137960-09-9

Upstream product

• 3556-86-3 methyl 4-methyl-3-hydroxybenzoate 
• 66003-76-7 Diphenyliodonium triflate 
• 98-80-6 phenylboronic acid 
• 108-95-2 phenol 
• 2177-70-0 phenyl methacrylate 
• 137959-97-8 2-Methyl-3-phenoxy-1,3-butadiene 
• 922-67-8 propynoic acid methyl ester 

Downstream Products

• 209461-56-3 4-methyl-3-phenoxybenzoic acid 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

A small molecule inhibitor of PCSK9 that antagonizes LDL receptor binding via interaction with a cryptic PCSK9 binding groove

Proprotein convertase (PC) subtilisin kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibits the clearance of low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol from plasma by directly interacting with the LDL receptor (LDLR). As the interaction promotes elevated plasma LDL cholesterol levels and a predisposition to cardiovascular disease (CVD), it has attracted much interest as a therapeutic target. While anti-PCSK9 monoclonal antibodies have been successful in the treatment of hypercholesteremia by decreasing CVD risk, their high cost and a requirement for injection have prohibited widespread use. The advent of an orally bioavailable small molecule inhibitor of the PCSK9-LDLR interaction is an attractive alternative, however efforts have been tempered as the binding interface is unfavourable for binding by small organic molecules. Despite its challenging nature, we report herein the discovery of compound 3f as a small molecule inhibitor of PCSK9. The kinase inhibitor nilotinib emerged from a computational screen that was applied to identify compounds that may bind to a cryptic groove within PCSK9 and proximal to the LDLR-binding interface. A subsequent in vitro PCSK9-LDLR binding assay established that nilotinib was a bona fide but modest inhibitor of the interaction (IC50 = 9.8 μM). Through multiple rounds of medicinal chemistry, 3f emerged as a lead-like molecule by demonstrating disruption of the PCSK9-LDLR interaction at nanomolar levels in vitro (IC50 = 537 nM) with no inhibitory activity (IC50 > 10 μM) against a small panel of kinases. Compound 3f restored LDL uptake by liver cells at sub-micromolar levels and demonstrated excellent bioavailability when delivered subcutaneously in mice. Most significantly, compound 3f lowered total cholesterol levels in the plasma of wild-type mice, thereby providing proof-of-concept that the notion of a small molecule inhibitor against PCSK9 is therapeutically viable.

AMINOCOUMARIN COMPOUNDS AND METHODS OF THEIR USE

Disclosed are aminocoumarin compounds, pharmaceutical compositions containing aminocoumarin compounds, and methods of their use, e.g., in the treatment of a Gram- negative bacterial infection.

HETEROCYCLIC INHIBITORS OF PCSK9

This application relates to chemical compounds which may act as inhibitors of, or which may otherwise modulate the activity of, PCSK9, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, prodrug or polymorph thereof, and to compositions and formulations comprising such compounds, and methods of using and making such compounds. Compounds include compounds of Formula (I): (I) wherein A, D and Q are described herein.

Synthesis of Functionalized Aryloxy 1,3-Butadienes and Their Transformation to Diaryl Ethers via Diels-Alder Cycloaddition Reactions

The Diels-Alder reaction involving cycloaddition of aryloxy-substituted 1,3-butadienes with appropriate acetylenic electrophiles, followed by aromatization of the newly formed cyclohexadiene ring, has been used for the synthesis of diaryl ethers.The functionalized aryloxy 1,3-butadienes employed in this study were prepared by either of two methods: (1) methylenation of aryl esters via the Tebbe or related reagents, and (2) from 1-(aryloxy)-2-propanone by a sequence of formylation or alkylthio methylenation, and subsequent enolsilylation.A tetrasubstituted butadiene containing two phenoxy groups at the 1 and 3 positions also was prepared by the latter method.The cycloaddition reactions of 2,3-dioxy-substituted dienes occurred in high yield, but, as expected, with no regioselectivity to furnish nearly equal mixtures of regioisomeric cycloadducts.In contrast, application of 1,2,3-trihetero-substituted dienes resulted in regiospecific cycloaddition reactions.Transformation of the cyclohexadiene cycloadducts to an aromatic ring was accomplished by dehydrogenation with DDQ or by elimination during the cycloaddition process of a molecule of an alkyl mercaptan.A chiral acetylenic ketone derived from D- or L-serine underwent condensation, without racemization, with aryloxy dienes to provide diaryl ethers related to the isodityrosine antibiotics.

Synthesis of oxazolidine derivatives of β-[3-(aryloxy)aryl]-α-amino acids by application of the diels-alder reaction

The Diels-Alder reaction has been used to construct the diaryl ether unit in oxazolidine derivatives of β-[3-(aryloxy)aryl]-α-amino acids. Cycloaddition of acetylenic ketone 6 with substituted aryloxy dienes, and subsequent aromatization, provided the tit