Phosphorus pentoxide

Base Information

• Chemical Name: Phosphorus pentoxide
• CAS No.: 1314-56-3
• Molecular Formula: O10P4
• Molecular Weight: 283.89
• Hs Code.: HOSPHOROUS PENTOXIDE PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION
• European Community (EC) Number: 615-868-1
• ICSC Number: 0545
• UN Number: 1807
• Nikkaji Number: J351.175H
• Wikipedia: Phosphorus pentoxide
• Wikidata: Q27109994
• Mol file: 1314-56-3.mol

Synonyms:P2O5;phosphoric anhydride;phosphorus pentoxide

Chemical Property of Phosphorus pentoxide

Chemical Property:

• Appearance/Colour: white to yellow crystalline powder
• Vapor Pressure: 1 mm Hg ( 384 °C)
• Melting Point: 340 °C(lit.)
• Refractive Index: 1.433-1.436
• Boiling Point: 122 °C (1 mmHg)
• Flash Point: 340-360°C
• PSA: 145.79000
• Density: 2.46 g/cm³
• LogP: 1.17880
• Storage Temp.: Store at RT.
• Sensitive.: Moisture Sensitive
• Solubility.: Soluble in sulfuric acid. Insoluble in acetone and ammonia.
• Water Solubility.: Soluble in sulfuric acid. Insoluble in acetone and ammonia. Decomposes in water.
• XLogP3: -2.1
• Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 0
• Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 5
• Rotatable Bond Count: 0
• Exact Mass: 141.92209709
• Heavy Atom Count: 7
• Complexity: 124

Purity/Quality:

99% ^*data from raw suppliers

Phosphorus pentoxide ^*data from reagent suppliers

Safty Information:

• Pictogram(s): C
• Hazard Codes: C
• Statements: 35
• Safety Statements: 22-26-45

MSDS Files:

SDS file from LookChem

Useful:

• Chemical Classes: Other Classes -> Phosphorus Compounds
• Canonical SMILES: O=P(=O)OP(=O)=O
• Inhalation Risk: Evaporation at 20 °C is negligible; a harmful concentration of airborne particles can, however, be reached quickly when dispersed.
• Effects of Short Term Exposure: The substance is very corrosive to the eyes, skin and respiratory tract. Corrosive on ingestion. Inhalation of dust may cause lung oedema. The effects may be delayed. Medical observation is indicated.
• description: phosphorus pentoxide, also known as phosphoric anhydride, is phosphorus oxides generated by combustion of white phosphorus, yellow or red phosphorus in dry air, soft white powder or colorless monoclinic crystal at room temperature, easily deliquescence, melting point is 580~585 ℃, relative density is 2.39, sublimation is 347 ℃. When heated under pressure to 563 ℃, crystalline substance translates to amorphous glass (melt). It is insoluble in acetone, ammonia, soluble in sulfuric acid. phosphorus pentoxide is easy to absorb moisture from the air, and have a strong dehydration, can even dehydrate concentrated sulfuric acid to produce sulfur trioxide, is a potent desiccant, reacts violently with water and emits heat and white smoke. Per mole of phosphorus pentoxide releases 68 kilocalories, usually generate metaphosphate with cold water, and generate mainly phosphoric acid with hot water. According to the amount of water added, it can generate different pentavalent phosphorus oxyacid, such as metaphosphoric acid, pyrophosphoric acid, orthophosphoric acid, etc. phosphorus pentoxide is used to make high purity phosphoric acid, as well as gas and liquid desiccant, organic synthetic dehydrating agent.
• Uses: Used as a drying agent, dehydrating agent, sugar refining agent, and used for the preparation of phosphoric acid, phosphorous compounds and aerosol, etc. Used as a semiconductor silicon doped source, dehydration drying agent, organic synthetic condensing agent and surfactant, it is also used for preparation of high purity phosphoric acid. It is used as raw material for the production of high purity phosphoric acid, phosphates and phosphate, also used for the preparation of phosphorus pentoxide sol and H-based aerosol. It can be used as a desiccant of gases and liquids, dehydrating agent for organic synthesis, antistatic agents of synthetic fiber and sugar refining agent. It is also used in the manufacture of optical glass, UV transparent glass, insulating glass, microcrystalline glass and opaque glass, etc, so as to improve the dispersion coefficient and UV light through ability of the glass. Also used in the production of pharmaceuticals, pesticides, surfactants. It is used as the semiconductor dopant, and raw material for the preparation of high purity phosphoric acid. It is used as desiccant and dehydrating agent, condensing agent in organic synthesis. High purity grade phosphorus pentoxide can be used as dopant for drawing optical fiber preform, N type dopant for the manufacture of integrated circuits, used for the synthesis of optical crystal. It is used as a dehydrating agent, in organic synthesis, and in hydrocarbon analysis. Drying and dehydrating agent. Condensing agent in organic synthesis. Phosphorus(V) oxide is used as a drying and dehydrating agent, a condensation reagent in organic synthesis and a laboratory reagent. It is also used in sugar refining and in fire extinguishing. Phosphorus pentoxide in DMSO forms an Onodera reagent which oxidizes alcohols. It is capable of converting mineral acids to anhydrides.
• Production method: Reagent grade phosphorus pentoxide is as raw material, purified by burning sublimation in sufficiently dry oxygen gas stream, trapping sublimate by the condenser, to obtain high-purity phosphorus pentoxide products. Yellow phosphorus is heated and melted by oxidation method, transfered to the oxidation furnace for oxidation combustion reaction with dry air (via dehydration of concentrated sulfuric acid), phosphorus pentoxide produced is sublimated by heat, cold in the top of burners and falls into interior settling chamber at the bottom, to prepare pentoxide products. Exhaust escapes from the oxidation furnace to a cyclone to recover phosphorus pentoxide dust. Recycling and the settling chamber finished product are together packaged as a finished product. P4 + 5O2 → 2P2O5
• Physical properties: White, deliquescent, powdery solid; exhibits polymorphism; converts to several different crystalline forms on heating; the commercial material consists of hexagonal crystals; the hexagonal crystals on very rapid heating first melt at 420°C and then resolidify immediately to glassy orthorhombic crystals; slow heating of hexagonal crystals causes melting at 340°C which, on solidification, gives the same metastable orthorhombic form; the glassy material melts at about 580°C to a colorless and heavily viscous liquid; sublimes at 360°C; density of the commercial product 2.39g/cm3; reacts with water.

