Chemical Property of Adefovir dipivoxil
Chemical Property:
- Appearance/Colour:It has broad-spectrum antiviral activity
- Vapor Pressure:2.52E-16mmHg at 25°C
- Melting Point:98-102 °C
- Refractive Index:1.569
- Boiling Point:641 °C at 760 mmHg
- PKA:4.16±0.10(Predicted)
- Flash Point:341.5 °C
- PSA：176.79000
- Density:1.35 g/cm3
- LogP:3.28370
- Storage Temp.:−20°C
- Solubility.:ethanol: soluble50mg/mL
- XLogP3:1.8
- Hydrogen Bond Donor Count:1
- Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count:12
- Rotatable Bond Count:15
- Exact Mass:501.19884999
- Heavy Atom Count:34
- Complexity:706
- Purity/Quality:
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99.5%min *data from raw suppliers
Adefovir Dipivoxil *data from reagent suppliers
Safty Information:
- Pictogram(s):
Xi
- Hazard Codes:Xn
- Statements:
20/21/22
- Safety Statements:
36/37
- MSDS Files:
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SDS file from LookChem
Useful:
- Canonical SMILES:CC(C)(C)C(=O)OCOP(=O)(COCCN1C=NC2=C(N=CN=C21)N)OCOC(=O)C(C)(C)C
- Recent ClinicalTrials:Study Comparing the Safety of Switching From Lamivudine to Adefovir Dipivoxil Versus Overlapping Lamivudine and Adefovir Before Adefovir Dipivoxil Monotherapy in Patients With Chronic Hepatitis B
- Recent EU Clinical Trials:A multicentre randomized controlled trial evaluating the rate of sustained remission and the safety when stopping nucleos(t)ide analogue treatment in non-cirrhotic HBeAg-negative chronic Hepatitis B patients with long-term virologic response
- Recent NIPH Clinical Trials:Effect of nucleosid analog and peginterferon alfa 2a sequential therapy on patients with chronic hepatitis B
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Uses
Has a broad spectrum of antiviral activity, can be used for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B. Adefovir Dipivoxil(Preveon, Hepsera) works by blocking reverse transcriptase, an enzyme that is crucial for the hepatitis B virus (HBV) to reproduce in the body. It is approved for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B in adults with evidence of active vir A nucleotide analog, useful as an oral reverse transcriptase inhibitor (ntRTI).
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Description
Adefovir dipivoxil is the first nucleotide analog to be launched in the US as an oral
treatment for hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections. It can be easily prepared in 4 steps from
adenine. Adefovir dipivoxil acts as a bioavailable ester prodrug which is rapidly hydrolyzed
to free adefovir and further anabolized to its active form, adefovir diphosphate, by two
intracellular phosphotylation steps. The diphosphate competitively inhibits reverse
transcriptase and/or causes chain termination when incorporated into growing DNA.
Adefovir dipivoxil has a broad antiviral spectrum against retro-, herpes- and
hepadnaviruses. The drug inhibits HBV replication, decreases HBV DNA levels and
improves liver histology of patients infected with HBV wild type and resistant to other
antivirals such as lamivudine. It also demonstrated activity in hepatitis B”e” antigennegative,
or precore mutant, patients and in patients co-infected with HIV. To date, no
adefovir dipivoxil-associated resistance mutations have been identified in patients up to
136 weeks with the drug. The oral bioavailability of adefovir after oral administration of its
dipivoxil prodrug is approximately 30%. It is mainly excreted unchanged in the urine and its
plasma elimination half-life is 4.2 h. However, a long intracellular half-life (17 h) of the
active bisphosphorylated metabolite enables once-daily dosing. The most prominent
adverse effect of adefovir dipivoxil is nephrotoxicity (which has prevented the drug from
being marketed for HIV infections where the drug required administration at higher doses).
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Clinical Use
Adefovir dipivoxil joins interferon and lamivudine in the treatment of chronic HBV. It can be used singly or in combination with lamivudine. Early clinical studies indicate benefit of the use of adefovir dipivoxil to treat lamivudine-resistant HBV with a low level of resistant virus developing to monotherapy with adefovir dipivoxil.
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Drug interactions
Potentially hazardous interactions with other drugs
Use with caution in combination with other
nephrotoxins.
Antivirals: avoid concomitant administration with
tenofovir
Interferons: use with caution with peginterferon alfa.
