109971-66-6Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Bioreductively Activatable Prodrug Conjugates of Combretastatin A-1 and Combretastatin A-4 as Anticancer Agents Targeted toward Tumor-Associated Hypoxia
Chaplin, David J.,Davis, Peter,Devkota, Laxman,Gerberich, Jeni L.,Hamel, Ernest,Kuch, Bunnarack,Macdonough, Matthew T.,Mason, Ralph P.,Mondal, Deboprosad,Pinney, Kevin G.,Ramirez, Alejandro J.,Shi, Zhe,Strecker, Tracy E.,Trawick, Mary Lynn,Wang, Yifan,Winn, Blake A.
, (2020/03/30)
The natural products combretastatin A-1 (CA1) and combretastatin A-4 (CA4) function as potent inhibitors of tubulin polymerization and as selective vascular disrupting agents (VDAs) in tumors. Bioreductively activatable prodrug conjugates (BAPCs) can enha
N–H insertion reaction via an iron carbenoid from α-diazophenylpropionate and its application to the formal total synthesis of stizolobinic acid
Homma, Hiroki,Miyairi, Shinichi,Mizuta, Katsumi,Saito, Hiroaki,Shinohara, Hideyuki,Uchiyama, Taketo
, (2020/10/13)
The formal total synthesis of the non-proteinogenic amino acid stizolobinic acid was accomplished relying as key step on an iron carbenoid-based N–H insertion reaction. The N–H insertion of α-diazophenylpropionate and benzylamine derivative catalyzed by tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)porphyrin iron (III) chloride afforded the desired N–H insertion product in 79% yield. This is the first example of an N–H insertion involving α-diazophenylpropionate and an aliphatic amine catalyzed by an iron(III) porphyrin complex.
Increased endothelial cell selectivity of triazole-bridged dihalogenated A-ring analogues of combretastatin A-1
Beale, Thomas M.,Bond, Peter J.,Brenton, James D.,Charnock-Jones, D. Stephen,Ley, Steven V.,Myers, Rebecca M.
, p. 1749 - 1759 (2012/04/10)
The antiproliferative activity on ovarian cancer (SK-OV-3) cells of a series of triazole-bridged combretastatin analogues (37, 38, 40-43) containing dihalogenation of the A-ring is reported, and compared with their trimethoxy analogues (5, 15, 39). It was found that dihalogenation with either bromine or iodine was a tolerated modification when compared to the parent compound combretastatin (CA-4, 1) and had less effect than B-ring modification on potency. These compounds exhibited G2/M arrest, and maintained antitubulin activity. Further assays on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) demonstrated the potential antivascular effects of these triazoles. Of particular note was a 3,5-diiodo-4-methoxyaryl triazole (43) which had promising 7-fold selectivity for HUVECs over ovarian cancer cells.
Synthesis and biological evaluation of combretastatin analogs as cell cycle inhibitors of the G1 to S transition in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Coccetti, Paola,Montano, Giuseppe,Lombardo, Alessandro,Tripodi, Farida,Orsini, Fulvia,Pagliarin, Roberto
scheme or table, p. 2780 - 2784 (2010/08/19)
A series of Z and E combretastatin A-4 analogs bearing different substituents (OH, F, NO2, NH2, B(OH)2) in the 3′ position were synthesized. These derivatives and Z and E combretastatin A-1 were analysed by monitoring their ability to inhibit cell growth in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Combretastatin A-1 (2a), A-4 (2b) and compound 2c were found to inhibit yeast growth. Moreover, combretatstatin A-4 (2b) and compound 2c induced a G1 arrest by affecting the synthesis of Clb5 protein, the principal S-phase cyclin. The G1 arrest is coincident with the activation of the stress activated kinase Snf1.
