118409-57-7

Usage

Uses

Used in Pharmaceutical Industry:
AG 18 is used as an inhibitor for the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) for its ability to inhibit EGF-dependent cell proliferation. This makes it a potential candidate for the development of targeted cancer therapies, particularly for tumors that overexpress EGFR.
Used in Cancer Research:
AG 18 is used as a research tool to study the role of EGFR in cancer cell growth and proliferation. Its specificity and potency in inhibiting EGFR make it a valuable compound for understanding the underlying mechanisms of cancer development and progression.
Used in Drug Development:
AG 18 is used as a starting point for the development of new drugs targeting EGFR-mediated signaling pathways. Its chemical properties and inhibitory activity can be further optimized to improve its efficacy, selectivity, and pharmacokinetic properties, potentially leading to the development of more effective cancer treatments.
Used in Drug Delivery Systems:
AG 18 can be incorporated into various drug delivery systems, such as nanoparticles or liposomes, to improve its bioavailability, targeting, and therapeutic outcomes. These systems can help overcome limitations in drug solubility, stability, and delivery, ultimately enhancing the effectiveness of AG 18 in cancer treatment.

Biological Activity

Inhibitor of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) kinase (IC 50 values are 35 and 25 μ M respectively). Inhibits EGF-stimulated cell proliferation. Also acts as a mitochondrial uncoupler that alters phosphorylation-dependent cell signaling.

Biochem/physiol Actions

Tyrphostin 23 is a small molecule inhibitor of epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor kinase function. This molecule associates with the substrate subsite of the protein tyrosine kinase (PTK) domain,.

InChI:InChI=1/C10H6N2O2/c11-5-8(6-12)3-7-1-2-9(13)10(14)4-7/h1-4,13-14H

Upstream product

• 109-77-3 malononitrile 
• 139-85-5 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde 
• 6515-06-6 3,4-bis-methoxymethoxy-benzaldehyde 
• 110-89-4 piperidine 

Downstream Products

• 122520-85-8 AG 99 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Synthesis of Polyfunctionalized Pyrroles via Green Chemical Methods

Water was found to be an excellent solvent for the one-pot synthesis of tetrasubstituted pyrrole derivatives under ultrasound involving the standard Knoevenagel condensation followed by the Michael type reaction. A new catalyst free system, excellent atom

Effect of supramolecular polymeric aggregation in room temperature ionic liquids (RTILs) on catalytic activity in the synthesis of 4H-chromene derivatives and Knoevenagel condensation

RTILs exhibit supramolecular self-assembled polymeric aggregation due to noncovalent interactions. The influence of the aggregation behaviour of RTILs on catalytic activity is evident but still poorly understood. The present work focuses on establishing a

Supramolecular polymeric aggregation behavior and its impact on catalytic properties of imidazolium based hydrophilic ionic liquids

Ionic Liquids (ILs) self-assemble to form supramolecular polymeric clusters/aggregates. The aggregation behavior of ILs influences its activity in the organic synthesis. However, the precise role of ILs in organic reactions is still unknown. It is, therefore, important to comprehend the supramolecular polymeric aggregation behavior of ILs. We are exploring the supramolecular polymeric aggregation behavior of ILs using Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry (ESI-MS). We have synthesized four hydrophilic ILs (1–4) and investigated their aggregation behavior and its impact on catalytic activity in Carbon-Carbon bond formation (Knoevenagel and Claisen-Schmidt condensation). Here, we show that the aggregation behavior of ILs depends on the type and nature of cation and anion. ESI-MS (?ve) spectra reveals two different type of aggregation i.e. [CnAn+1]? & [A2 + H+]?. We have found that catalytic activity increases with increased [CnAn+1]? supramolecular aggregation. Consequently, highest yield of products obtained in ILs which show decreased anion-anion aggregation [A2 + H+]? abundance in ESI-MS. We anticipate our results to be a starting point for the establishment of desired ILs for organic synthesis.

