108191-13-5

Upstream product

• 50-00-0 formaldehyd 
• 54977-92-3 4-amino-N-(benzyl)benzamide 
• 4755-50-4 4-(dimethylamino)benzoyl chloride 
• 100-46-9 benzylamine 
• 619-84-1 p-N,N-dimethylaminobenzoic acid 
• 100-10-7 4-dimethylamino-benzaldehyde 
• 622-79-7 benzyl azide 
• 108168-59-8 4-(dimethylamino)benzoyl fluoride 
• 1644630-67-0 C₁₅H₁₃ClN₂O₄ 
• 1703-46-4 N,N-dimethyl-4-hydroxymethylaniline 

Downstream Products

• 1311147-05-3 N-benzyl-4-(dimethylamino)-N-(methoxy(phenyl)methyl)benzamide 
• 1311147-04-2 N-benzyl-4-(dimethylamino)-N-(methoxy(p-tolyl)methyl)benzamide 
• 1311147-19-9 2-benzyl-5-(dimethylamino)-3-p-tolylisoindolin-1-one 
• 1311147-20-2 2-benzyl-5-(dimethylamino)-3-phenylisoindolin-1-one 
• 55096-85-0 4-((benzylamino)methyl)-N,N-dimethylaniline 
• 1384953-85-8 C₂₀H₃₀N₂Si 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Amide synthesis from alcohols and amines catalyzed by a RuII-N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC)-carbonyl complex

Treatment of [Ru2(CO)4(CH3CN)6](BF4)2 with 3-methyl-1-(pyridin-2-yl)-imidazolium bromide in the presence of tetrabutylammonium bromide at room temperature in dichloromethane affords a RuII-N-heterocyclic carbene-carbonyl complex [Ru(py-NHC)(CO)2Br2] (1). Catalyst 1 displays diverse substrate scope for phosphine-free acceptorless coupling between alcohols and amines to amides at low catalyst loading. A RuII-dihydride/Ru0 sequence is proposed in the catalytic cycle.

Copper and N-Heterocyclic Carbene-Catalyzed Oxidative Amidation of Aldehydes with Amines

A one-pot two-step oxidative process has been developed for the tert-butyl hydroperoxide mediated transformation of aldehydes and amines into amides catalyzed by copper(I) iodide and an N-heterocyclic carbene. The process is additive-free and does not require the amine to be transformed into its hydrochloride salts. The method is simple and practicable, has a broad substrate scope, and uses economical, feasible, and abundant reagents.

Tris(o-phenylenedioxy)cyclotriphosphazene as a Promoter for the Formation of Amide Bonds between Aromatic Acids and Amines

The atom-efficient formation of amide bonds has emerged as a top-priority research field in organic synthesis, as amide bonds constitute the backbones of proteins and represent an important structural motif in drug molecules. Currently, the increasing demand for novel discoveries in this field has focused substantial attention on this challenging subject. Herein, the degradable 1,3,5-triazo-2,4,6-triphosphorine (TAP) motif is presented as a new condensation system for the dehydrative formation of amide bonds between diverse combinations of aromatic carboxylic acids and amines. The underlying reaction mechanism was investigated, and potential catalyst intermediates were characterized using 31 P NMR spectroscopy and ESI mass spectrometry.

Diboron-Catalyzed Dehydrative Amidation of Aromatic Carboxylic Acids with Amines

Tetrakis(dimethylamido)diboron and tetrahydroxydiboron are herein reported as new catalysts for the synthesis of aryl amides by catalytic condensation of aromatic carboxylic acids with amines. The developed protocol is both simple and highly efficient over a broad range of substrates. This method thus represents an attractive approach for the use of diboron catalysts in the synthesis of amides without having to resort to stoichiometric or additional dehydrating agents.

