10.1080/00397910600588504
The study presents a practical and cost-effective synthesis of 6-methoxytryptamine, an important intermediate for the total synthesis of the pentacyclic indole alkaloid reserpine. The synthesis starts from commercially available phthalimide and 1-bromo-3-chloropropane. Initially, phthalimide and 1-bromo-3-chloropropane are treated with PEG-600 and K2CO3 under reflux to produce chloropropylphthalimide. This compound then undergoes phase transfer-catalyzed (PTC) alkylation with ethyl acetoacetate in the presence of triethylbenzylammonium chloride (TEBAC) and KOH to form phthalimidopentanoate. The phthalimidopentanoate is subsequently reacted with the diazonium salt of m-anisidine via a Japp–Klingemann reaction to yield 5-methoxyindole. Finally, the ester group in 5-methoxyindole is hydrolyzed with aqueous KOH and then decarboxylated with HCl to obtain 6-methoxytryptamine. The overall yield of the synthesis is 44%, and the method offers advantages such as mild experimental conditions, short reaction times, and simple operations.