Multi-step reaction with 16 steps
1: 84 percent / 1,2-dichloro-ethane / 72 h / 82 °C
2: 88 percent / HCl / 8 h / 100 °C
3: 100 percent / H2SO4 / 15 h / 65 °C
4: 62 percent / I2 / AgCO2CF3 / methanol / 15 h / 20 °C
5: 95 percent / LiCl; Na2CO3 / Pd(dppf)Cl2*CH2Cl2 / dimethylformamide / 15 h / 100 °C
6: 84 percent / ICl; AgBF4 / methanol; tetrahydrofuran / 1 h / 20 °C
7: 100 percent / Na2CO3 / Pd(dppf)Cl2*CH2Cl2 / ethanol; toluene / 15 h / 85 °C
8: KOH / methanol / 65 °C
9: PyBOP; NEt3 / CH2Cl2 / 4 h / 20 °C
10: 84 percent / DMAP; K2CO3 / CH2Cl2 / 5 h / 20 °C
11: 92 percent / H2 / Pd(OH)2/C / ethanol; acetic acid / 72 h / 20 °C / 2585.74 Torr
12: Zn(N3)2*2Py; PPh3; imidazole / DEAD / CH2Cl2 / 15 h / 0 - 15 °C
13: H2 / Pd(OH)2/C / ethanol / 15 h / 20 °C / 2585.74 Torr
14: 79 percent / NaHCO3 / H2O; CH2Cl2 / 0.5 h / 20 °C
15: DEAD / benzene / 1 h / 20 °C
16: n-PrNH2 / CH2Cl2 / 0.25 h / 20 °C
With
1H-imidazole; propylamine; dmap; potassium hydroxide; silver tetrafluoroborate; zinc azide * 2 pyridine; sulfuric acid; benzotriazol-1-yloxyl-tris-(pyrrolidino)-phosphonium hexafluorophosphate; hydrogen; iodine; Iodine monochloride; sodium hydrogencarbonate; sodium carbonate; potassium carbonate; triethylamine; triphenylphosphine; lithium chloride; diethylazodicarboxylate;
hydrogenchloride; palladium dihydroxide; dichloro(1,1'-bis(diphenylphosphanyl)ferrocene)palladium(II)*CH2Cl2; silver trifluoroacetate; diethylazodicarboxylate;
In
tetrahydrofuran; methanol; ethanol; dichloromethane; water; acetic acid; 1,2-dichloro-ethane; N,N-dimethyl-formamide; toluene; benzene;
7: Suzuki-Miayura cross-coupling;
DOI:10.1016/S0040-4039(01)01322-3