1401-69-0 Usage
Description
Different sources of media describe the Description of 1401-69-0 differently. You can refer to the following data:
1. Occupational exposure concerns farmers,
breeders, animal-feed workers and veterinarians.
2. Tylosin is a macrolide antibiotic produced by S. fradiae that has bacteriostatic activity against Gram-positive bacteria. It is a mixture of tylosin A, B, C, and D, with tylosin A contributing 80% of its bacteriostatic activity. Tylosin has MIC values of 9.6, 16.4, 0.1, 1, and 0.5 μg/ml for F. necrophorum, A. pyogenes, M. gallisepticum, S. aureus, and S. uberis, respectively.,, Formulations containing tylosin have been used for the prevention of liver abscesses in cattle. Tylosin is an environmental contaminant because it is not fully metabolized by treated livestock and enters the environment through manure-based fertilizers.
Chemical Properties
Off-White to Pale Yellow Solid.
Tylosin is a macrolide antibiotic which is active against certain Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and Gram-positive mycoplasmas. It consists predominantly of tylosin(factor A), but varying amounts of desmycosin (factor B), macrocin (factor C) and relomycin(factor D) may also be present, depending on the manufacturing source. Most of themicrobiological activity resides with tylosin factor A.
Tylosin is a weak organic base with a high degree of lipid solubility, thus it is well distributed to the organs and tissues of animals (Burrows, 1980).
Tylosin is used in pigs, cattle and poultryfor the treatment of conditions caused by sensitive organisms. It may be administered by oral orparenteral routes. Tylosin is not used in human medicine.
Uses
Different sources of media describe the Uses of 1401-69-0 differently. You can refer to the following data:
1. paramagnetic agent
2. Tylosin is a 16-membered macrocyclic lactone isolated from Streptomyces fradiae in 1961. Tylosin has broad spectrum antibacterial activity and was developed as a veterinary pharmaceutical for treatment of bacterial infections in a range of domestic animals . Tylosin acts by binding to the 50S ribosomal subunit resulting in the inhibition of protein synthesis in bacteria.
3. Macrolide antibiotic isolated from a strain of Streptomycetes fradiae found in soil from Thailand. Antibacterial.
Definition
ChEBI: A macrolide antibiotic that is tylonolide having mono- and diglycosyl moieties attached to two of its hydroxy groups. It is found naturally as a fermentation product of Streptomyces fradiae.
Indications
In cattle, tylosin is used for treatment of BRD caused by Mannheimia, Pasteurella multocida, and Histophilus somni (formerly Haemophilus somnus). It is used for interdigital necrobacillosis (foot rot) in cattle caused by Fusobacterium necrophorum or Bacteroides melaninogenicus. In pigs, it is used for treatment of swine arthritis caused by Mycoplasma hyosynoviae, swine pneumonia caused by Pasteurella spp., swine erysipelas caused by Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae, swine dysentery associated with Serpulina (Treponema) hyodysenteriae, and proliferative enteropathy caused by L. intracellularis. For treatment in pigs, it is also added to feed (Type A–medicated feed article) or drinking water. In small animals, it is used for gram-positive soft tissue and skin infections. However, the most common use in dogs is for treatment of diarrhea, referred to as antibiotic-responsive diarrhea, that has not responded to other treatments. The etiology of the diarrhea is not known but may be caused by Clostridium or Camphylobacter. For this use, the powdered formulation (swine formulation) is most often added to food daily for maintenance.
Brand name
Tylan (Lilly).
Contact allergens
Tylosin is a macrolid antibiotic used in veterinary
medicine. Occupational exposure concerns farmers,
breeders, animal feed workers, and veterinarians.
Mechanism of action
Tylosin is a 16-membered macrolide approved for therapy of a variety of infections in pigs, cattle, dogs, and poultry (see indications below). It is formulated as tylosin tartrate or tylosin phosphate. Like other macrolide antibiotics, tylosin inhibits bacteria by binding to the 50S ribosome and inhibiting protein synthesis. Spectrum of activity is limited primarily to gram-positive aerobic bacteria. Clostridium and Campylobacter are usually sensitive. The spectrum also includes the bacteria that cause BRD. Escherichia coli and Salmonella are resistant. In pigs, Lawsonia intracellularis is sensitive.
