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Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Iron-Catalyzed Intramolecular C-H Amination of α-Azidyl Amides

Iron-catalyzed intramolecular C-H amination of aliphatic azides has recently emerged as a powerful tool for the preparation of nitrogen heterocycles. This paper reports that α-azidyl amides can be converted in high efficacy to imidazolinone compounds via intramolecular C(sp3)-H amination by the action of a simple catalytic system composed of FeCl2 and a β-diketiminate ligand. The reactions provide a simple and atom-economical approach toward polysubstituted imidazolinones.

A Biphasic Medium Slows Down the Transfer Hydrogenation and Allows a Selective Catalytic Deuterium Labeling of Amines from Imines Mediated by a Ru?H/D+ Exchange in D2O

The transfer hydrogenation (TH) of several aldimines has been studied using [RuCl(p-cymene)(dmbpy)]BF4, 1, (dmbpy=4,4′-dimethyl-2,2′-bipyridine) as a precatalyst. Both neat water and a biphasic water/toluene mixture (w/t) have been successfully used as solvents. In the w/t medium the corresponding precursors, amine and aldehyde, were also used as substrates for a transfer hydrogenative reductive amination. Selective deuterium labeling of the resulting alkylated amines was the main goal of this work. On using D2O the D-content in the amine was negligible but a high level of D-incorporation was achieved in D2O/toluene. According to calculations, this is due to the effect of the relative rates of the hydride transfer and that of the RuH/D+ exchange. The incorporation of deuterium increases with time as a consequence of the reduction in the hydride transfer rate as the substrate concentration diminishes. The recyclability assays performed reflect the importance of pH in the selectivity of the TH towards the imine or the aldehyde resulting from imine hydrolysis.

Reductive amination without an external hydrogen source

A method of reductive amination without an external hydrogen source is reported. Carbon monoxide is used as the reductant. The reaction proceeds efficiently for a variety of carbonyl compounds and amines at low catalyst loadings and is mechanistically interesting as it does not seem to involve molecular hydrogen. Look, no H2! Reductive amination without an external hydrogen source has been developed using carbon monoxide as the reductant and rhodium acetate (0.2-1mol %) as catalyst. The method tolerates a variety of functional groups and provides target amines in good to excellent yields.

Development of a general non-noble metal catalyst for the benign amination of alcohols with amines and ammonia

The N-alkylation of amines or ammonia with alcohols is a valuable route for the synthesis of N-alkyl amines. However, as a potentially clean and economic choice for N-alkyl amine synthesis, non-noble metal catalysts with high activity and good selectivity are rarely reported. Normally, they are severely limited due to low activity and poor generality. Herein, a simple NiCuFeOx catalyst was designed and prepared for the N-alkylation of ammonia or amines with alcohol or primary amines. N-alkyl amines with various structures were successfully synthesized in moderate to excellent yields in the absence of organic ligands and bases. Typically, primary amines could be efficiently transformed into secondary amines and N-heterocyclic compounds, and secondary amines could be N-alkylated to synthesize tertiary amines. Note that primary and secondary amines could be produced through a one-pot reaction of ammonia and alcohols. In addition to excellent catalytic performance, the catalyst itself possesses outstanding superiority, that is, it is air and moisture stable. Moreover, the magnetic property of this catalyst makes it easily separable from the reaction mixture and it could be recovered and reused for several runs without obvious deactivation. Copyright

Transfer hydrogenation of imines with ammonia-borane: A concerted double-hydrogen-transfer reaction

(Chemical Equation Presented) Direct transfer hydrogenation of imines was observed with ammonia-borane, which proceeded under mild conditions without the help of a catalyst. The results of deuterium kinetic isotope effects, Hammett correlations, and DFT calculations all support a concerted double-hydrogen- transfer mechanism (see scheme).