124318-69-0Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Towards allosteric receptors synthesis of β-cyclodextrin- functionalised 2,2'-bipyridines and their metal complexes
Kremer, Christopher,Schnakenburg, Gregor,Lutzen, Arne
, p. 814 - 824 (2014)
Herein, we present three new 2,2'-bipyridines that carry two β-cyclodextrin moieties in different substitution patterns. When coordinated by zinc(II) or copper(I) ions (or their complexes), these compounds undergo conformational changes and switch between
Isolating substituent effects in Re(I)-phenanthroline electrocatalysts for CO2 reduction
Roell, Sarah A.,Schrage, Briana R.,Ziegler, Christopher J.,White, Travis A.
, (2020/01/02)
The development of highly-active molecular electrocatalysts for reducing CO2 to value-added products requires an intimate knowledge of the structural and electronic features surrounding the active site. We previously illustrated how electronic modifications to fac-[ReI(R2phen)(CO)3Cl] electrocatalysts (R2phen = 2,9-disubstituted-1,10-phenanthrolines) strongly dictate CO2 reduction; more specifically, introducing methoxy substituents at both the ortho/para positions of a phenyl ring attached to phenanthroline generated high catalytic activity. In the current work, we have prepared four structurally-related Re(I) electrocatalysts to isolate the electronic effects associated with each methoxy group's positioning around the phenyl ring (i.e. none, ortho, meta, or para). The diimine ligands 2,9-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline (Ph2phen), 2,9-bis(2,6-dimethoxyphenyl)-1,10-phenanthroline ((2,6-dmp)2phen), 2,9-bis(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-1,10-phenanthroline ((3,5-dmp)2phen), and 2,9-bis(4-methoxyphenyl)-1,10-phenanthroline ((4-mp)2phen) were prepared, and the subsequent fac-[ReI(R2phen)(CO)3Cl] complexes were synthesized, characterized, and studied for electrocatalytic CO2 reduction. Following 90 min electrolysis at Eapp = ?2.55 V vs. Fc+/0 in DMF solvent, the ortho methoxy-substituted analogue (labeled Re((2,6-dmp)2phen)) produced 35 μmol CO, corresponding to a turnover number = 14 (TON = mol CO per mol Re catalyst) and a Faradaic efficiency = 84% (F.E. = mol CO per mol electrons). The remaining Re electrocatalysts produced significantly lower levels of CO (Re(Ph2phen): 1.8 μmol CO; Re((3,5-dmp)2phen): 2.4 μmol; Re((4-mp)2phen): 4.2 μmol CO), emphasizing the important electronic contribution that ortho substituted methoxy groups provide towards enhancing electron density at the Re active site to rapidly, and selectively, convert CO2 substrate to CO product.
A facile route to Aryl-substituted 1,10-phenanthrolines by means of Suzuki coupling reactions between substituted areneboronic acids and halogeno-1,10-phenanthrolines
Luening, Ulrich,Abbass, Michael,Fahrenkrug, Frank
, p. 3294 - 3303 (2007/10/03)
Twelve new mono- or diaryl-substituted 1,10-phenanthrolines (17 and 18) have been synthesized. The key step is a Suzuki coupling reaction between the substituted areneboronic acids 6, 11, and 15 and the mono- and dihalo-1,10-phenanthrolines 16. The syntheses of bis-ortho-substituted boronic acids 6, 11, and 15 from substituted arenes 5 or substituted bromoarenes 10 and 14 by lithiation and subsequent treatment with trimethyl borate is described. Not only 2,9-diiodo- (16c) but also 2,9-dichloro-1,10-phenanthroline (16b) can be used with good yields (65-92%) in the described Suzuki coupling. For the syntheses of unsymmetrically substituted 1,10-phenanthrolines 18b, 18i, and 18j, the use of 2- chloro-9-iodo-1,10-phenanthroline is not necessary; two different bis-ortho-substituted arene rings can be introduced stepwise in 46 to 64% total yield. ( Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2002).
Bimacrocyclic 1,10-Phenanthroline Cyclophanes
Luening, Ulrich,Mueller, Michael
, p. 643 - 646 (2007/10/02)
The addition of lithium aryls 3 to 1,10-phenanthroline (2), functionalization of the rearomatized bisadduct 8b to the tetraphenol 8d, and cyclization of 8d with two equivalents of an α,ω-ditosylate 9 led to a highly symmetrical, conformer-free bimacrocyclic 1,10-phenanthroline 10a in which the basic and coordinating region possesses a concave shielding.
