Multi-step reaction with 16 steps
1: 97.3 percent / 1,2-dichloro-ethane / 1 h / Heating
2: 95 percent / Bu3SnH, α,α'-azobis(isobutyronitrile) (AIBN) / toluene / 1 h / Heating
3: 60.9 percent / trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) / 1.25 h / 5 °C
4: 1.) dibutyltin oxide, 2.) Et3N / 1.) MeOH, reflux, 1.5 h, 2.) 1,2-dimethoxyethane, 4 deg C, 1 h
5: 98 percent / RuO4 / 1,2-dichloro-ethane / 1 h / 4 - 20 °C
6: 90.1 percent / LiN3 / dimethylformamide / Ambient temperature
7: 51 percent / H2, HCl / 10percent Pd/C / ethanol / 0.75 h / 760 Torr
8: 90.5 percent / NaHCO3 / H2O; diethyl ether / 2.5 h / 4 - 20 °C
9: 93.4 percent / Dowex AG 50W-X4 (H+) / dioxane; H2O / 24 h / 73 - 75 °C
10: 1.) 0.1 N aq. KOH, 2.) Dowex AG 50W-X4 (H+) / 1.) 20 deg C, 1 h
11: 78.3 percent / methyl acetate / 4 h / Ambient temperature
12: 62.6 percent / pyridine, 4-(dimethylamino)pyridine / 1,2-dichloro-ethane / 1.) -10 deg C, 5 h, 2.) RT, 15 h
13: 51.5 percent / Pd(OAc)2, NEt3 / benzene / 38 h / Ambient temperature
14: 94.9 percent / LiBr / tetrahydrofuran / 6.5 h / Heating
15: 50 percent / 6,6,7,7,8,8,8-heptafluoro-2,2-dimethyl-3,5-octadienoate / dimethylformamide / 10 h / 70 °C
16: 96.7 percent / H2 / 10percent Pd/C / methanol / 3 h / 760 Torr / Ambient temperature
With
pyridine; hydrogenchloride; dmap; palladium diacetate; potassium hydroxide; ruthenium tetroxide; lithium azide; 6,6,7,7,8,8,8-heptafluoro-2,2-dimethyl-3,5-octadienoate; Dowex AG 50W-X4 (H+); azobisisobutyronitrile; hydrogen; tri-n-butyl-tin hydride; di(n-butyl)tin oxide; sodium hydrogencarbonate; triethylamine; trifluoroacetic acid; lithium bromide;
palladium on activated charcoal;
In
tetrahydrofuran; 1,4-dioxane; methanol; diethyl ether; ethanol; acetic acid methyl ester; water; 1,2-dichloro-ethane; N,N-dimethyl-formamide; toluene; benzene;
DOI:10.1021/jo00219a008