Chemical Property of (1E)-2-[6-[[amino-[(Z)-[amino-(4-chloroanilino)methylidene]amino]methylidene]amino]hexyl]-1-[amino-(4-chloroanilino)methylidene]guanidine
Chemical Property:
- Appearance/Colour:colorless crystals
- Vapor Pressure:13.402mmHg at 25°C
- Melting Point:132-136 °C
- Refractive Index:1.6300 (estimate)
- Boiling Point:699.3 °C at 760 mmHg
- PKA:pKa 10.78 (Uncertain)
- Flash Point:376.7 °C
- PSA：167.58000
- Density:1.39 g/cm3
- LogP:6.28380
- Storage Temp.:Store below +30°C.
- Solubility.:water: soluble0.08% at 20°C
- Water Solubility.:0.08 g/100 mL (20 ºC)
- XLogP3:0.1
- Hydrogen Bond Donor Count:6
- Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count:2
- Rotatable Bond Count:13
- Exact Mass:504.2031964
- Heavy Atom Count:34
- Complexity:649
- Purity/Quality:
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99% *data from raw suppliers
Chlorhexidine *data from reagent suppliers
Safty Information:
- Pictogram(s):
Xi,
N
- Hazard Codes:Xi,N
- Statements:
36/37/38-43-51/53-50/53
- Safety Statements:
26-36/37-60-61
- MSDS Files:
-
SDS file from LookChem
Useful:
- Chemical Classes:Other Uses -> Biocides/Disinfectants
- Canonical SMILES:C1=CC(=CC=C1NC(=NC(=NCCCCCCN=C(N)N=C(N)NC2=CC=C(C=C2)Cl)N)N)Cl
- Isomeric SMILES:C1=CC(=CC=C1N/C(=N/C(=NCCCCCCN=C(N)/N=C(/N)\NC2=CC=C(C=C2)Cl)N)/N)Cl
- Recent EU Clinical Trials:Prospective Randomized Evaluation of Emerging Novel Treatments for Infection prophylaxis in Total Joint Replacement (PREVENT-iT): A Pilot Study
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Description
Chlorhexidine is a cationic broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent belonging to the bis(biguanide) family. Its mechanism of action involves destabilization of the outer bacterial membrane. It is effective on both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, although it is less effective with some Gram-negative bacteria. It has both bactericidal and bacteriostatic mechanisms of action.
Chlorhexidine's antimicrobial effects are associated with the attractions between chlorhexidine (cation) and negatively charged bacterial cells. After chlorhexidine is absorpted onto the organism's cell wall, it disrupts the integrity of the cell membrane and causes the leakage of intracellular components of the organisms.
Aqueous solutions of chlorhexidine are most stable within the pH range of 5-8. Above pH 8.0 chlorhexidine base is precipitated and in more acid conditions there is gradual deterioration of activity because the compound is less stable. Chlorhexidine is used primarily as a topical antiseptic/disinfectant in wound healing, at catheterization sites, in various dental applications and in surgical scrubs. It has a LD-50 orally in mice as a diacetate at 2gm./kg. In digluconate form the LD-50 is 1800 gm./kg.
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Uses
Chlorhexidine is an antibacterial used for numerous applications. It is a cationic polybiguanide (bisbiguanide) used primarily as its salts, dihydrochloride, diacetate, and digluconate. Chlorhexidine is one of those drugs which are enlisted/included in the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines, a list of the most important drugs needed in a basic health system.
Chlorhexidine is used as a germicidal compound in teat dips. Also used as navel treatment, udder and eye wash, surgical scrub and sterilization material.
Chlorhexidine is used primarily as a topical antiseptic/disinfectant in wound healing, at catheterization sites, in various dental applications and in surgical scrubs. it is used as an antibacterial agent in humans to control gingivitis and over all plaque control in preventative dentistry.
Hydrogenolysis of benzyl-nitrogen bonds.
Bacteriostatic;Detergent. chlorhexidine is used as a topical antiseptic in liquid cosmetics. It is strongly alkaline and may cause irritation. Chlorhexidine, the "gold standard" in oral antiseptics, has been used to optimize novel slow release chlorhexidine coatings based on fatty acids in surgical sutures. Chlorhexidine, antibacterial agent, has been used in preparaing chlorhexidine-functionalized calcium phosphate nanoparticles, useful for oral hygiene and dental treatment.
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Indications
This topical antiseptic product acts rapidly but, like hexachlorophene,
persists on the skin to give a cumulative, continuing antibacterial effect.
Like iodophors and alcohol, it is active against gram-positive and gram-negative
bacteria, including P. aeruginosa, as well as common yeasts and fungi. It does not
lose effectiveness in the presence of whole blood. Many consider it the antiseptic
of choice for skin cleansing and surgical scrubs. Contact allergy is not uncommon.
Chlorhexidine should not be used near the eyes or mucosal surfaces, because it may
cause irritation or even anaphylaxis.
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Therapeutic Function
Antimicrobial
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Clinical Use
Chlorhexidine is a biguanide topical antiseptic and disinfectant with broad antimicrobial efficacy. It is increasingly being used as an aseptic but it is also gaining use as a biocidal ingredient in shampoos, conditioners, hair dyes, sunscreens, toothpastes, mouthwashes (Corsodyl), wet wipes (also for babies), eye creams, antiwrinkle creams, moisturizers, contact lens solutions, and instillation gels for urinary catheters.Urticaria following application to intact skin or mucosae, in some cases accompanied by dyspnea, angioedema, syncope, or anaphylaxis has been described via the mucosal route at much lower concentration than elsewhere, generally as low as 0.05%.
