10.1080/00397919809458698
The research aims to introduce a novel and straightforward method for the de-ethoxycarbonylation of α-substituted malonic esters. This method utilizes Triton B (benzyl trimethyl ammonium hydroxide) in DMSO to yield the corresponding α-substituted carboxylic esters, which are typically obtained through a more laborious and low-yielding process involving acid hydrolysis, thermal decomposition, and reesterification. The study concludes that this new one-step method is advantageous as it does not require high temperatures or toxic reagents, is applicable to acid-sensitive substrates, and provides good yields. The chemicals used in this process include α-substituted malonic esters, Triton B, DMSO, and various α-substituted carboxylic esters as products.
10.1007/s00706-008-0873-9
The research focuses on the efficient one-pot synthesis of dithiocarbazates, which are compounds with significant medicinal, industrial, and synthetic applications. The study aimed to improve upon existing methods by using more cost-effective and less toxic reagents, such as carbon disulfide (CS2), instead of the traditionally used, expensive, and hazardous chemicals like thiophosgene. The researchers successfully developed a method that employs benzyl-trimethylammonium hydroxide (Triton-B) as a catalyst for the reaction between various primary, secondary, and tertiary alkyl halides and substituted hydrazines with CS2. This process resulted in high yields of dithiocarbazates (78–98%) under mild conditions and with simpler work-up procedures.
10.1002/ardp.19823150314
The research focuses on the synthesis of 4-Cyano-1,3-dioxolanes from 2,3-epoxynitriles and acetone in the presence of boron trifluoride. The study aims to explore the steric course of the reaction and discusses the stereospecificity of the process. The researchers also describe an improved method for the preparation of 2,3-epoxynitriles. The chemicals used in the process include 2,3-epoxynitriles, acetone, boron trifluoride, and trimethylbenzylammonium hydroxide as a phase-transfer catalyst. The conclusions drawn from the research indicate that the reaction is predominantly stereospecific, with a high yield of trans-3a from pure cis-2a and cis-3a from trans-2a. The study also suggests a concerted opening of the epoxide ring with trans-addition of the carbonyl oxygen, leading to the formation of 1,3-dioxolanes. However, the exact mechanism of the epoxide opening remains unknown, and further investigations are ongoing to clarify the formation mechanisms of side products observed during the reaction.
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