Council of the United States Public Health Service in the 1950s.