Side effects
Tylosin may cause diarrhea in some animals. However, oral treatment for colitis in dogs has been administered for several months with safety. Skin reactions have been observed in pigs. Oral administration to horses has been fatal.
Safety Profile
Poison by intravenous
route. Moderately toxic by ingestion and
intraperitoneal routes. When heated to
decomposition it emits toxic fumes of NOx.
See also TnOSIN HYDROCHLORIDE.
Veterinary Drugs and Treatments
Although the injectable form of tylosin is approved for use in dogs
and cats, it is rarely used parenterally in those species. Oral tylosin
is sometimes recommended for the treatment of chronic colitis in
small animals (see Doses), but controlled studies documenting its
efficacy have not been performed.
Tylosin is also used clinically in cattle and swine for infections
caused by susceptible organisms.
Solubility in organics
soluble in lower alcohols, esters, ketones,chlorinated hydrocarbons, benzene, ether, chloroform.
Check Digit Verification of cas no
The CAS Registry Mumber 1401-69-0 includes 7 digits separated into 3 groups by hyphens. The first part of the number,starting from the left, has 4 digits, 1,4,0 and 1 respectively; the second part has 2 digits, 6 and 9 respectively.
Calculate Digit Verification of CAS Registry Number 1401-69:
(6*1)+(5*4)+(4*0)+(3*1)+(2*6)+(1*9)=50
50 % 10 = 0
So 1401-69-0 is a valid CAS Registry Number.
1401-69-0Relevant articles and documents
Isolation and characterization of a new 16-membered lactone, protylonolide, from a mutant of tylosin-producing strain, Streptomyces fradiae KA-427
Omura,Kitao,Matsubara
, p. 1963 - 1965 (1980)
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Novel Semisynthetic Oxo and Alkyl Macrolide Antibacterials and Related Derivatives
Fishman, Andrew G.,Mallams, Alan K.,Puar, Mohindar S.,Rossman, Randall R.,Stephens, Richard L.
, p. 1189 - 1210 (2007/10/02)
An efficient method of protecting the 10,11-double bond in dienone and epoxy enone 16-membered macrolides has been developed.This involves Michael addition of thioacetic S-acid to the 10,11-ene to give exclusively the 11-acetylthio derivatives, which can be smoothly deprotected by treatment with fluoride ion.The protected intermediates have been used to prepare a novel class of macrolide antibacterials in which the aldehyde group has been converted into an alkyl ketone by reaction with the appropriate diazoalkane.Thus 20-oxo analogues of rosaramicin, 12,13-de-epoxy-12,13-dehydro-rosaramicin, tylosin, and desmycosin have been prepared.The reaction of diazomethane with unprotected macrolides has also been studied including the synthesis of 18-C-methyl-3''-O-propionyl-leucomycin A5.Derivatives in which the 20-formyl group has been replaced by metal and by halogeno groups, as well as derivatives having a 2,3-ene are described.A number of base-catalyzed rearrangement products including desmycosin 8β,20α-aldol and desmycosin 8α,20β-aldol are also described.
3-Imino-1,2,4-benzotriazine-1-oxides
-
, (2008/06/13)
New 3-Imino-1,2,4-benzotriazine-1-oxides of formula I SPC1 wherein R represents an alkyl, alkenyl or haloalkyl radical, a phenyl or aralkyl radical optionally substituted by alkyl, alkoxy, haloalkyl, halogen or hydroxy, X and Y each independently represent hydrogen, halogen, an alkyl or alkoxy radical, or one of the two symbols represents a phenoxy or phenylsulphonyl radical optionally substituted by halogen, alkyl, haloalkyl and/or alkoxy which are active against harmful microorganisms are disclosed.
