1393-62-0

Basic information

• Product Name: Abrin
• Synonyms: Abrin;AGGLUTININ;Abrus toxin;Abrins
• CAS NO: 1393-62-0
• Molecular Weight: 0
• Mol File: 1393-62-0.mol
• Article Data: 0

Chemical Properties

• Appearance: /
• CAS DataBase Reference: Abrin(CAS DataBase Reference)
• NIST Chemistry Reference: Abrin(1393-62-0)
• EPA Substance Registry System: Abrin(1393-62-0)

Safety Data

• RIDADR: 3172
• HazardClass: 6.1(a)
• PackingGroup: I
• Hazardous Substances Data: 1393-62-0(Hazardous Substances Data)

Usage

Uses

expertly in cancer research.

Safety Profile

A deadly poison to humans byingestion. Poison by ingestion, intravenous, andintraperitoneal routes. Mutation data reported. Whenheated to decomposition it emits acrid fumes and irritatingsmoke.

Enzyme inhibitor

This type-II ribosome-inactivating glycoprotein toxin (MW = 65 kDa; CAS 1393-62-0) from the seeds of Abrus precatorius (common names: rosary pea and jequirity) is composed of an acidic A chain and a neutral B chain joined by disulfide bonds. The A chain exhibits the toxic rRNA Nglycosidase activity, catalyzing the endohydrolysis of a specific Nglycosidic bond at an adenosine on rRNA, thereby irreversibly inactivating protein synthesis (See Ricin). The B chain has lectin-like properties that assist A chain entry into cells. Chewing jequirity seeds has proved fatal, because each molecule of abrin can inactivate as many as 1,500 ribosomes per second (~75x more active than ricin). Note: Abrin should not be confused with abrine, or Na-methyl-L-tryptophan. Mode of Apoptotic Action: The abrin A chain also promotes apoptosis, which is preceded by mitochondrial cytochrome c release, followed by caspase-3 and -9 activation. The broad-spectrum caspase inhibitor, benzyloxycarbonyl- Val-Ala-Asp-fluoromethyl ketone (zVADfmk), prevents abrin-triggered caspase activation and reduces apoptotic cell death, but is without effect on cytochrome c release. Such results suggest that the sequential caspase activation is crucial for abrin-induced apoptosis. Abrin also inhibits the mitochondrial antioxidant protein AOP-1. Recent studies suggest that abrin-induced apoptosis depends on p38 MAPK (but not JNK), attended by activation of caspase-2 and caspase-8, triggering Bid cleavage and and to subsequent mitochondrial membrane potential loss. Such a pathway connects the signaling events from ER stress to mitochondrial death machinery. Target(s): protein biosynthesis; ribosome; antioxidant protein AOP-1

Purification Methods

These are toxic lectins (proteins) from seeds of Abras precatorius. The yellow-white powder is purified by successive chromatography on DEAE-Sephadex A-50, carboxymethylcellulose, and DEAE-cellulose. Abrin A is more positively charged on the DEAE-cellulose column and has been crystallised from (NH4)2SO4 by the free interface diffusion technique. Its molecular weight (by sedimentation equilibrium) is 60,000, whereas Abrin C has molecular weight of 63,800. Treatment of A with mercaptoethanol at 100o/2hours followed by SDSPAGE gave a main band with Mr 32,000 and two very weak bands, whereas C (which is more toxic) gave two intense bands with Mr 28,000 and 33,000. [Wei et al. J Biol Chem 249 3061 1974.] Abrin C has been crystallised for X-ray analysis by the free interface diffusion technique described by Salemme [Arch Biochim Biophys 151 533 1972]. The crystals were grown at 37o in Pyrex tubes (5 x 30 cm) by layering 50l of protein solution (22mg/mL) over 100l of unbuffered 70% saturated (NH4)2SO4 [Wei & Einstein J Biol Chem 249 2985 1974.] [UV and CD: Herrmann & Behnke Biochem Biophys Acta 621 43 1980, for physical and chemical properties see Biochem Biophys Acta 667 397 1981, Beilstein 22 III/IV 6776.]

Related news

Antibody treatment against pulmonary exposure to Abrin (cas 1393-62-0) confers significantly higher levels of protection than treatment against ricin intoxication09/09/2019

Abrin, a potent plant-derived toxin bearing strong resemblance to ricin, irreversibly inactivates ribosomes by site-specific depurination, thereby precipitating cessation of protein synthesis in cells. Due to its high availability and ease of preparation, abrin is considered a biological threat,...detailed

Trace level detections of Abrin (cas 1393-62-0) with high SNR piezoresistive cantilever biosensor09/08/2019

In this paper, sensitive detections on abrin are demonstrated in real-time by piezoresistive (PZR) cantilever sensors. With attempts to optimize the design and fabrication of the PZR cantilevers, the voltage fluctuation of the PZR sensors was decreased to 1 μV and the signal to noise ratio (SNR...detailed

The analysis of Abrin (cas 1393-62-0) in food and beverages09/07/2019

Abrus precatorius has been known since ancient times, as has the fact that the seeds contain a deadly toxin determined to be abrin. Herein is an overview of the analytical techniques and methods that have been used to determine abrin and compare abrin with the related small molecule abrine in fo...detailed

Evaluation of Abrin (cas 1393-62-0) induced nephrotoxicity by using novel renal injury markers09/05/2019

Abrin is a potent plant toxin analogous to ricin that is derived from the seeds of Abrus precatorius plant. It belongs to the family of type II ribosome-inactivating proteins and causes cell death by irreversibly inactivating ribosomes through site-specific depurination. In this study we examine...detailed

A chimeric protein of Abrin (cas 1393-62-0) and Abrus precatorius agglutinin that neutralizes Abrin (cas 1393-62-0) mediated lethality in mice09/04/2019

Abrin, a type II ribosome inactivating protein from the Abrus precatorius plant, is extremely toxic. It has been shown to be 75 times more potent than its infamous sister toxin, ricin and their potential use in bio-warfare is a cause of major concern. Although several vaccine candidates are unde...detailed

Real-time and in-situ monitoring of Abrin (cas 1393-62-0) induced cell apoptosis by using SERS spectroscopy09/03/2019

Abrin is a cytotoxic protein isolated from seeds of leguminous plants and has become a potential bioterrorism weapon for its high toxity and difficult detection. In the early stage of poisoning, Arbin can damage cells and induce apoptosis. Raman spectroscopy is a molecular fingerprint that can i...detailed

Integration of transcriptomics, proteomics and metabolomics data to reveal the biological mechanisms of Abrin (cas 1393-62-0) injury in human lung epithelial cells09/02/2019

BackgroundAbrin toxin (AT) is a potent plant toxin that belongs to the type Ⅱ ribosome inactivating protein family and is recognized as an important toxin agent for potential bioweapons. Exposure to AT by way of aerosol is the most lethal route, but the mechanism of injury requires further inve...detailed

Dose dependent acute toxicity of Abrin (cas 1393-62-0) in Balb/c mice after intraperitoneal administration09/01/2019

Abrin toxin is one of the most potent and deadly plant toxin obtained from the seeds of Abrus precatorious. It is more toxic than ricin which is classified as Schedule 1 agent by OPCW and Category B bioterrorism agent by Centre for Disease Control (CDC). Dose dependent acute toxicity of abrin is...detailed