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107-15-3Relevant articles and documents
Low-Temperature Reductive Aminolysis of Carbohydrates to Diamines and Aminoalcohols by Heterogeneous Catalysis
Pelckmans, Michiel,Vermandel, Walter,Van Waes, Frederik,Moonen, Kristof,Sels, Bert F.
, p. 14540 - 14544 (2017)
Short amines, such as ethanolamines and ethylenediamines, are important compounds in today's bulk and fine chemicals industry. Unfortunately, current industrial manufacture of these chemicals relies on fossil resources and requires rigorous safety measures when handling explosive or toxic intermediates. Inspired by the elegant working mechanism of aldolase enzymes, a novel heterogeneously catalyzed process—reductive aminolysis—was developed for the efficient production of short amines from carbohydrates at low temperature. High-value bio-based amines containing a bio-derived C2 carbon backbone were synthesized in one step with yields up to 87 C%, in the absence of a solvent and at a temperature below 405 K. A wide variety of available primary and secondary alkyl- and alkanolamines can be reacted with the carbohydrate to form the corresponding C2-diamine. The presented reductive aminolysis is therefore a promising strategy for sustainable synthesis of short, acyclic, bio-based amines.
Photochemical Formation of Methylamine and Ethylenediamine from Gas Mixtures of Methane, Ammonia, and Water
Ogura, Kotaro,Migita, Catharina T.,Yamada, Tooru
, p. 1563 - 1566 (1988)
The photolysis of mixtures of CH4, NH3, and H2O with a low-pressure mercury lamp led to the formation of considerable amounts of methylamine and ethylenediamine with oxygen-containing compounds, ethane, and hydrogen.CH2NH2 radicals formed during photolysis were detected by ESR applying a spin trap technique, and it was suggested that the coupling of the radicals leads to the formation of ethylenediamine.
Structural Basis for the Catalytic Mechanism of Ethylenediamine- N, N′-disuccinic Acid Lyase, a Carbon-Nitrogen Bond-Forming Enzyme with a Broad Substrate Scope
Poddar, Harshwardhan,De Villiers, Jandré,Zhang, Jielin,Puthan Veetil, Vinod,Raj, Hans,Thunnissen, Andy-Mark W. H.,Poelarends, Gerrit J.
, p. 3752 - 3763 (2018)
The natural aminocarboxylic acid product ethylenediamine-N,N′-disuccinic acid [(S,S)-EDDS] is able to form a stable complex with metal ions, making it an attractive biodegradable alternative for the synthetic metal chelator ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), which is currently used on a large scale in numerous applications. Previous studies have demonstrated that biodegradation of (S,S)-EDDS may be initiated by an EDDS lyase, converting (S,S)-EDDS via the intermediate N-(2-aminoethyl)aspartic acid (AEAA) into ethylenediamine and two molecules of fumarate. However, current knowledge of this enzyme is limited because of the absence of structural data. Here, we describe the identification and characterization of an EDDS lyase from Chelativorans sp. BNC1, which has a broad substrate scope, accepting various mono- and diamines for addition to fumarate. We report crystal structures of the enzyme in an unliganded state and in complex with formate, succinate, fumarate, AEAA, and (S,S)-EDDS. The structures reveal a tertiary and quaternary fold that is characteristic of the aspartase/fumarase superfamily and support a mechanism that involves general base-catalyzed, sequential two-step deamination of (S,S)-EDDS. This work broadens our understanding of mechanistic diversity within the aspartase/fumarase superfamily and will aid in the optimization of EDDS lyase for asymmetric synthesis of valuable (metal-chelating) aminocarboxylic acids.