Novel Application of Polymer Networks Carrying Tertiary Amines as a Catalyst Inside Microflow Reactors Used for Knoevenagel Reactions

A novel application is described for utilizing hydrogel dots as organocatalyst carriers inside microfluidic reactors. Tertiary amines were covalently immobilized in the hydrogel dots. Due to the diffusion of reactants within the swollen hydrogel dots, the

Solvatochromism of catechol derivatives - Solute/solvent interactions

The solvatochromism of nine push-pull substituted catechol derivatives has been studied in a set of 39 various solvents. The influence of successive methyl substitution at the catechol OH groups on the extent of the solvatochromic shift has been investiga

Cytoprotective compounds, pharmaceutical and cosmetic formulations, and methods

Cytoprotective compounds, many of which are phenolic derivatives characterized by a substituted phenol having certain conjugated bonds, are useful in the treatment of certain ischemic or inflammatory conditions, including but not limited to stroke, myocardial infarction, congestive heart failure, and skin disorders characterized by inflammation or oxidative damage. They are also useful in the manufacture of pharmaceutical and cosmetic formulations for the treatment of such conditions.

Structural studies on bioactive compounds. 32. Oxidation of tyrphostin protein tyrosine kinase inhibitors with hypervalent iodine reagents

Hydroxylated styrenes (tyrphostins) undergo oxidation by hypervalent iodine oxidants such as [(diacetoxy)iodo]benzene (DAIB) to give a range of products depending on the structure of the phenolic substrate, the solvent, the oxidant stoichiometry, and the purification strategy. Conditions have been developed to modify the phenolic component of the tyrphostin without affecting the appended substituted-vinyl moiety. Novel products include: unstable 2-acyloxy-2-methoxy-4-(substituted-vinyl)cyclohexadienones and their rearrangement products 2-acyloxy-4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-1-(substituted- vinyl)benzenes; phenyliodoniophenolates and their rearrangement products iodophenoxytyrphostins; and 3,3'-dialkoxy-2,2'-dihydroxy-5,5'-di(substituted- vinyl)biphenyls. None of these oxidation products displayed enhanced activity in vitro in the NCI 60-cell line panel or in a panel of human breast cancer cell lines, compared to their tyrphostin precursors. The inhibitory activity of three representative tyrphostins (3e,n, 28) was not modulated by aerobic/anaerobic conditions in MCF-7 and MDA 468 cells and was independent of EGFR status in clones of ZR75B cells transfected with this receptor. Basal growth of MCF-7 cells was unaffected by co-administration of the growth factors EGF, TGF-α, IGF-I, and IGF-II, and the new agents did not inhibit EGFR and c-erbB2 autophosphorylation in cell lysates from MDA 468 or SkBr3 cells, respectively, suggesting that receptor tyrosine kinases are not targets for these compounds. Growth stimulation by the tyrphostin 3n in the ER+ breast cell lines MCF-7, T47D, and ZR75-1 was abolished by 1 μM tamoxifen, suggesting that this compound has estrogen agonist activity.

New solid phase Knoevenagel catalyst

A new solid phase Knoevenagel catalyst has been prepared and evaluated. The new resin based catalyst reduces by-product formation and has the advantage over conventional Knoevenagel catalysts of simple removal by filtration.

Cosmetic composition

A composition suitable for topical application to mammalian skin and hair for inducing, maintaining or increasing hair growth comprises a hair growth promoter chosen from glutamine derivatives and salts thereof. The composition preferably also comprises an activity enhancer which may be chosen from hair growth stimulants, penetration enhancers and cationic polymers.

Cosmetic composition containing DOPA derivatives

A composition for topical application to human hair or skin contains a chemical analogue of dihydroxyphenyl alanine (DOPA). This chemical analogue can be absorbed by skin or by a hair follicle and metabolised in-vivo, thus leading to the formation of melanin in skin or to the growth of melanin-pigmented hair. Consequently the composition can give controlled skin darkening to mimic sun-induced tanning or can bring about the growth of dar hair in place of the grey or white hair.