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4. Conclusion
We synthesised novel atropisomeric chiral inducers, axially chiral
binaphthyl derivatives bearing LC groups at the n,n0 positions
(n ¼ 3, 4, 6) of the binaphthyl rings. The chirality transfer from
the axially chiral binaphthyl derivatives to the N-LC molecules
was largely affected by the dihedral angle of LC groups with
respect to the chiral axis of the binaphthyl moiety. When the LC
groups were introduced at the 3,30 and 6,60 positions of the
binaphthyl rings, the dihedral angle became 60ꢁ, leading to high
HTPs of 153 and 154 mmꢀ1, respectively. In contrast, when the
LC groups were substituted at the 4,40 position of the binaphthyl
rings, the dihedral angle became 0ꢁ, resulting in a small HTP of
11 mmꢀ1. The substituents at the 3,30 and 6,60 positions of the
binaphthyl rings are effective in the chirality transfer of the chiral
dopant to the environmental N-LC molecules.
The SC* phases were induced when the dopant, D-3,30 or
D-6,60 was added to the host LCs, PhB1 and PhB2. This means
that it is possible to not only induce the SC*-LC by using the
chiral dopants and the host LCs, but also tune the helical pitch of
the SC*-LC by choosing the combination between the chiral
dopant and the host LC. In particular, the highly twisted SC*
phases with helical pitches of 1.2–1.4 mm were prepared in PhB1
and PhB2 by using the chiral dopant of D-6,60. The 6,60 positions
of binaphthyl rings are the optimal substitution positions for
achieving the chirality transfer effectively from the axially chiral
binaphthyl moieties to the N- and SC-LCs.
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Acknowledgements
This work was supported by a Grant-in-Aid for Science Research
(S) (no. 20225007) from the Ministry of Education, Culture,
Sports, Science and Technology, Japan. The authors also
acknowledge the Korea Institute of Science and Technology
Institutional program.
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