D-Galactose

Base Information

• Chemical Name: D-Galactose
• CAS No.: 10257-28-0
• Molecular Formula: C6H12O6
• Molecular Weight: 180.158
• Hs Code.: 2924199090
• European Community (EC) Number: 200-416-4
• DSSTox Substance ID: DTXSID001015860
• Nikkaji Number: J330.863D
• Wikipedia: Galactose
• Wikidata: Q27106307
• Metabolomics Workbench ID: 49825
• ChEMBL ID: CHEMBL195923
• Mol file: 10257-28-0.mol

Synonyms:D Galactose;D-Galactose;Galactopyranose;Galactopyranoside;Galactose

Chemical Property of D-Galactose

Chemical Property:

• Vapor Pressure: 1.83E-08mmHg at 25°C
• Melting Point: 168-170oC(lit.)
• Refractive Index: 1.635
• Boiling Point: 410.797 °C at 760 mmHg
• PKA: 12.12±0.70(Predicted)
• Flash Point: 202.243 °C
• PSA: 110.38000
• Density: 1.732 g/cm³
• LogP: -3.22140
• Solubility.: H2O: 100 mg/mL
• XLogP3: -2.6
• Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 5
• Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 6
• Rotatable Bond Count: 1
• Exact Mass: 180.06338810
• Heavy Atom Count: 12
• Complexity: 151

Purity/Quality:

99% ^*data from raw suppliers

Galactose Pharmaceutical Secondary Standard; Certified Reference Material ^*data from reagent suppliers

Safty Information:

• Safety Statements: 24/25

MSDS Files:

SDS file from LookChem

Useful:

• Chemical Classes: Biological Agents -> Monosaccharides and Derivatives
• Canonical SMILES: C(C1C(C(C(C(O1)O)O)O)O)O
• Isomeric SMILES: C([C@@H]1[C@@H]([C@@H]([C@H](C(O1)O)O)O)O)O
• Recent ClinicalTrials: sCD163 and sMR in Wilsons Disease - Associations With Disease Severity and Fibrosis
• Uses: Diagnostic aid (ultrasound contrast medium).

Technology Process of D-Galactose

There total 309 articles about D-Galactose which guide to synthetic route it. The literature collected by LookChem mainly comes from the sharing of users and the free literature resources found by Internet computing technology. We keep the original model of the professional version of literature to make it easier and faster for users to retrieve and use. At the same time, we analyze and calculate the most feasible synthesis route with the highest yield for your reference as below:

synthetic route:

Reference yield:

4-nitrophenyl O-(5-acetamido-3,5-dideoxy-α-D-glycero-D-galacto-2-nonulopyranosylonic acid)-(2->6)-β-D-galactopyranoside (81119-31-5) → D-Galactose (10257-28-0) + 4-nitro-phenol (100-02-7,78813-13-5,89830-32-0) + cytidine 5'-monophosphate-N-acetylneuraminic acid (55569-66-9) + 4-nitrophenyl-β-D-galactopyranoside (3150-24-1)

Guidance literature:

With Na₃PO₄ buffer; sodium acetate; carboxymethyl-dodecyl-dimethyl-ammonium betaine; sodium chloride; calcium chloride; multistep reaction : 1) bacterial neuraminidase (V. cholera), bovine serum albumin, 2) β-D-galactosidase; colorimetric assay method for determination of linkage specificity of bacterial and viral neuraminidases; other neuraminidases;

DOI:10.1016/0008-6215(91)84090-2

Reference yield:

4-nitrophenyl-β-D-galactopyranoside (3150-24-1) → D-Galactose (10257-28-0) + 4-nitro-phenol (100-02-7,78813-13-5,89830-32-0)

Guidance literature:

With β-D-galactosidase; water; at 30 ℃; pH 5.5; relative rate of hydrolysis;

DOI:10.1016/0031-9422(93)85084-5

Reference yield:

4-nitrophenyl α-D-galactoside (7493-95-0) → D-Galactose (10257-28-0) + 4-nitro-phenol (100-02-7,78813-13-5,89830-32-0)

Guidance literature:

With α-galactosidase; at 25 ℃; for 0.0833333h; Rate constant;

DOI:10.1016/0031-9422(81)85216-8

upstream raw materials:

Hyperoside

diazomethane

3-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1->2)-<β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1->3)>-β-D-glucuronopyranosyl quillaic acid 28-O-β-D-apiofuranosyl-(1->3)-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1->4)-<β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1->3)>-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1->2)-β-D-fucopyranoside.

formaldehyd

Downstream raw materials:

chloroacetaldehyde dimethyl acetal

(2R,3R,4R)-2-Dimethoxymethyl-5-methoxy-tetrahydro-furan-3,4-diol

methyl beta-D-galactopyranoside

methyl α-D-galactopyranoside

Refernces

Interaction of a Triantennary Quinoline Glycoconjugate with the Asialoglycoprotein Receptor

10.1002/cmdc.202100158

The study investigates the interaction of a triantennary quinoline glycoconjugate with the asialoglycoprotein receptor (ASGPR) for targeted drug delivery to hepatocytes. The researchers synthesized a novel triantennary galactose-conjugated quinoline derivative (4) by attaching a triantennary linker to a bioactive quinoline core and then conjugating it with three galactose azide derivatives. This glycoconjugate demonstrated a 17-fold higher binding affinity to the ASGPR-H1-CRD protein receptor (Kd~54 μM) compared to D-galactose (Kd~900 μM). The study also involved the cloning, expression, and purification of the ASGPR-H1-CRD protein from Huh7 cells, which was used for in vitro binding studies. Micro-calorimetric studies revealed that glycoconjugate 4 selectively bound to ASGPR-rich Huh7 cells, showing no significant interaction with non-ASGPR Chang cells. However, the glycoconjugate did not exhibit significant mTOR inhibition at micromolar concentrations. The study highlights the potential of this glycoconjugate for targeted delivery to hepatocytes, with ongoing work focusing on improving its mTOR inhibitory activity.

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