124346-71-0Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Photoinduced Hydroarylation and Cyclization of Alkenes with Luminescent Platinum(II) Complexes
Cheng, Hanchao,Lam, Tsz-Lung,Liu, Yungen,Tang, Zhou,Che, Chi-Ming
supporting information, p. 1383 - 1389 (2020/11/30)
Photoinduced hydroarylation of alkenes is an appealing synthetic strategy for arene functionalization. Herein, we demonstrated that aryl radicals generated from electron-deficient aryl chlorides/bromides could be trapped by an array of terminal/internal aryl alkenes in the presence of [Pt(O^N^C^N)] under visible-light (410 nm) irradiation, affording anti-Markovnikov hydroarylated compounds in up to 95 % yield. Besides, a protocol for [Pt(O^N^C^N)]-catalyzed intramolecular photocyclization of acrylanilides to give structurally diverse 3,4-dihydroquinolinones has been developed.
Synthesis of trans-2-Substituted Cyclopropylamines from α-Chloroaldehydes
West, Michael S.,Mills, L. Reginald,McDonald, Tyler R.,Lee, Jessica B.,Ensan, Deeba,Rousseaux, Sophie A. L.
supporting information, p. 8409 - 8413 (2019/10/14)
Cyclopropylamines are prevalent in pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals. Herein, we report the synthesis of trans-2-substituted cyclopropylamines in high diastereoselectivity from readily available α-chloroaldehydes. The reaction proceeds via trapping of an electrophilic zinc homoenolate with an amine followed by ring closure to generate the cyclopropylamine. We have also observed that cyclopropylamine cis/trans-isomerization occurs in the presence of zinc halide salts and that this process can be turned off by the addition of a polar aprotic cosolvent.
2-[N-Alkyl(R-phenyl)-aminomethyl]-3-phenyl-7-trifluoromethylquinoxalines as anticancer agents inhibitors of folate enzymes
Piras, Sandra,Carta, Antonio,Briguglio, Irene,Corona, Paola,Paglietti, Giuseppe,Luciani, Rosaria,Costi, Maria Paola,Ferrari, Stefania
, p. 169 - 183 (2014/03/21)
Based on our previous results on the ascertained potent growth inhibition effect against a panel of 60 human tumors cell lines at National Cancer Institute of Bethesda (NCI), we have synthesized a novel series of thirty-one 2-[N-methyl(R-phenyl)-aminomethyl]-3-phenyl-7-trifluoromethylquinoxalines (1-31). The lead compound 1 was previously reported to be endowed with significant inhibition against hDHFR enzyme, with a Ki of 0.2 μM. Docking studies were performed on compound 1 and here reported to predict its binding conformation to human dihydrofolate reductase (hDHFR). All compounds (1-31) were assayed versus hDHFR and human thymidylate synthase (hTS). From the screening emerged that all compounds inhibited hDHFR with Ki values included between 0.2 and 11 μM, while only a few (6, 21, 24, 27, 29) showed great activity and selectivity towards hTS. Evaluation of the anticancer activity was performed by NCI, first against the three cell line panel, and only the most active compounds (17, 21, 24, 26, 27) were evaluated on a panel of 60 human tumor cell lines. Compound 21 was the most active against all cell lines with log GI50 equal to -5.49 and log LC50 equal to -4.19 and maintained significant percent of growth inhibition on seven cancer cell lines at the concentration of 1 μM. Compound 17 was the second most active and moreover showed interesting selectivity against some cell lines (Lung cancer: A549/ATCC, Melanoma: UACC-257, Ovarian Cancer: ovcar-8 and Renal cancer: RXF 393) at all concentration examined (100-0.01 μM).
Design, synthesis, and molecular modeling of novel pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine analogues as antifolates; Application of buchwald-hartwig aminations of heterocycles
Gangjee, Aleem,Namjoshi, Ojas A.,Raghavan, Sudhir,Queener, Sherry F.,Kisliuk, Roy L.,Cody, Vivian
, p. 4422 - 4441 (2013/07/19)
Opportunistic infections caused by Pneumocystis jirovecii (P. jirovecii, pj), Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii, tg), and Mycobacterium avium (M. avium, ma) are the principal causes of morbidity and mortality in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). The absence of any animal models for human Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia and the lack of crystal structures of pjDHFR and tgDHFR make the design of inhibitors challenging. A novel series of pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidines as selective and potent DHFR inhibitors against these opportunistic infections are presented. Buchwald-Hartwig coupling reaction of substituted anilines with pivaloyl protected 2,4-diamino-6-bromo-pyrido[2,3-d] pyrimidine was successfully explored to synthesize these analogues. Compound 26 was the most selective inhibitor with excellent potency against pjDHFR. Molecular modeling studies with a pjDHFR homology model explained the potency and selectivity of 26. Structural data are also reported for 26 with pcDHFR and 16 and 22 with variants of pcDHFR.
A convenient one pot procedure for N-methylation of aromatic amines using trimethyl orthoformate
Padmanabhan, Seetharamaiyer,Reddy, N. Laxma,Durant, Graham J.
, p. 691 - 699 (2007/10/03)
Aromatic amines react with trimethyl orthoformate in the presence of concentrated sulfuric acid followed by acid hydrolysis to afford mono methylated amines in moderate to good yields.
