14746-98-6

Upstream product

• 107-15-3 ethylenediamine 
• 57-13-6 urea 
• 13214-53-4 2-oxoimidazolidine-1-carbonyl chloride 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Microwave-assisted preparation of cyclic ureas from diamines in the presence of ZnO

A MW-assisted direct synthesis of cyclic ureas has been developed that proceeds expeditiously in the presence of ZnO thus shortening its reaction time; the process also eliminates the formation of byproducts when compared to the traditional methods involving conventional heating. A microwave-assisted facile method for the preparation of various ureas, cyclic ureas, and urethanes has been developed that affords nearly quantitative yield of products at 120°C (150 W), 71 kPa within 10 min using ZnO as a catalyst. The enhanced selectivity in this reaction is attributed to the deployment of ZnO whose absence results in poor yield and the generation of byproducts.

Penicillins

Penicillins of the formula EQU1 or pharmaceutically acceptable non-toxic salts thereof, wherein C is a carbon atom constituting a center of chirality; A is a moiety of the formula EQU2 or EQU3 wherein X is EQU4 Y is EQU5 or wherein Aryl is an aryl moiety; Z is EQU6 Q1 is EQU7 or SPC1 Q2 is EQU8 SPC2 or SPC3 R is straight-chain or branched alkyl of 1 to 5 carbon atoms; R1 is alkyl of 1 to 10 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl of 3 to 10 carbon atoms, alkenyl of 2 to 10 carbon atoms, cycloalkenyl of 3 to 10 carbon atoms, vinyl, arylvinyl, mono-, di-, or tri-halo-lower alkyl, H2 N--, R--NH--, (R)2 N--, aryl--NH--, aryl-lower alkylamino, alkoxy of 1 to 8 carbon atoms, aralkoxy of 1 to 8 carbon atoms in the alkoxy portion, cycloalkoxy of 3 to 7 carbon atoms, aryloxy, R--O--V--, R--S-- V--, N=C--V--, R--O--CO--V--, H2 N--CO--V--, R--NH--CO--V--, R--O--CO--NH--, R--SO2 --NH--, (R)2 N--CO--V--, wherein R is as above defined, SPC4 SPC5 provided that when X is --SO2 --, R1 is not alkoxy, aralkoxy, cycloalkoxy or aryloxy, and further provided that R1 can also be hydrogen when X is --CO--; V is a divalent organic radical of 1 to 3 carbon atoms; n is 0, 1 or 2; R2 and R3 are the same or different and are each hydrogen, alkyl of 1 to 8 carbon atoms, alkenyl of 2 to 8 carbon atoms, vinyl, allyl, propenyl, cycloalkyl of 3 to 6 carbon atoms, cycloalkenyl of 3 to 6 carbon atoms, mono-, di- or tri-halo lower alkyl or aryl; R4, r5 and R6 are the same or different and are each hydrogen, nitro, cyano, (R)2 N--, (R)2 N--CO--, R--CO--NH--, R--O--CO--, R--CO--O--, R--, R--O--, wherein R is as above defined, H2 N--SO2 --, chlorine, bromine, iodine, fluorine or trifluoromethyl; G is hydrogen or straight or branched chain alkyl of 1 to 5 carbon atoms; and B is a moiety of the formula SPC6 wherein R7, r8 ad R9 are the same or different and are each hydrogen, halogen, nitro, hydroxy, R--, R--0--, R--S--, R--SO--, R--SO2 --, (R)2 N--, R--CO--NH--, or R--CO--O--, wherein R is as above defined; the arrow in the divalent linking group → means that the linkage of two atoms by the free valencies of his group must take place as indicated by the arrow; exhibit activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.

