130235-76-6Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Cross-benzoin and Stetter-type reactions mediated by KO: T Bu-DMF via an electron-transfer process
Ragno, Daniele,Zaghi, Anna,Di Carmine, Graziano,Giovannini, Pier Paolo,Bortolini, Olga,Fogagnolo, Marco,Molinari, Alessandra,Venturini, Alessandro,Massi, Alessandro
, p. 9823 - 9835 (2016/10/31)
The condensation of aromatic α-diketones (benzils) with aromatic aldehydes (benzoin-type reaction) and chalcones (Stetter-type reaction) in DMF in the presence of catalytic (25 mol%) KOtBu is reported. Both types of umpolung processes proceed with good efficiency and complete chemoselectivity. On the basis of spectroscopic evidence (MS analysis) of plausible intermediates and literature reports, the occurrence of different ionic pathways have been evaluated to elucidate the mechanism of a model cross-benzoin-like reaction along with a radical route initiated by an electron-transfer process to benzil from the carbamoyl anion derived from DMF. This mechanistic investigation has culminated in a different proposal, supported by calculations and a trapping experiment, based on double electron-transfer to benzil with formation of the corresponding enediolate anion as the key reactive intermediate. A mechanistic comparison between the activation modes of benzils in KOtBu-DMF and KOtBu-DMSO systems is also described.
Electron-transfer-initiated benzoin- and Stetter-like reactions in packed-bed reactors for process intensification
Zaghi, Anna,Ragno, Daniele,Di Carmine, Graziano,De Risi, Carmela,Bortolini, Olga,Giovannini, Pier Paolo,Fantin, Giancarlo,Massi, Alessandro
, p. 2719 - 2730 (2017/01/09)
A convenient heterogeneous continuous-flow procedure for the polarity reversal of aromatic α-diketones is presented. Propaedeutic batch experiments have been initially performed to select the optimal supported base capable to initiate the two electron-tra
Beyond benzoin condensation: Trimerization of aldehydes via metal-free aerobic oxidative esterification of aldehydes with benzoin products in the presence of cyanide
Kim, Yoo-Jin,Kim, Na Yeun,Cheon, Cheol-Hong
supporting information, p. 2514 - 2517 (2014/05/20)
An unusual trimerization of aldehydes in the presence of cyanide via metal-free aerobic oxidative esterification under ambient conditions is described. Various aromatic aldehydes provided the corresponding oxidative esterification products in good to excellent yields. Mechanistic studies suggested that this reaction would proceed via a two-step sequence: cyanide-catalyzed benzoin condensation of aldehydes and subsequent aerobic oxidative esterification of aldehydes with the resultant benzoin products. The usefulness of this protocol was further demonstrated by converting the resulting trimeric products into other biologically important compounds.
