13888-03-4Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Cobalt-catalyzed photolytic methoxycarbonylation of bromoalkanes in the presence of a Lewis acid
Cash, Daniel,Combs, Angela,Dragojlovic, Veljko
, p. 1143 - 1145 (2007/10/03)
Addition of a water-stable Lewis acid, indium trichloride, improved the rate of photochemical methoxycarbonylation of bromoalkanes. Primary and secondary bromoalkanes were carbonylated in good yields. Carbonylation of tertiary substrates was somewhat more difficult and some of them reacted too slowly for the reaction to be of a preparative value.
Studies on the chemical constituents of xanthoxylum nitidum (ROXB.) D.-C. (Fagara nitida ROXB.). III. The chemical constituents of the wood
Ishikawa,Seki,Nishigaya,Miura,Seki,Chen,Ishii
, p. 2014 - 2018 (2007/10/03)
the chemical constituents of the wood of Xanthoxylum nitidum (roxb.) D. C. (Fagara nitida ROXB.) were examined. Two phenylpropanoids, methyl nitinoate (2) and dihydrocuspidiol (3), and a benzodioxane type lignan, nitidanin (4), were newly isolated. The st
Free Radical Substitution. Part 38. The Effect of Solvent on the Atomic Chlorination and Bromination of 2-Substituted Butanes and the Importance of Steric Effects
Atto, Saeed Y.,Tedder, John M.,Walton, John C.
, p. 629 - 634 (2007/10/02)
The relative selectivity of atomic halogenation of 2-substituted butanes is influenced by the phase and by solvents.There are solvents which increase the selectivity compared with the gas phase and solvents which decrease the relative selectivity.However the most striking feature of the halogenation (especially the bromination) of 2-substituted butanes is the high reactivity of the 2-position notwithstanding very unfavourable polar effects.This reactivity is attributed to the release of steric compression associated with the abstraction of the tertiary hydrogen atom.The halogenation of butan-2-ol esters is associated with some decomposition of 2-butyl radical (OCOR)CH3> and the chlorination of 2-phenylbutane with the formation of olefins 2-phenylbut -1-ene and 2-phenylbut-2-ene.
Chlorination of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives. VIII. Liquid Phase Chlorination of the Aliphatic C5-Carboxylic Acids and Their Chlorides, Methyl Esters and Chloromethyl Esters with Chlorine
Kornonen, Ilpo O. O.
, p. 467 - 474 (2007/10/02)
The chlorination of pentanoic, 3-methylbutanoic, 2-methylbutanoic and 2,2-dimethylpropanoic acids and their derivatives with chlorine in the liquid phase have been investigated.The monochloro products formed were determined by gas-liquid chromatography (GLC) and gas-liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (GLC-MS) as their esters through the comparison with authentic samples.The deactivation of position 2 decreases in the order COCl > CO2H > CO2CH2Cl > CO2CH3, the effect of the COCl-group in pentanoic acid derivatives being 4.3 times stronger than that of the CO2CH3-group.The deactivation is smallest in 2-methylbutanoic acid derivatives owing to the electron-donating methyl group.The EI mass spectra of the methyl and chloromethyl esters have been studied in detail.
