13111-36-9Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Synthesis of Carbapenems Containing Peptidoglycan Mimetics and Inhibition of the Cross-Linking Activity of a Transpeptidase of l,d Specificity
Saidjalolov, Saidbakhrom,Edoo, Zainab,Fonvielle, Matthieu,Mayer, Louis,Iannazzo, Laura,Arthur, Michel,Etheve-Quelquejeu, Mélanie,Braud, Emmanuelle
supporting information, p. 3542 - 3551 (2021/02/05)
The carbapenem class of β-lactams has been optimized against Gram-negative bacteria producing extended-spectrum β-lactamases by introducing substituents at position C2. Carbapenems are currently investigated for the treatment of tuberculosis as these drugs are potent covalent inhibitors of l,d-transpeptidases involved in mycobacterial cell wall assembly. The optimization of carbapenems for inactivation of these unusual targets is sought herein by exploiting the nucleophilicity of the C8 hydroxyl group to introduce chemical diversity. As β-lactams are structure analogs of peptidoglycan precursors, the substituents were chosen to increase similarity between the drug and the substrate. Fourteen peptido-carbapenems were efficiently synthesized. They were more effective than the reference drug, meropenem, owing to the positive impact of a phenethylthio substituent introduced at position C2 but the peptidomimetics added at position C8 did not further improve the activity. Thus, position C8 can be modified to modulate the pharmacokinetic properties of highly efficient carbapenems.
Method of Making 6-Aminocaproic Acid As Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient
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Paragraph 0047; 0048, (2014/02/16)
The present invention provides a method for making 6-aminocaproic acid as an active pharmaceutical ingredient. The method comprises: performing a hydrolysis procedure to have ε-caprolactam react with acid or base to generate a first reaction mixture, performing a modification procedure to have a solubility regulating agent reacts with 6-aminocaproic acid in the first reaction mixture to form a second reaction mixture including an aminocaproic acid intermediate, performing a separation procedure to have the intermediate separated from the second reaction mixture and performing a hydrogenation procedure to have the aminocaproic acid intermediate hydrogenated to form a 6-aminocaproic acid product.
Substrate specificity of isopenicillin N synthase
Huffman,Gesellchen,Turner,Rothenberger,Osborne,Miller,Chapman,Queener
, p. 1897 - 1914 (2007/10/02)
Highly purified isopenicillin N synthase (IPNS) from two sources (naturally occurring in Penicillium chrysogenum and that expressed in Escherichia coli via a cloned gene derived from Cephalosporium acremonium) have been isolated and utilized in vitro to test synthetic modifications of the natural substrate, (L-α-amino-δ-adipyl)-L-cysteinyl-D-valine (ACV). A very sensitive procedure utilizing the ability of β-lactams to induce the synthesis of β-lactamase was employed to determine whether an ACV analogue could serve as a substrate for IPNS. A wide variety of amino and carboxyl terminal tripeptide substitutions were examined and found to elicit positive β-lactamase induction profiles. However, none of these modifications were found to function as efficiently as a substrate as ACV. One of the β-lactam products which was formed from the reaction of IPNS and the tripeptide analogue was independently synthesized and evaluated for antibacterial activity. Modification of the L-cysteine residue in the second position of ACV resulted in tripeptides that were unable to serve as substrates. Conversion of the D-valine residue in the third position of ACV to an aromatic amino acid or to a highly electronegative residue such as trifluorovaline resulted in elimination of substrate activity and creation of an inhibitor of the enzyme.
