10.1007/BF00952390
The study investigates the telomerization of propadiene by morpholine, using a binary catalytic system composed of PdCl2 and triphenylphosphine. The primary product formed is N-(2,3-dimethylenebutyl)morpholine, with a yield of approximately 49.5%, and a small amount of allylmorpholine is also produced. Nonaminated propadiene oligomers are observed as by-products. The addition of a reducing agent, NaBH4, enhances the catalytic activity without significantly altering the selectivity. However, the introduction of CF3COOH, which is used as an activating additive in the amination of butadiene, decreases the yield and shifts the selectivity towards the formation of heavier products. The study also explores the effects of varying the initial concentration of morpholine and the ratio of propadiene to morpholine, finding that these factors significantly influence the reaction rate and the isomeric composition of the products. The presence of conjugated double bonds in the hydrocarbon substituent of the product allows for further conversion into high-molecular-weight products.