1102-19-8

Basic information

• Product Name: 1,1'-DIBENZYL-4,4'-BIPYRIDINIUM DICHLORIDE
• Synonyms: BENZYL VIOLOGEN;BENZYL VIOLOGEN DICHLORIDE;BENZYL VIOLOGEN DICHLORIDE SALT;1,1'-DIBENZYL-4,4'-BIPYRIDINIUM DICHLORIDE;1,1'-DIBENZYL-4,4'-BIPYRIDINIUM DICHLORIDE SALT;1,1’-bis(phenylmethyl)-4,4’-bipyridiniumdichloride;4’-bipyridinium,1,1’-dibenzyl-dichloride;benzylviologenchloride
• CAS NO: 1102-19-8
• Molecular Formula: C₂₄H₂₂N₂*2Cl
• Molecular Weight: 409.35
• EINECS: 214-158-5
• Product Categories: Functional Materials;Photochromic Compounds;Pyridinium Compounds;Viologens (Photochromic, Related Compounds)
• Mol File: 1102-19-8.mol
• Article Data: 7

Chemical Properties

• Melting Point: 262 °C (dec.)
• Appearance: White to off-white/Solid
• Storage Temp.: Sealed in dry,Room Temperature
• Water Solubility: Soluble in water
• BRN: 3811585
• CAS DataBase Reference: 1,1'-DIBENZYL-4,4'-BIPYRIDINIUM DICHLORIDE(CAS DataBase Reference)
• NIST Chemistry Reference: 1,1'-DIBENZYL-4,4'-BIPYRIDINIUM DICHLORIDE(1102-19-8)
• EPA Substance Registry System: 1,1'-DIBENZYL-4,4'-BIPYRIDINIUM DICHLORIDE(1102-19-8)

Safety Data

• Hazard Codes: Xn
• Statements: 20/21/22-36/37/38
• Safety Statements: 26-36
• WGK Germany: 3
• RTECS: DW1930000
• F: 3-10
• Hazardous Substances Data: 1102-19-8(Hazardous Substances Data)

Usage

Uses

BVD can be reduced to its neutral state by using sodium borohydride, which forms an n-type dopant for organic semiconductor based applications. It may be introduced to form a path for the transport of electrons from the thylakoid membranes to the mediator, which can be used in the fabrication of photo-driven bioanode. It also acts as a dopant with 2D layered materials to form an n-type chemical dopant that can be used to enhance the electrical properties of the triboelectric devices.

General Description

Benzyl viologen dichloride (BVD) is an electrochromic indicator, which contains two chlorine atoms and an organic constituent attached with two nitrogen cations. In a redox reaction, BVD can be reduced in three states with different colors.

Upstream product

• 553-26-4 4,4'-bipyridine 
• 100-44-7 benzyl chloride 

Downstream Products

• 13096-46-3 benzyl vilogen cation radical 
• 1364040-28-7 [1,1'-dibenzyl-4,4'-bipyridinium][Ni(maleonitriledithiolate)2] 
• 1364040-26-5 [1,1'-dibenzyl-4,4'-bipyridinium][Cu(maleonitriledithiolate)2] 
• 1364040-30-1 [1,1'-dibenzyl-4,4'-bipyridinium][Pt(maleonitriledithiolate)2] 
• 13096-46-3 1,1'-dibenzyl-4,4'-bipyridinium 

Relevant articles and documents

Glow Discharge Plasma Reduction of Viologen Homologues and Organic Dyes in Solid and Solvated States

A variety of viologen homologues (1,1'-disubstituted 4.4'-dipyridinium ions) were reduced both in solid and in DMF solution by a radio-frequency gaseous plasma.Reduction occured very rapidly and quantitatively with plasma exposure and resulted in the corresponding cation radicals.These radicals were oxidized on exposure to air but reduced again with repeated plasma exposure indicating that the reduction is an one-electron process.In a similar manner organic compounds such as methylene blue and brilliant green were also reduced effectively by the plasma.From kinetic study and ESR measurements approximate electron concentrations responsible for the reduction in the plasma were estimated.

Effects of pressure on the thermal back electron transfer in a dibenzylbipyridinium salt. Solvent reorganizations and dynamic solvent effects

Kinetic effects of pressure on a decay of a radical pair produced by UV irradiation of N,N′-dibenzyl-4,4′-bypyridinium dichloride were studied in acetonitrile (AN) and propylene carbonate (PC). Both in AN and PC, the process was accelerated by an increase in pressure indicating a considerable contraction of the solvation sphere during the activation. Furthermore, in PC, pressure-induced retardation was observed at P > 200 MPa and it was attributed to slow solvent thermal fluctuations at high pressures. Copyright

Poly(Xylylviologen) Electron Transfer Mediators in Amperometric Glucose Sensors

Water-soluble poly(o-xylylviologen dibromide) and poly(p-xylylviologen dibromide) are shown to efficiently mediate electron transfer from reduced glucose oxidase to a conventional carbon paste electrode.Because of their low oxidation potentials, glucose sensors based on glucose oxidase and these mediators can be operated in a potential range where oxidation of interfering species such as ascorbic acid and uric acid does not occur.The corresponding monomeric materials, benzylviologen bromide and dibenzylviologen dibromide cannot serve as electron transfer mediators astheir formal potentials are more negative than that of the flavin redox centers in glucose oxidase.