115995-25-0Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Synthesis of N-arylpyridinium salts bearing a nitrone spin trap as potential mitochondria-targeted antioxidants
Robertson, Linsey,Hartley, Richard C.
experimental part, p. 5284 - 5292 (2009/11/30)
The generation of excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) in mitochondria is responsible for much of the oxidative stress associated with ageing (aging), and mitochondrial dysfunction is part of the pathology of neurodegeneration and type 2 diabetes. Lipophilic pyridinium ions are known to accumulate in mitochondria and this paper describes a general route for the preparation of nitrone-containing N-arylpyridinium salts having a range of lipophilicities, as potential therapeutic antioxidants. The compatibility of nitrones with the Zincke reaction is the key to their synthesis. Their trapping of carbon-centred radicals and the EPR spectra of the resulting nitroxides are reported.
Synthesis and Characterization of Phenyl-Substituted C-Phenyl-N-tert-butylnitrones and Some of Their Radical Adducts
Hinton, Randall D.,Janzen, Edward, G.
, p. 2646 - 2651 (2007/10/02)
Synthesis of C-phenyl-N-tert-butylnitrone (PBN) and several of its analogues with substituents in the 2-, 3-, or 4-position on the phenyl ring is described.While a one-pot reduction/condensation method proved suitable for the most compounds, it was necessary to prepare some examples by direct condensation or through oxidation of the appropriate imine.The 1H NMR data for the 3-X- and 4-X-PBN's can be correlated with the Hammett equation.For the 3-X series Δδ for the α-proton correlates best with ?+ and has a correlation coefficient of 0.90.For the 4-X series a dual substituent parameter equation using ?R0 gives the best correlation with r = 0.99.The hyperfine splitting constants (hfsc's) of HO and HOO adducts of serveral substituted PBN's are also included and their correlation with the Hammett equation is discussed.
