Ammonium azide is a non-hygroscopic, colorless, odorless crystalline solid with the chemical formula NH4N3. It is an explosive chemical compound that is orthorhombic in structure, with dimensions a=0.893 nm, b=0.864 nm, and c=0.380 nm. Ammonium azide melts at 160 °C and decomposes at 400 °C. It is soluble in water, ammonia, ethanol, glycerol, and methanol, while being sparingly soluble in allyl alcohol, butanol, and isobutanol. It is insoluble in acetone, aniline, benzaldehyde, benzene, carbon disulfide, chlorobenzene, chloroform, diethyl ether, ethyl acetate, isoamyl alcohol, methyl acetate, methyl ethyl ketone, nitrobenzene, tetrachloroethane, toluene, and xylene.
12164-94-2
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Basic information
- Product Name: ammonium azide
- Synonyms: ammonium azide
- CAS NO:12164-94-2
- Molecular Formula: H4N4
- Molecular Weight: 60.05856
- EINECS: 235-315-4
- Product Categories: N/A
- Mol File: 12164-94-2.mol
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Chemical Properties
- Melting Point: 160℃ [CIC73]
- Boiling Point: °Cat760mmHg
- Flash Point: °C
- Appearance: /orthorhombic crystals
- Density: 1.346
- Refractive Index: N/A
- Storage Temp.: N/A
- Solubility: N/A
- Water Solubility: g NH4N3/100g H2O: 16.0 (0°C), 25.3 (20°C), 37.1 (40°C) [LAN05]
- CAS DataBase Reference: ammonium azide(CAS DataBase Reference)
- NIST Chemistry Reference: ammonium azide(12164-94-2)
- EPA Substance Registry System: ammonium azide(12164-94-2)
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Safety Data
- Hazard Codes: N/A
- Statements: N/A
- Safety Statements: N/A
- RIDADR: 0473
- WGK Germany:
- RTECS:
- HazardClass: 1.1A
- PackingGroup: N/A
- Hazardous Substances Data: 12164-94-2(Hazardous Substances Data)
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12164-94-2 Usage
Uses
Used in Explosive Applications:Ammonium azide is used as an oxygen-free explosive material due to its ability to detonate and release nitrogen and hydrogen gases. The chemical reaction for this process is NH4N3 → 2 N2 + 2 H2, with traces of ammonia also being produced. It is one of the few oxygen-free explosive materials that can be handled relatively safely, making it a valuable component in the explosive industry.
Used in Chemical Research:
Ammonium azide's unique chemical properties and solubility characteristics make it a useful compound for various chemical research applications. It can be utilized in the study of explosive materials, as well as in the development of new chemical processes and reactions that involve nitrogen and hydrogen gases.
Used in Pharmaceutical Industry:
Due to its solubility in water, ammonia, and other solvents, ammonium azide can be used in the pharmaceutical industry for the development of new drugs or as a component in drug formulations. Its explosive properties may also be of interest in the development of propellants or other delivery systems for medicinal applications.
Used in Analytical Chemistry:
Ammonium azide's solubility and chemical properties make it a potential candidate for use in analytical chemistry, particularly in the development of new analytical methods or techniques that involve the detection or analysis of nitrogen and hydrogen gases.
Preparation
Ammonium azide can be made by bubbling anhydrous ammonia in a ether solution of HN3. Since ammonium azide is almost insoluble in ether, it will precipitate.The precipitate is filtered and vacuum dried. Water traces are removed using phosphorus pentoxide in a desiccator.Heating a mixture of sodium azide with ammonium nitrate in a stream of dry air in a tube at 190 °C for 30 min will yield ammonium azide. The yield of the process is 93%. Ammonium sulfate can also be used instead of nitrate.http://www.sciencemadness.orgSafety Profile
Poison by inhalation and ingestion. See also AZIDES. Moderately flammable. Unstable. Explosion hazard upon rapid heating.Check Digit Verification of cas no
The CAS Registry Mumber 12164-94-2 includes 8 digits separated into 3 groups by hyphens. The first part of the number,starting from the left, has 5 digits, 1,2,1,6 and 4 respectively; the second part has 2 digits, 9 and 4 respectively.Calculate Digit Verification of CAS Registry Number 12164-94:
(7*1)+(6*2)+(5*1)+(4*6)+(3*4)+(2*9)+(1*4)=82
82 % 10 = 2
So 12164-94-2 is a valid CAS Registry Number.
InChI:InChI=1/N3.H3N/c1-3-2;/h;1H3/q-1;/p+1
12164-94-2Upstream product
12164-94-2Downstream Products
12164-94-2Related news
Pressure-tuned vibrational resonance coupling of intramolecular fundamentals in ammonium azide (cas 12164-94-2) (NH4N3)08/01/2019
The peculiar behavior of the symmetric stretch of the N3-anion and the bending mode of the NH4-cation in the high-pressure phase II (above 3 GPa) of the molecular ionic crystal NH4N3 has been studied by pressure-dependent Raman spectroscopy up to a pressure of 20 GPa. The spectra in the pressure...detailed
Stabilization of ammonium azide (cas 12164-94-2) particles through its microencapsulation with some organic coating agents07/31/2019
This work is devoted to reduce spontaneous sublimation of ammonium azide at ambient and elevated temperatures by means of two microencapsulation techniques involving solvent/non-solvent and solvent evaporation methods in which stearic acid, Viton and nitrocellulose (NC) have been tested as coati...detailed
Pressure induced polymorphism in ammonium azide (cas 12164-94-2) (NH4N3)07/30/2019
Pressure-dependent Raman spectroscopy studies reveal polymorph phase transition in simple molecular ionic crystal NH4N3 at pressure ≈3 GPa unobserved by recent ab initio evolutionary structure searches. Hydrogen bonding is spectroscopically evident in both low- and high-pressure phases. The str...detailed
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ammonium azide