Synthesis and dihydrofolate reductase inhibitory activities of 2,4- diamino-5-deaza and 2,4-diamino-5,10-dideaza lipophilic antifolates
Gangjee,Devraj,Queener
, p. 470 - 478 (2007/10/03)
Two series of nonclassical antifolates (2,4-diamino-5-deaza compounds 2- 5 and 5,10-dideaza compounds 6-13) were synthesized as inhibitors of dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) from Pneumocystis carinii (pc) and Toxoplasma gondii (tg) organisms that are responsible for fatal opportunistic infections in AIDS patients. Rat liver (rl) DHFR served as the mammalian reference enzyme to determine selectivity. Syntheses of the target 5-deaza compounds were achieved by initial construction of the pivaloyl-protected 2,4-diamino- 6-bromopyrido[2,3-d]-pyrimidine 17 via a cyclocondensation of 2,4,6- triaminopyrimidine with bromomalonaldehyde. Sequential Heck coupling of 17 with styrene followed by ozonolysis afforded the 6-formyl derivative 19. Reductive amination of 19 with 3,4,5-trimethoxyaniline afforded the N10-H analog. The N10-Me and N10-Et analogs were synthesized by nucleophilic displacement of the 6-bromomethyl derivative 22 (obtained from the 6-formyl derivative 19 by reduction and bromination) with the appropriate N- alkylaniline. The trans-5,10-dideaza analogs 6-8 were synthesized via a Heck coupling of the appropriate methoxystyrene with 17, and selective reduction of the resulting 9,10-double bond afforded target compounds 9-11. Further reduction to the tetrahydro derivatives afforded analogs 12 and 13. The 5- deaza N10-Me 3,4,5-trimethoxy analog 3 maintained the best balance of potency and selectivity against both tgDHFR and pcDHFR. Compared to trimethoprim, compound 3 was only slightly less selective but was 300-fold more potent against tgDHFR. The 5,10-dideaza analogs were generally less potent and selective than the 5-deaza compounds.
2,4-diaminopyridopyrimidine Inhibitors of Dihydrofolate Reductase from Pneumocystis carinii and Toxoplasma gondii
Rosowsky, Andre,Forsch, Ronald A.,Queener, Sherry F.
, p. 2615 - 2620 (2007/10/03)
Six previously unknown 2,4-diamino-6-(anilinomethyl)- and 2,4-diamino-6-pyridopyrimidines (5-10) were synthesized from 2,4-diamino-6-(bromomethyl)pyridopyrimidine hydrobromide (11*HBr) by treatment with the appropriate aniline or N-methylaniline in dimethylformamide at room temperature, with or without NaHCO3 present.Compounds 5-10 were tested as inhibitors of dihydrofolate reductase from Pneumocystis carinii, Toxoplasma gondii, and rat liver as a part of a larger effort directed toward the discovery of lipophilic nonclassical antifolates combining high enzyme selectivity and high potency.Of the six analogues tested, the most potent and selective against T. gondii DHFR was 2,4-diamino-6-pyridopyrimidine (7), which had an IC50 of 0.0047 μM against this enzyme as compared with 0.026 μM against the rat liver enzyme.The potency of 7 against T. gondii DHFR was similar to that of trimetrexate (TMQ, 1) and piritrexim (PTX, 2) but was >500-fold greater than that of trimethoprim (TMP, 3).However, while 7 was more selective than either TMQ (19*) or PTX (63*) against this enzyme, its selectivity in comparison with TMP was 8-fold lower. 2,4-Diamino-6-pyridopyrimidine (6) was 17-fold less active than 7 and was also less selective. 2,4-Diamino-6-pyridopyrimidine (10) had an IC50 of 0.022 μM against P. carinii DHFR and was comparable in potency to TMQ and PTX.The species selectivity of 10 for P. carinii versus rat liver DHFR was greater than that of either TMQ (21-fold) or PTX (31-fold).On the other hand, even though 10 was slightly more active than TMQ against the P. carinii enzyme, its selectivity was 7-fold lower than that of TMP.Thus, the goal of combining high enzyme binding activity, which is characteristic of the fused-ring compounds TMQ and PTX, with high selectivity for T. gondii and P. carinii DHFR versus rat liver DHFR, which is characteristic of the monocyclic compound TMP, remained unmet in this limited series.
The Chemistry of 2H-3,1-Benzoxazine-2,4(1H)-dione (Isatoic Anhydride). 21. A Mild Process For The Preparation of 10-Alkyl-9-acridanones And It's Application To The Synthesis of Acridone Alkaloids
Coppola, Gary M.,Schuster, Herbert F.
, p. 957 - 964 (2007/10/02)
10-Substituted-9-acridanones are readily prepared by the reaction of the corresponding isatoic anhydride with the lithium enolate of 2-cyclohexen-1-one.The initially formed product, the 1,2-dihydroacridone need not be purified but can be aromatized directly with DDQ to the desired acridone.This methodology is applicable to the synthesis of acridone natural products.Two alkaloids, 1,2,3-trimethoxy-10-methylacridone (9) and evoxanthine (10), were prepared from 4,5,6-trimethoxy-N-methylisatoic anhydride and 6-methoxy-4,5-methylenedioxy-N-methylisatoic anhydride respectively.In these trioxygenated systems, palladium-on-charcoal must be used to aromatize the penultimate intermediate.
