1428443-74-6Relevant articles and documents
The Trifluoromethyl Group as a Bioisosteric Replacement of the Aliphatic Nitro Group in CB1 Receptor Positive Allosteric Modulators
Tseng, Chih-Chung,Baillie, Gemma,Donvito, Giulia,Mustafa, Mohammed A.,Juola, Sophie E.,Zanato, Chiara,Massarenti, Chiara,Dall'Angelo, Sergio,Harrison, William T. A.,Lichtman, Aron H.,Ross, Ruth A.,Zanda, Matteo,Greig, Iain R.
supporting information, p. 5049 - 5062 (2019/05/28)
The first generation of CB1 positive allosteric modulators (e.g., ZCZ011) featured a 3-nitroalkyl-2-phenyl-indole structure. Although a small number of drugs include the nitro group, it is generally not regarded as being "drug-like", and this is particularly true for aliphatic nitro groups. There are very few case studies where an appropriate bioisostere replaced a nitro group that had a direct role in binding. This may be indicative of the difficulty of replicating its binding interactions. Herein, we report the design and synthesis of ligands targeting the allosteric binding site on the CB1 cannabinoid receptor, in which a CF3 group successfully replaced the aliphatic NO2. In general, the CF3-bearing compounds were more potent than their NO2 equivalents and also showed improved in vitro metabolic stability. The CF3 analogue (1) with the best balance of properties was selected for further pharmacological evaluation. Pilot in vivo studies showed that (±)-1 has similar activity to (±)-ZCZ011, with both showing promising efficacy in a mouse model of neuropathic pain.
3-Substituted 2-phenyl-indoles: Privileged structures for medicinal chemistry
Johansson, Henrik,Jorgensen, Tanja Bogeloov,Gloriam, David E.,Braeuner-Osborne, Hans,Pedersen, Daniel Sejer
, p. 945 - 960 (2013/04/24)
Privileged structures have been used in drug discovery targeting G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) and other protein classes for more than 20 years. Their rich activity profiles and drug-like characteristics lend themselves to increased productivity in hit identification and lead optimisation. Recently we discovered two allosteric modulators 1 and 2 for the G protein-coupled receptor GPRC6A incorporating the privileged 2-phenyl-indole scaffold, functionalised at the 3-position. In order to develop new potential GPRC6A ligands we engaged in the development of synthetic routes to provide 2-phenyl-indoles with a variety of substituents at the indole 3-position. Herein we describe the development of optimised and efficient synthetic routes to a series of new 2-phenyl-indole building blocks 3 to 9 and show that these can be used to generate a broad variety of 3-substituted 2-phenyl-indoles of interest to medicinal chemists.