Refernces

Heterocyclic steroids - part X: Total synthesis of 12,15-bisthia-1,3,5(10),6,8,13(14)-gonahexaen-17-one

10.1016/0039-128X(81)90038-6

The research focuses on the total synthesis of 12,15-bisthia-1,3,5(10),6,8,13(14)-gonahexaen-17-one (III), a heterocyclic steroid compound. The study aims to explore the influence of sulfur at position '12' of the steroid nucleus on biological activity, building on previous work on 3-deoxy-12-thiaequilenin and 12-thiaequilenin methyl ether. The synthesis involves a series of chemical reactions starting with 1-chloromethylnaphthalene (IV), which is treated with thioglycollic acid in sodium hydroxide to form l-naphthylmethyl-thioacetic acid (V). This compound is then cyclodehydrated with phosphorus pentoxide to yield 1-oxo-3-thia-1,2,3,4-tetrahydrophenanthrene (VI). Further reactions with thioglycollic acid and p-toluenesulfonic acid (PTS) lead to the formation of (3-thia-3,4-dihydrophenanthren-1-yl)thioacetic acid (VII), which is cyclodehydrated again to obtain the target compound (III).

Decarboxylative diarylation reaction of 2-methoxypropanoic acid in a phosphorus pentoxide-methanesulfonic acid mixture yielding 1,1-diarylethanes

10.1021/jo960103t

2-Methoxypropionic acid (O-methyllactic acid, 1) is a carboxylic acid with a methoxy group attached to the second carbon atom of the propane chain. It is liquid at room temperature and soluble in organic solvents such as methanesulfonic acid and polyphosphoric acid. It is the main reactant in this study. The methoxy and carboxyl groups are essential to the reaction mechanism that ultimately produces 1,1-diarylethane. Phosphorus pentoxide (P2O5) is a compound with the molecular formula P2O5. It is a white crystalline solid that is highly hygroscopic and reacts violently with water to produce phosphoric acid. It acts as a dehydrating agent and a strong acid catalyst in the reaction mixture. It is essential for the oxidative decarboxylation step. The research demonstrates a novel tandem diarylation reaction that selectively forms 1,1-diarylethanes from 2-methoxypropanoic acid in the presence of P2O5-MeSO3H. The reaction shows specific substrate requirements and is influenced by the nucleophilic character of the aromatic compounds used.