D-gluconate

Base Information

• Chemical Name: D-gluconate
• CAS No.: 4468-02-4
• Molecular Formula: C12H22O14Zn
• Molecular Weight: 455.68 .
• Hs Code.: 2918.16 Oral rat LD50: > 5,000 mg/kg
• UNII: W552L9Y4VZ
• DSSTox Substance ID: DTXSID60896805
• Nikkaji Number: J312.641B
• Wikipedia: Zinc_gluconate
• Wikidata: Q27103046
• NCI Thesaurus Code: C84248
• RXCUI: 58300
• Mol file: 4468-02-4.mol

Synonyms:boron gluconate;D-gluconate;D-gluconic acid;dextronic acid;gluconate;gluconic acid;gluconic acid, (113)indium-labeled;gluconic acid, (14)C-labeled;gluconic acid, (159)dysprosium-labeled salt;gluconic acid, (99)technecium (5+) salt;gluconic acid, 1-(14)C-labeled;gluconic acid, 6-(14)C-labeled;gluconic acid, aluminum (3:1) salt;gluconic acid, ammonium salt;gluconic acid, calcium salt;gluconic acid, cesium(+3) salt;gluconic acid, cobalt (2:1) salt;gluconic acid, copper salt;gluconic acid, Fe(+2) salt, dihydrate;gluconic acid, lanthanum(+3) salt;gluconic acid, magnesium (2:1) salt;gluconic acid, manganese (2:1) salt;gluconic acid, monolithium salt;gluconic acid, monopotassium salt;gluconic acid, monosodium salt;gluconic acid, potassium salt;gluconic acid, sodium salt;gluconic acid, strontium (2:1) salt;gluconic acid, tin(+2) salt;gluconic acid, zinc salt;lithium gluconate;magnerot;magnesium gluconate;maltonic acid;manganese gluconate;pentahydroxycaproic acid;sodium gluconate;zinc gluconate

Chemical Property of D-gluconate

Chemical Property:

• Appearance/Colour: White crystalline powder
• Vapor Pressure: 4.95E-21mmHg at 25°C
• Melting Point: 131oC
• Boiling Point: 673.6 °C at 760 mmHg
• Flash Point: 375.2 °C
• PSA: 254.90000
• Density: 1.44[at 20℃]
• LogP: -7.14290
• Solubility.: Soluble in water, practically insoluble in anhydrous ethanol and in methylene chloride.
• Water Solubility.: Soluble in water 100g/ l.
• XLogP3: -2.7
• Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 5
• Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 7
• Rotatable Bond Count: 4
• Exact Mass: 195.05047769
• Heavy Atom Count: 13
• Complexity: 165

Purity/Quality:

97-102%, ^*data from raw suppliers

ZincGluconateHydrate ^*data from reagent suppliers

Safty Information:

• Pictogram(s):  
• Hazard Codes: 

MSDS Files:

SDS file from LookChem

Useful:

• Chemical Classes: Other Uses -> Food Additives
• Canonical SMILES: C(C(C(C(C(C(=O)[O-])O)O)O)O)O
• Isomeric SMILES: C([C@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](C(=O)[O-])O)O)O)O)O
• Recent EU Clinical Trials: Efficacy of zinc on human gut copper uptake depending on zinc type and dose regimen quantified with 64CuCl2 PET/CT-scan
• Uses: Zinc gluconate is an excellent nutrient zinc enhancer, having significant effect for the intellectual and physiological development of infants and young people with its absorption effect being better than inorganic zinc. China provides that it can be used for salt with the usage amount of 800~1000mg/kg; 230~470mg/kg in dairy product; 195~545mg/kg in infant and child food; in cereals and their products: 160~320mg/kg; 40 to 80 mg/kg in beverages and milk beverages. zinc gluconate helps maintain the skin in good condition and acts as a deodorant by preventing the growth of micro-organisms, such as bacteria, fungi or yeast, in a formulation. Zinc gluconate could also be effectively used in anti-acne products. Chelating agent. In high alkalinity bottle washes and other cleansers; in finish removers; in the tanning and textile industry. Zinc gluconate hydrate is used as a food additive, a pharmaceutical intermediate.
• Production method: There are many routes of synthesis of gluconate zinc with reasonable ways including fermentation, air catalytic oxidation and calcium gluconate indirect synthesis. Fermentation Take glucose as raw materials with Aspergillus fermentation (oxidation) to generate into gluconic acid. After separation, purification, gluconate is neutralized by zinc oxide or zinc hydroxide for preparation of zinc gluconate. C6H12O6 + O2 [Aspergillus niger] → C6H11O6OH [ZnO] → (C6H11O6O) 2Zn + H2O The method is mainly used domestically and abroad, the reaction is simple; easy to get raw materials; low cost, but the fermentation process requires a higher technology. Air catalytic oxidation method Under the presence of the catalyst, the glucose is oxidized by air to produce gluconic acid; and then the sodium hydroxide solution is added dropwise to until the pH value reaches 9.0 to 10.0 so as to be converted into sodium gluconate; after filtering and separating the catalyst, the sodium gluconate solution is oxidized by strong acid cations exchange resin into high-purity gluconic acid solution; finally reacted with zinc oxide or zinc hydroxide to form zinc gluconate with concentration, crystallization and re-crystallization to obtain the product with the yield being over 80%. C6H12O6 + O2 [catalyst] → C6H11O6OH [NaOH] → C6H11O6ONa + H2O C6H11O6Ona [R-H] → C6H11O6OH [ZnO] → (C6H11O6O) 2Zn + H2O The method is easy to obtain raw materials with low cost and good product quality. Indirect synthesis from calcium gluconate Calcium gluconate, after being acidified by sulfuric acid is filtered to remove calcium sulfate precipitate to generate gluconic acid solution, which after being purified by ion exchange resin, has reaction with zinc oxide or zinc hydroxide to generate zinc gluconate; further carry out filtration, crystallization and drying to get the finished product. (C6H11O6O) 2Ca [H2SO4] → C6H11O6OH [ZnO] → (C6H11O6O) 2Zn + H2O Add 27 mL (0.5 mol) concentrated sulfuric acid to 500 mL water; successively add 224 g (0.5 mo1) of calcium gluconate and the reaction was carried out at 90 ° C for 1.5 h. The calcium sulfate precipitate was filtered off to give a pale yellow liquid. After cooling, the liquid flowed at a flow rate corresponding to resin volume per minute through the exchange column equipped with the same amount of anion and cation exchange resin to obtain a colorless transparent gluconic acid solution with the relative density of 1.10 to 1.12. The content is 20% and the yield is 95%. Take 0.1 mol of gluconic acid solution, and separately add 4.1 g (0.05 mol) of zinc oxide for reaction at 60 ° C for 2 hours. Add drop wise of gluconate liquid to pH=5.7 at the same time and concentrate the 1/3 the volume of the original volume. Add 10 mL 95% ethanol and stand 8 h. The product was purified by crystallization, separation and vacuum drying to obtain 21.8 g product with a 96% yield and purity of 99.3%. It can be obtained through the neutralization between zinc oxide and gluconic acid.