10.1007/s13738-015-0655-3
The research focuses on the development of a novel, cost-effective nanocatalyst, nano-sawdust-OSO3H, for the one-pot synthesis of biologically important pyrano[2,3-d]pyrimidines, which are known for their potential pharmaceutical applications such as antibacterial, antitumor, and analgesic activities. The experiments involved the use of reactants like barbituric acid or thiobarbituric acid, malononitrile, and a variety of aldehydes. The nanocatalyst was prepared by treating sawdust with chlorosulfonic acid, resulting in particles below 100 nm as observed through SEM imaging. The catalyst's morphology, chemical composition, thermal stability, and surface acidity were analyzed using techniques such as SEM, EDX, TGA/DTG, and FT-IR spectroscopy. The study demonstrated that nano-sawdust-OSO3H is an efficient catalyst, offering excellent yields in short reaction times and with mild reaction conditions, aligning with the principles of green chemistry.
10.1021/jm901183d
The research focuses on the discovery of a novel glitazone, (Z)-5-(4-methoxybenzylidene)thiazolidine-2,4-dione, as an orally active and readily available treatment for Concanavalin A-induced acute liver injury in BALB/c mice. The study involves the synthesis and screening of 53 small molecules from a small-molecule library, using a quick screening method to evaluate their potency in inhibiting chemotaxis of RAW264.7 cells stimulated by monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1). The most effective compounds were identified through in vitro inhibitory effects and further assessed in vivo for their hepatoprotective effects. The experiments utilized various reactants, including aromatic aldehydes, β-alanine, barbituric acid, thiobarbituric acid, and other chemical reagents, and employed techniques such as Knoevenagel reaction, Wittig reaction, and HPLC for compound synthesis and purity analysis. The biological activity was assessed through chemotaxis assays, serum aminotransferase level measurements, and histopathological evaluations. The study demonstrated that compound 4f significantly reduced serum levels of alanine aminotransaminase (ALT) and asparate aminotransaminase (AST) and showed hepatoprotective effects in the liver injury model, with minimal toxicity observed in histopathological assessments of major organs.
10.1134/S1070363209020339
The research discusses the specific features of the reaction between m-phenoxybenzyl chloride and sodium thiobarbiturate. The purpose of the study was to investigate how the introduction of a phenoxy substituent to the meta position of benzyl chloride affects its reactivity. The researchers found that this substitution decreased the reactivity with the sodium salt of 6-methyl-2-thiouracyl by 5.8 times. The reaction of m-phenoxybenzyl chloride with sodium thiobarbiturate resulted in a lower conversion (50%) compared to benzyl chloride, leading to the formation of 2-[(3-phenoxybenzyl)thio]pyrimidin-4,6(1H,5H)dione. The chemicals used in the process included thiobarbituric acid, sodium hydroxide, dioxane, water, and m-phenoxybenzyl chloride. The study concluded with a yield of 54% for the S-benzylation product of compound III and 70% for compound V, with quantum chemical analysis supporting the reaction's direction being influenced by the steric availability of the reaction center.
10.1002/jhet.1533
The study, titled "Synthesis of New Azocompounds and Fused Pyrazolo[5,1-c][1,2,4]triazines Using Heterocyclic Components," investigates the synthesis of new azocompounds and tricyclic pyrazolo[5,1-c][1,2,4]triazines using various heterocyclic components. The key chemical involved is 3-methyl-4-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-5-amine, which is diazotized to form pyrazole-3(5)-diazonium chloride. This diazonium salt undergoes azocoupling reactions with a variety of heterocyclic compounds, including barbituric acid, thiobarbituric acid, 2-hetarylpyrimidine-4,6-diones, 4-hydroxy-6-methylpyridin-2(1H)-one, 4-hydroxy-6-methyl-2H-pyran-2-one, 4-hydroxy-1-p-tolyl-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxylic acid ethyl ester, 1,3-thiazolidine-2,4-dione, and 2-thioxo-1,3-thiazolidin-4-one. These reactions yield new pyrazolylazo derivatives and fused pyrazolo[5,1-c][1,2,4]triazines through subsequent heterocyclization processes. The study explores the synthetic potential of these heterocyclic components in azocoupling reactions, highlighting their potential applications in industrial azo dyes, analytical indicators, and bioactive compounds related to purines.
10.1002/hlca.201000325
The research explores the novel synthesis of 5-aryl-1H-pyrano[2,3-d]pyrimidine-2,4(3H,5H)-diones and their 2-thioxo analogs through convergent domino Knoevenagel hetero-Diels-Alder and domino oxidation hetero-Diels-Alder reactions. The purpose of this study is to develop a one-pot synthetic strategy for these compounds, which have significant biological activities, including antiviral, antibacterial, and antifungal properties. Barbituric acid is a key component in the Knoevenagel condensation step. It reacts with various benzaldehyde derivatives to form 5-arylidenebarbituric acid derivatives (II). These derivatives are essential intermediates that act as dienes in the subsequent hetero-Diels-Alder reaction. 2-Thiobarbituric acid is used similarly to barbituric acid but introduces a sulfur atom into the structure, leading to the formation of 2-thioxo analogs of the target compounds. Like barbituric acid, it undergoes Knoevenagel condensation with benzaldehydes to form the corresponding 5-arylidene derivatives. Both barbituric acid and 2-thiobarbituric acid are essential for generating the dienes required for the hetero-Diels-Alder reaction. Their ability to form reactive intermediates and participate in multiple reaction pathways is critical for the success of the convergent domino reactions described in the study.
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