Two organically templated niobium and zinconiobium fluorophosphates: Low temperature hydrothermal syntheses of NbOF(PO4)2(C 2H10N2)2 and Zn3(NbOF) (PO4)4(C2H10N2) 2
Liu, Guang-Zhen,Zheng, Shou-Tian,Yang, Guo-Yu
, p. 231 - 237 (2007)
Two new niobium and zinconiobium fluorophosphates, NbOF(PO 4)2(C2H10N2)2 (1) and Zn3(NbOF)(PO4)4-(C2H 10N2)2 (2), have been prepared under hydrothermal conditions using ethylenediamine as a template. The structures were determined by single crystal diffraction to be triclinic, space group P1 (No. 2), a = 8.1075 (6) A, b = 9.8961 (7) A, c = 10.1420(8) A, α = 111.655(1)°, β = 111.51(1)°, γ = 93.206(1)°, V = 686.19(9) A3, and Z = 2 for 1 and orthorhombic, space group Fddd (No. 70), a = 9.1928(2) A, b = 14.2090(10) A, c = 32.2971 (6) A, V = 4218.66(12) A3, and Z = 8 for 2, respectively. Compound 1 is an infinite linear chain consisting of corner-sharing [Nb 2P2] 4-MRs bridged at the Nb centers with organic amines situated between chains, and compound 2, containing the chains similar to that in 1, forms a zeotype framework with organic amines situated in the gismondine-type [4684] cavities. The topology of 2 was previously unknown with vertex symbol 4·4·4·4· 8·8 (vertex 1), 4·4·4·82·8· 8 (vertex 2), 4·4·8·8·82·8 2 (vertex 3), and 4·4·4·8 2·8·8 (vertex 4). The topological relationships between the 4-connected network of 2 and several reported (3,4)-connected networks were discussed.
A Reversible Liquid Organic Hydrogen Carrier System Based on Methanol-Ethylenediamine and Ethylene Urea
Xie, Yinjun,Hu, Peng,Ben-David, Yehoshoa,Milstein, David
, p. 5105 - 5109 (2019)
A novel liquid organic hydrogen carrier (LOHC) system, with a high theoretical hydrogen capacity, based on the unpresented hydrogenation of ethylene urea to ethylenediamine and methanol, and its reverse dehydrogenative coupling, was established. For the dehydrogenation only a small amount of solvent is required. This system is rechargeable, as the H2-rich compounds could be regenerated by hydrogenation of the resulting dehydrogenation mixture. Both directions for hydrogen loading and unloading were achieved using the same catalyst, under relatively mild conditions. Mechanistic studies reveal the likely pathway for H2-lean compounds formation.
Binuclear biscarbene complexes of furan
Crause, Chantelle,Goerls, Helmar,Lotz, Simon
, p. 1649 - 1657 (2005)
Carbene complexes of chromium and tungsten with a bridging furan substituent were synthesized from lithiated furan precursors and metal hexacarbonyls. The binuclear biscarbene complexes [(CO)5M{C(OEt)- C4H2O-C(OEt)}-M′(CO)5] (M = M′ = Cr (3), W (4)) were obtained as well as the corresponding monocarbene complexes [M{C(OEt)-C4H3O}(CO)5] (M = Cr (1), W (2)). A method of protecting the carbene moiety during the metal acylate stage was used to increase not only the yields of the binuclear Fischer biscarbene complexes 3 and 4 but to establish a method to synthesize analogous mixed heterobinuclear carbene complexes (M = W, M′ = Cr (5)) in high yields. The binuclear biscarbene complexes 3 and 5 were reacted with 3-hexyne and yielded the corresponding benzannulated monocarbene complexes [M{C(OEt)-C14H 17O3}(CO)5] (M = Cr (6), W(7)). Complex 5 reacted regioselectively with the benzannulation reaction occurring at the chromium-carbene centre. The major products from refluxing 3 in the presence of [Pd(PPh3)4] were a monocarbene-ester complex [Cr{C(OEt)-C4H2O-C(O)OEt}(CO)5] (8), the 2,5-diester of furan (9) and a carbene-carbene coupled olefin EtOC(O)-C 4H2O-C(OEt)=C(OEt)-C4H2O-C(O)OEt (10). X-Ray structure analysis of 4 and 6 confirmed the molecular structures of the compounds in the solid state and aspects of electron conjugation between the transition metals and the furan substituents in the carbene ligands were investigated. The Royal Society of Chemistry 2005.
