Naloxone

Base Information

• Chemical Name: Naloxone
• CAS No.: 465-65-6
• Molecular Formula: C19H21NO4
• Molecular Weight: 327.38
• Hs Code.: 2939190000
• European Community (EC) Number: 207-365-7
• NSC Number: 70413
• UNII: 36B82AMQ7N
• DSSTox Substance ID: DTXSID8023349
• Nikkaji Number: J5.894G
• Wikipedia: Naloxone
• Wikidata: Q282902
• NCI Thesaurus Code: C62054
• RXCUI: 7242
• Pharos Ligand ID: DPQP2SH7AKWH
• Metabolomics Workbench ID: 43400
• ChEMBL ID: CHEMBL80
• Mol file: 465-65-6.mol

Synonyms:Abello, Naloxone;Curamed, Naloxon;Dihydride, Naloxone Hydrochloride;Hydrobromide, Naloxone;Hydrochloride Dihydride, Naloxone;Hydrochloride, Naloxone;MRZ 2593;MRZ 2593 Br;MRZ 2593-Br;MRZ 2593Br;MRZ-2593;MRZ2593;Nalone;Naloxon Curamed;Naloxon ratiopharm;Naloxon-ratiopharm;Naloxone;Naloxone Abello;Naloxone Hydrobromide;Naloxone Hydrochloride;Naloxone Hydrochloride Dihydride;Naloxone Hydrochloride, (5 beta,9 alpha,13 alpha,14 alpha)-Isomer;Naloxone, (5 beta,9 alpha,13 alpha,14 alpha)-Isomer;Narcan;Narcanti

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Chemical Property of Naloxone

Chemical Property:

• Melting Point: 184° (Lewenstein), 177-178° (Sankyo Co.)
• Refractive Index: 1.5000 (estimate)
• Boiling Point: 532.8 °C at 760 mmHg
• PKA: pKa 7.94/7.82(H2O,t =20/37,I<0.01) (Uncertain)
• Flash Point: 276.1 °C
• Density: 1.43 g/cm³
• Storage Temp.: 2-8°C
• Solubility.: Chloroform (Slightly, Heated, Sonicated), DMSO (Slightly), Methanol (Slightly),
• XLogP3: 2.1
• Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 2
• Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 5
• Rotatable Bond Count: 2
• Exact Mass: 327.14705815
• Heavy Atom Count: 24
• Complexity: 594

Purity/Quality:

Safty Information:

• Pictogram(s): F,T
• Hazard Codes: F,T
• Statements: 11-23/24/25-39/23/24/25
• Safety Statements: 7-16-36/37-45

MSDS Files:

SDS file from LookChem

Useful:

• Drug Classes: Opioid Antagonists
• Canonical SMILES: C=CCN1CCC23C4C(=O)CCC2(C1CC5=C3C(=C(C=C5)O)O4)O
• Isomeric SMILES: C=CCN1CC[C@]23[C@@H]4C(=O)CC[C@]2([C@H]1CC5=C3C(=C(C=C5)O)O4)O
• Recent ClinicalTrials: Neural Mechanisms of Immersive Virtual Reality in Chronic Pain
• Recent EU Clinical Trials: Reversal of opioid-induced respiratory depression with opioid antagonists - a study in opioid na?ve individuals and chronic opioid users under real-life conditions
• Recent NIPH Clinical Trials: Modification of Neurotransmission of Brain-Gut Interactions
• Description: It is worth mentioning that N-allylic substitution in a number of morphine derivatives, as a rule, leads to antagonistic properties. Naloxone is a few times stronger than nalorphine as an antagonist. It blocks opiate receptors. It eliminates central and peripheral action of opioids, including respiratory depression. Naloxone is used upon overdose of narcotic analgesics.
• Uses: antineoplastic Naloxone is a specific opioid antagonist. Narcotic antagonist.
• Therapeutic Function: Narcotic antagonist
• Biological Functions: Because of its fast onset (minutes), naloxone (Narcan) administered IV is used most frequently for the reversal of opioid overdose. However, it fails to block some side effects of the opioids that are mediated by the δ- receptor, such as hallucinations. The rapid offset of naloxone makes it necessary to administer the drug repeatedly until the opioid agonist has cleared the system to prevent relapse into overdose. The half-life of naloxone in plasma is 1 hour. It is rapidly metabolized via glucuronidation in the liver and cleared by the kidney. Naloxone given orally has a large first-pass effect, which reduces its potency significantly. Often an overshoot will follow the administration of naloxone for overdose. The heart rate and blood pressure of the patient may rise significantly. The overshoot is thought to be due to precipitation of acute withdrawal signs by naloxone. Given alone to nonaddicts, naloxone produces no pharmacological effects. Naloxone is approved for use in neonates to reverse respiratory depression induced by maternal opioid use. In addition, naloxone has been used to improve circulation in patients in shock, an effect related to blockade of endogenous opioids. Other experimental and less well documented uses for naloxone include reversal of coma in alcohol overdose, appetite suppression, and alleviation of dementia from schizophrenia. Side effects of naloxone are minor.

Technology Process of Naloxone

There total 34 articles about Naloxone which guide to synthetic route it. The literature collected by LookChem mainly comes from the sharing of users and the free literature resources found by Internet computing technology. We keep the original model of the professional version of literature to make it easier and faster for users to retrieve and use. At the same time, we analyze and calculate the most feasible synthesis route with the highest yield for your reference as below:

synthetic route:

Reference yield: 92.0%

Naloxone methyl ether (131830-09-6,70866-64-7) → Naloxone (465-65-6)

Guidance literature:

With water; boron tribromide; In chloroform; at 10 - 20 ℃; for 0.833333h;

DOI:10.1002/recl.19831020303

Reference yield: 84.0%

noroxymorphone (33522-95-1) + allyl bromide (106-95-6) → Naloxone (465-65-6)

Guidance literature:

With triethylamine; In 1-methyl-pyrrolidin-2-one; water; at 70 ℃; for 9.5h; Inert atmosphere;

Reference yield: 81.0%

17-allyl-4,5α-epoxy-3,14-dihydroxy-6,6-dimethoxymorphinan (1449113-77-2) → Naloxone (465-65-6)

Guidance literature:

With hydrogenchloride; In tetrahydrofuran; at 60 ℃; for 2h;

DOI:10.1002/adsc.201300284

upstream raw materials:

Naloxone methyl ether

noroxycodone

naloxone hydrochloride

C₄₄H₅₄N₄O₁₄

Downstream raw materials:

6β-Naloxol

6α-naloxol

naloxone 3,14-diacetate

naloxazone

Refernces

5,6-Dihydro-6-methocy-2H-pyrane-3(4H)-one, a building block for the syntheses of CNS-Agents(1))

10.1002/ardp.19903230704

The research focuses on the synthesis and evaluation of 5,6-dihydro-6-methoxy-2H-pyran-3(4H)-one derivatives as potential central nervous system (CNS) agents. The purpose of the study was to explore the stimulating effects of phenyl-pyranyl-piperidin derivative 5, which was prepared from the title compound 2, and to investigate its potential applications in the synthesis of CNS-active compounds. The research concluded that derivative 5 exhibited a strong stimulating effect in animal tests and showed pain-relieving effects comparable to tramadol in the Writhing Test at relatively low doses, without being antagonized by naloxone. The study also explored the regioselective reactions of compound 2 with various amino-phenylcarbonyl derivatives and phenylhydrazine, leading to the formation of different annulated pyranes.