Penicillins

Penicillins of the formula EQU1 or pharmaceutically acceptable non-toxic salts thereof, wherein C* is a carbon atom constituting a center of chirality; A is a moiety of the formula EQU2 or EQU3 wherein X is EQU4 Y is EQU5 or wherein Aryl is an aryl moiety; Z is EQU6 Q1 is EQU7 or SPC1 Q2 is EQU8 SPC2 or SPC3 R is straight- chain or branched alkyl of 1 to 5 carbon atoms; R1 is alkyl of 1 to 10 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl of 3 to 10 carbon atoms, alkenyl of 2 to 10 carbon atoms, cycloalkenyl of 3 to 10 carbon atoms. vinyl, arylvinyl, mono-, di-, or tri-halo-lower alkyl, H2 N--, R--NH--, (R)2 N--, aryl--NH--, aryl-lower alkylamino, alkoxy of 1 to 8 carbon atoms, aralkoxy of 1 to 8 carbon atoms in the alkoxy portion, cycloalkoxy of 3 to 7 carbon atoms, aryloxy, R--O--V--, R--S--V--, N=C--V--, R--O--CO--V--, H2 N--CO--V--, R--NH--CO--V--, R--O--CO--NH--, R--SO2 --NH--, (R)2 N--CO--V--, wherein R is as above defined, SPC4 SPC5 provided that when X is --SO2 --, R1 is not alkoxy, aralkoxy, cycloalkoxy or aryloxy, and further provided that R1 can also be hydrogen when X is --CO--; V is a divalent organic radical of 1 to 3 carbon atoms; n is 0, 1 or 2; R2 and R3 are the same or different and are each hydrogen, alkyl of 1 to 8 carbon atoms, alkenyl of 2 to 8 carbon atoms, vinyl, allyl, propenyl, cycloalkyl of 3 to 6 carbon atoms, cycloalkenyl of 3 to 6 carbon atoms, mono-, di- or tri-halo lower alkyl or aryl; R4, r5 and R6 are the same or different and are each hydrogen, nitro, cyano, (R)2 N--, (R)2 N--CO--, R--CO--NH--, R--O--CO--, R--CO--O--, R--, R--O--, wherein R is as above defined, H2 N--SO2 --, chlorine, bromine, iodine, fluorine or trifluoromethyl; G is hydrogen or straight or branched chain alkyl of 1 to 5 carbon atoms; and B is a moiety of the formula SPC6 wherein R7, r8 and R9 are the same or different and are each hydrogen, halogen, nitro, hydroxy, R--, R--O--, R--S--, R--SO-- , R--SO2 --, (R)2 N--, R--CO--NH--, or R--CO--O-- , wherein R is as above defined; the arrow in the divalent linking group ←Q2 → means that the linkage of two atoms by the free valencies of this group must take place as indicated by the arrow; exhibit activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.

Penicillins

Arylmethyl- and cyclohexenylmethyl- penicillins, substituted on the α-carbon atom of the side chain by a 2,3-disubstituted imidazolidinylcarbamido or a 2,3-disubstituted imidazolidinylthiocarbamido group, or by the corresponding 2,3-disubstituted 1,3-diazacyclohexylcarbamido or thiocarbamido groups are anti-bacterial agents.

Penicillins

Arylmethyl- and cyclohexenylmethyl- penicillins, substituted on the α-carbon atom of the side chain by a 2,3-disubstituted imidazolidinylcarbamide or a 2,3-disubstituted imidazolidinylthiocarbamido group, or by the corresponding 2,3-disubstituted 1,3-diazacyclohexylcarbamido or thiocarbamido groups are anti-bacterial agents.

Penicillins

Arylmethyl- and cyclohexenylmethyl- penicillins, substituted on the αcarbon atom of the side chain by a 2,3-disubstituted imidazolidinylcarbamido or a 2,3-disubstituted imidazolidinylthiocarbamido group, or by the corresponding 2,3-disubstituted 1,3-diazacyclohexylcarbamido or thiocarbamido groups are anti-bacterial agents.

Penicillins

Arylmethyl- and cyclohexenylmethyl- penicillins, substituted on the αcarbon atom of the side chain by a 2,3-disubstituted imidazolidinylcarbamido or a 2,3-disubstituted imidazolidinylthiocarbamido group, or by the corresponding 2,3-disubstituted 1,3-diazacyclohexylcarbamido or thiocarbamido groups are anti-bacterial agents.