The α-effect in hydrazinolysis of 4-chloro-2-nitrophenyl x-substituted-benzoates: Effect of substituent x on reaction mechanism and the α-effect

Second-order rate constants (kN) have been measured spectrophotometrically for the reaction of 4-chloro-2- nitrophenyl X-substituted-benzoates (6a-6h) with a series of primary amines including hydrazine in 80 mol % H2O/20 mol % DMSO at 25.0°C. The Bronsted-type plot for the reaction of 4-chloro-2-nitrophenyl benzoate (6d) is linear with βnuc = 0.74 when hydrazine is excluded from the correlation. Such a linear Bronsted-type plot is typical for reactions reported previously to proceed through a stepwise mechanism in which expulsion of the leaving group occurs in the rate-determining step (RDS). The Hammett plots for the reactions of 6a-6h with hydrazine and glycylglycine are nonlinear. In contrast, the Yukawa-Tsuno plots exhibit excellent linear correlations with ?X = 1.29-1.45 and r = 0.53-0.56, indicating that the nonlinear Hammett plots are not due to a change in RDS but are caused by resonance stabilization of the substrates possessing an electron-donating group (EDG). Hydrazine is ca. 47-93 times more reactive than similarly basic glycylglycine toward 6a-6h (e.g., the α-effect). The α-effect increases as the substituent X in the benzoyl moiety becomes a stronger electronwithdrawing group (EWG), indicating that destabilization of the ground state (GS) of hydrazine through the repulsion between the nonbonding electron pairs on the two N atoms is not solely responsible for the substituent-dependent α-effect. Stabilization of transition state (TS) through five-membered cyclic TSs, which would increase the electrophilicity of the reaction center or the nucleofugality of the leaving group, contributes to the α-effect observed in this study.

Palladium-catalyzed fluorocarbonylation using N-formylsaccharin as CO source: General access to carboxylic acid derivatives

N-Formylsaccharin, an easily accessible crystalline compound, has been employed as an efficient CO source in Pd-catalyzed fluorocarbonylation of aryl halides to afford the corresponding acyl fluorides in high yields. The reactions use a near-stoichiometric amount of the CO source (1.2 equiv) and tolerate diverse functional groups. The acyl fluorides obtained could be readily transformed into various carboxylic acid derivatives such as carboxylic acid, esters, thioesters, and amides in a one-pot procedure.

Facile preparation of amides from carboxylic acids and amines with ion-supported Ph3P

Ion-supported Ph3P, 4-(diphenylphosphino)benzyltrimethylammonium bromide (IS-Ph3P), could be used for the facile amidation of a wide range of carboxylic acids with amines in the presence of bromotrichloromethane to provide the corresponding amides in good yields. In the present reaction, the desired amides were obtained in good yields with high purity by simple extraction of the reaction mixture with diethyl ether or chloroform and subsequent removal of the solvent from the extract. Moreover, ion-supported Ph3PO (IS-Ph3PO), which was a co-product derived from IS-Ph3P in the present reductive condensation, was recovered in high yield and could be reduced to IS-Ph3P for reuse in the same amidation of carboxylic acid.

A simple base-mediated amidation of aldehydes with azides

A practical and efficient amidation reaction involving aromatic aldehydes and various azides under mild conditions is described. A broad spectrum of functional groups was tolerated, and the amides were synthesized in moderate to excellent yields, presenting an attractive alternative to the currently available synthetic methods.

Nickel(0)-catalyzed cyclization of N -benzoylaminals for isoindolinone synthesis

A nickel(0) catalyst effectively mediates the cyclization of N-benzoyl aminals in the presence of a stoichiometric Lewis acid. This method enables preparation of a variety of isoindolinones with substitution on the benzoyl fragment and C-3 carbon. This reaction likely proceeds via an α-amidoalkylnickel(II) intermediate, which then may cyclize via either an electrophilic aromatic substitution or an insertion pathway.

Synthesis and Anticonvulsant Activity of Analogues of 4-Amino-N-(1-phenylethyl)benzamide

A group of amides and amines related to 4-amino-N-(1-phenylethyl)benzamide, 1, were prepared in a study on the relationship of structure to anticonvulsant activity in this compound. Acylation and alkylation of the amino group of 1 resulted in almost total loss of anticonvulsant activity. Insertion of a methylene between the 4-amino group and the aromatic ring of 1 produced a slight increase in anticonvulsant potency and a significant increase in toxicity. Hydride reduction of the amide carbonyl in 1 also yielded compounds having a slightly lower ED50 against convulsions induced by electroshock and a much lower TD50 in the rotorod assay. Modification of the 1-phenylethyl group of 1 also decreased anticonvulsant potency.