Antineoplastic agents. 578. synthesis of stilstatins 1 and 2 and their water-soluble prodrugs
Pettit, George R.,Thornhill, Andrew,Melody, Noeleen,Knight, John C.
experimental part, p. 380 - 388 (2009/12/04)
Efficient syntheses of 3,4-methylenedioxy-4′,5-dimethoxy-2′, 3′-dihydroxy-Z-stilbene (stilstatin 1, 2), 3,4,4′-trimethoxy- 2′,3′,5-trihydroxy-Z-stilbene (stilstatin 2, 5), and respective phosphate prodrugs have been summarized. Both 2 and 5 were accessed via a convergent step synthesis using phosphonium bromides 6 and 21 in Wittig reactions with 2,3- bis(tert-butyldimethylsilyloxy)-4′-methoxybenzaldehyde 14. Deprotection of silyl ethers 15 and 26 with TBAF furnished 2 and 5, respectively. Phosphorylation of 2 and 5 afforded the phosphoric acid intermediates 17 and 28 for prodrug development. These phosphoric acid precursors were employed in parallel series of reactions to produce a selection of metal cation prodrug candidates. The biological activities of stilstatins 1 (2)and2(5) and their respective prodrugs were evaluated against a panel of one murine (P388) and six human cancer cell lines. Compared to combretastatin A-2 (1), stilstatin 1 (2) has an additional vicinal hydroxy group on the B ring, the presence of which was detrimental to the cancer cell line potency; in vivo, however, compound 2 would be predicted to have greater anticancer activity resulting from the o-quinone mechanism of action analogous to that of combretastatin A-1 (4). The substitution of a hydroxy group for a methoxy group on the A ring of combretastatin A-1 (4), resulting in stilstatin 2 (5), gave rise to a modest level of inhibition consistent with that found for 4 against cancer cell lines.
Antineoplastic agents. 579. Synthesis and cancer cell growth evaluation of E-stilstatin 3: A resveratrol structural modification
Pettit, George R.,Melody, Noeleen,Thornhill, Andrew,Knight, John C.,Groy, Thomas L.,Herald, Cherry L.
experimental part, p. 1637 - 1642 (2010/03/31)
As an extension of our earlier structure/activity investigation of resveratrol (1a) cancer cell growth inhibitory activity compared to the structurally related stilbene combretastatin series (e.g., 2a), an efficient synthesis of E-stilstatin 3 (3a) and its phosphate prodrug 3b was completed. The trans-stilbene 3a was obtained using a convergent synthesis employing a Wittig reaction with phosphonium bromide 9 as the key reaction step. Deprotection of the Z-silyl ether 13 gave E-stilstatin 3 (3a) as the exclusive product. The structure and stereochemistry of 3a was confirmed by X-ray crystal structure determination.
Development of synthetic methodology suitable for the radiosynthesis of combretastatin A-1 (CA1) and its corresponding prodrug CA1P
Shirali, Anupama,Sriram, Madhavi,Hall, John J.,Nguyen, Benson L.,Guddneppanavar, Rajsekhar,Hadimani, Mallinath B.,Ackley, J. Freeland,Siles, Rogelio,Jelinek, Christopher J.,Arthasery, Phyllis,Brown, Rodney C.,Murrell, Victor Leon,McMordie, Austin,Sharma, Suman,Chaplin, David J.,Pinney, Kevin G.
experimental part, p. 414 - 421 (2009/12/05)
Synthetic methodology has been established suitable for the preparation of combretastatin A-1 (CA1) and its corresponding phosphate prodrug salt (CA1P) in high specific activity radiolabeled form. Judicious selection of appropriate phenolic protecting groups to distinguish positions on the A-ring from the B-ring of the stilbenoid was paramount for the success of this project. Methylation of the C-4' phenolic moiety by removal of the tert- butyldimethylsilyl protecting group in the presence of methyl iodide was accomplished in excellent yield without significant Z to E isomerization. This step (carried out with 12C-methyl iodide as proof of concept in this study) represents the process in which a 14C radioisotope could be incorporated in an actual radiosynthesis. CA1 is a natural product isolated from the African bush willow tree (Combretum caffrum) that has important medicinal value due, in part, to its ability to inhibit tubulin assembly. As a prodrug, CA1P (OXi4503) is in human clinical trials as a vascular disrupting agent.
