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Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Amino Acid Amide based Ionic Liquid as an Efficient Organo-Catalyst for Solvent-free Knoevenagel Condensation at Room Temperature

Abstract: Ionic liquids of amino acid amide were synthesized and used as an efficient catalyst for solvent-free Knoevenagel condensation. Synthesized ionic liquids are an environmentally benign, inexpensive, metal free and plays the dual role of solvent as well as an efficient catalyst for Knoevenagel condensation. A wide range of aliphatic, aromatic and heteroaromatic aldehydes easily undergo condensation with malononitrile and ethyl cyanoacetate. The reaction proceeds at room temperature without using any organic solvent and is very fast with good to excellent yield. Additionally, the catalyst is easily separable and recyclable without loss of activity. Graphic Abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.].

A straightforward method for the synthesis of functionalized trisubstituted alkenes through Na2S/Al2O3 catalyzed knoevenagel condensation

Na2S/Al2O3 catalyzed the Knoevenagel condensation between an aldehyde and an active methylene compound to yield various trisubstituted alkenes.

Ionic liquid as catalyst and reaction medium - A simple, efficient and green procedure for Knoevenagel condensation of aliphatic and aromatic carbonyl compounds using a task-specific basic ionic liquid

The basic ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hydroxide, [bmIm]OH, efficiently catalyzes Knoevenagel condensation without requirement of any organic solvent. A wide range of aliphatic and aromatic aldehydes and ketones easily undergo condensations with diethyl malonate, malononitrile, ethyl cyanoacetate, malonic acid and ethyl acetoacetate. The reactions proceed at room temperature and are very fast (10-30 min). However, the most significant feature of this methodology is the condensation of aliphatic aldehyde with diethyl malonate, which is not very easy to achieve by conventional reagents, and was not addressed adequately in literature providing a general and convenient procedure. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2006.

Hydroxyapatite-bound cationic ruthenium complexes as novel heterogeneous Lewis acid catalysts for Diels-Alder and aldol reactions

Creation of a stable and well-defined active center on a solid surface is a promising protocol for designing more efficient hybrid-catalysts that bridge the gap between homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis. Treatment of a hydroxyapatite-bound Ru complex (RuHAP) with an aqueous solution of AgX (X = SbF6-, TfO-) afforded a new type of cationic Ru phosphate complex, having potentially vacant coordination sites. These cationic RuHAPs exhibited Lewis acidity toward carbonyl and cyano groups, promoting Diels-Alder and Aldol reactions with high efficiencies. Moreover, no Ru leaching was detected in the above organic reactions, and then the catalysts were recyclable. Copyright

Base-free Knoevenagel condensation catalyzed by copper metal surfaces

For the first time Knoevenagel condensation has been catalyzed by elemental copper with unexpected activity and excellent isolated yields. Inexpensive, widely available copper powder was used to catalyze the condensation of cyanoacetate and benzaldehyde under mild conditions. To ensure general applicability, a wide variety of different substrates was successfully reacted.

A practical Knoevenagel condensation catalysed by imidazole

The Knoevenagel condensation of aldehydes with active methylene compounds is easily carried out in dichloromethane using imidazole as an inexpensive catalyst. The olefinic products were obtained in high to excellent yields.

High surface area MgO as a highly effective heterogeneous base catalyst for michael addition and knoevenagel condensation reactions

Magnesium oxide (MgO), obtained using a novel but simple procedure, was systematically investigated as a heterogeneous base catalyst for reactions taking place in the liquid phase, specifically the Michael addition and the Knoevenagel condensation. The ac

Aldol and Knoevenagel condensations catalysed by modified Mg-Al hydrotalcite: a solid base as catalyst useful in synthetic organic chemistry

Aldol and Knoevenagel condensations were performed with suitably activated Mg-Al hydrotalcite as catalyst in quantitative yields in the liquid phase under mild reaction conditions at a faster rate for the first time.

SYNTHESIS OF α,β-UNSATURATED CYANOESTERS PROMOTED BY TRI-N-BUTYLARSINE

A convenient synthesis of α,β-unsaturated cyanoesters in E-isomer exclusively promoted by tri-n-butylarsine under neutral condition is described.