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• 100-71-0 2-Ethylpyridine 
• 100-42-5 styrene 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Tris(benzhydryl) and Cationic Bis(benzhydryl) Ln(III) Complexes: Exceptional Thermostability and Catalytic Activity in Olefin Hydroarylation and Hydrobenzylation with Substituted Pyridines

A series of Ln(III) tris(benzhydryl) complexes [(p-tBu-C6H4)2CH]3Ln (Ln=La (1), Nd (2), Y (3)) were synthesized by the salt metathesis reactions of LnHal3(THF)3.5 (Ln=La, Nd, Hal=Cl; Ln=Y, Hal=I) and [(p-tBu-C6H4)2CH]Na. In 1–3 the benzhydryl ligands are linked with the metal centres in η4-coordination mode. For diamagnetic complexes 1 and 3 a fluxional behaviour was detected in solution. Complexes 1–3 proved to be thermally stable: no decomposition was observed even after heating their solutions in toluene-d8 at 140 °C during 72 h. The reactions of 1 and 2 with B(C6F5)3 allowed for the synthesis of base-free cationic complexes [(p-tBu-C6H4)2CH]2Ln[(p-tBu-C6H4)2CHB(C6F5)3] (Ln=La (4), Nd (5)) which adopt the structure of a contact ion pair. Combinations of 1–3 and borane ((B(C6F5)3, [Me2NHPh][B(C6F5)4], [Ph3C][B(C6F5)4]) as well as 4 and 5 were found to be highly efficient, regio- and chemoselective catalysts for hydroarylation and hydrobenzylation of C=C bonds of a variety of substrates with substituted pyridines. These catalysts enable highly challenging transformations such as hydrobenzylation of 1,1-disubstituted and internal C=C bonds. (Figure presented.).

Ortho-C–H addition of 2-substituted pyridines with alkenes and imines enabled by mono(phosphinoamido)-rare earth complexes

We here reported a special catalytic performance of mono(phosphinoamido)-ligated rare earth complexes in ortho-C–H functionalization of pyridines with nonpolar alkenes and polar imines. Upon treatment with one equiv. of borate reagent B(C6F5)3 or [Ph3C][B(C6F5)4], complex NP1-Sc can act as an efficient catalyst for ortho-C–H alkylation of pyridines towards alkenes. In the presence of 1:1 mixed secondary amine of HN (SiMe3)2 and HNBn2, complex NP2-Gd can catalyze ortho-C–H addition of pyridines towards imines, effectively. A wide range of substrates were subjected to the catalysis to render the one step synthesis of a variety of ortho-alkylated and ortho-aminoalkylated pyridine derivatives in good yields and an excellent regioselectivity and chemoselectivity.

Rare-earth-catalyzed C-H bond addition of pyridines to olefins

An efficient and general protocol for the ortho-alkylation of pyridines via C-H addition to olefins has been developed, using cationic half-sandwich rare-earth catalysts, which provides an atom-economical method for the synthesis of alkylated pyridine der