14303-70-9Relevant articles and documents
Fatty alcohol synthesis from fatty acids at mild temperature by subsequent enzymatic esterification and metal-catalyzed hydrogenation
Betke, Tobias,Gr?ger, Harald,Kleber, Joscha,Liese, Andreas,Schlipk?ter, Kim E.
, p. 7862 - 7867 (2020/11/02)
Fatty alcohols are important products in chemical industry to be used in the formulation of surfactants and lubricants. This work describes a two step approach for the production of myristyl alcohol under neat conditions by combining a lipase catalyzed esterification of myristic acid and myristyl alcohol with a ruthenium catalyzed hydrogenation of the intermediate myristyl myristate. The esterification was carried out in a bubble column reactor with the commercial immobilized lipase B from Candida antarctica as a biocatalyst, while the hydrogenation was conducted under pressurized conditions being catalyzed by the homogeneous chemocatalyst Ru-Macho-BH. By investigating the reaction steps separately, comparable reaction rates were found for the esterification of short chain and long chain alcohols. Additionally, the hydrogen pressure could be reduced to 35 bar compared to the current industrial Lurgi process. Characterization of cross interactions by the reactants myristic acid and sodium myristate in the hydrogenation demonstrates that the metal catalyst was completely deactivated, even at a low amount of 0.5 mol% of myristic acid. Complete conversion of myristic acid in the esterification with equal amounts of myristic acid and myristyl alcohol was obtained, overcoming any limitation in the hydrogenation. In comparison to the Lurgi process starting also from fatty acid and fatty alcohols, the chemoenzymatic two step reaction sequence could be realized at lower reaction temperatures of 60 and 100 °C as well as lower hydrogen pressures of 35 bar. This journal is
Use of Lecitase-Ultra immobilized on styrene-divinylbenzene beads as catalyst of esterification reactions: Effects of ultrasounds
Alves, Joana S.,Garcia-Galan, Cristina,Danelli, Daiane,Paludo, Natália,Barbosa, Oveimar,Rodrigues, Rafael C.,Fernandez-Lafuente, Roberto
, p. 27 - 32 (2015/08/06)
Abstract In this work it was evaluated for the first time, the ester synthesis catalyzed by the phospholipase Lecitase-Ultra immobilized styrene-divinylbenzene beads (MCI-Lecitase), comparing the mechanical stirring and the ultrasonic energy. It was studied the specificity of the enzyme using carboxylic acids from C4 to C18, as well as the effects of alcohol chain, organic solvents, biocatalyst content, reaction temperature and substrate concentration. Caprylic and myristic acids were those with the highest reaction rates and yields, using ethanol as substrate. The shorter the alcohol chain, the higher the enzyme activity. Regarding the secondary alcohols, while MCI-Lecitase had no activity versus isopropanol, using 2-pentanol the activity was similar to that with 1-pentanol. Comparing the agitation systems, MCI-Lecitase presented an initial reaction rate more than 2-times higher in the ultrasound-assisted reaction than under traditional mechanical stirring. Moreover, under ultrasonic energy the maximum rate was achieved using 0.5 M of substrates, while under mechanical stirring the maximum enzyme activity was reached at 0.3 M of substrates. Concerning the operational stability, MCI-Lecitase was quite unstable, losing its activity after 6 reaction cycles. By adding molecular sieves in the reaction medium, MCI-Lecitase retained 30% of its initial activity after 6 cycles.
Propanolysis of esters using chlorotrimethylsilane
Eras, Jordi,Llovera, Montserrat,Ferran, Xavier,Canela, Ramon
, p. 1129 - 1133 (2007/10/03)
A variety of methyl esters are converted into the corresponding propyl esters upon treatment with 1-propanol and chlorotrimethylsilane. Among them acyclic aliphatic esters have the best conversion rate.