Synthesis, characterization and kinetics properties of chromium(III) complex [Cr(3-HNA)(en)2]Cl · H2O · CH3OH
Liu, Bin,Li, Ying-qi,Yang, Bin-Sheng
, p. 367 - 370 (2007)
The reaction of chromium(III) chloride, 3-hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid (3-HNA) and ethylenediamine (en) led to the formation of complex [Cr(3-HNA)(en)2]Cl · H2O · CH3OH, Bis(ethylenediamine-κ2N,N′)(3-hydroxy-2-napht
Effects of Ni particle size on amination of monoethanolamine over Ni-Re/SiO2 catalysts
Ma, Lei,Yan, Li,Lu, An-Hui,Ding, Yunjie
, p. 567 - 579 (2019)
Ni-Re/SiO2 catalysts with controllable Ni particle sizes (4.5–18.0 nm) were synthesized to investigate the effects of the particle size on the amination of monoethanolamine (MEA). The catalysts were characterized by various techniques and evaluated for the amination reaction in a trickle bed reactor at 170°C, 8.0 MPa, and 0.5 h?1 liquid hourly space velocity of MEA (LHSVMEA) in NH3/H2 atmosphere. The Ni-Re/SiO2 catalyst with the lowest Ni particle size (4.5 nm) exhibited the highest yield (66.4%) of the desired amines (ethylenediamine (EDA) and piperazine (PIP)). The results of the analysis show that the turnover frequency of MEA increased slightly (from 193 to 253 h?1) as the Ni particle sizes of the Ni-Re/SiO2 catalysts increased from 4.5 to 18.0 nm. Moreover, the product distribution could be adjusted by varying the Ni particle size. The ratio of primary to secondary amines increased from 1.0 to 2.0 upon increasing the Ni particle size from 4.5 to 18.0 nm. Further analyses reveal that the Ni particle size influenced the electronic properties of surface Ni, which in turn affected the adsorption of MEA and the reaction pathway of MEA amination. Compared to those of small Ni particles, large particles possessed a higher proportion of high-coordinated terrace Ni sites and a higher surface electron density, which favored the amination of MEA and NH3 to form EDA.
Mechanisms of acid decomposition of dithiocarbamates. 1. Alkyl dithiocarbamates
Humeres, Eduardo,Debacher, Nito A.,Marta de S. Sierra,Franco, Jose Dimas,Schutz, Aldo
, p. 1598 - 1603 (1998)
The acid decomposition of some substituted methyldithiocarbamates was studied in water at 25°C in the range of rio -5 and pH 5. The pH-rate profiles showed a bell-shaped curve from which were calculated the acid dissociation constants of the free and conjugate acid species and the specific acid catalysis rate constants k(H). The Bronsted plot of k(H) vs pK(N), the dissociation constant of the conjugate acid of the parent amine, suggests that the acid cleavage occurs through two mechanisms that depend on the pK(N). The plot presents a convex upward curve with a maximum at pK(N) 9.2, which is consistent with the cleavage of the dithiocarbamate anion through a zwitterion intermediate and two transition states. For pK(N) 9.2, the C-N bond breakdown is the slowest step, and according to the inverse SIE, the transition state changes rapidly with the increase of pK(N) to a late transition state. The plot shows a minimum at pK(N) ?10, indicating that a new mechanism emerges at higher values, and it is postulated that it represents a path of intramolecular S to N proton-transfer concerted with the C-N bond breakdown. The thiocarbonyl group acts as a powerful electron- withdrawing group, decreasing the basicity of the nitrogen of the parent amine by 14.1 pK units.
A diamine-exchange reaction of dihydropyrazines
Yamaguchi, Tadatoshi,Ito, Shigeru,Iwase, Yukiko,Watanabe, Kenji,Harano, Kazunobu
, p. 1677 - 1680 (2000)
Dihydropyrazines reacted with 1,2-diamines to form tetraazadecalins as intermediates, and then the reaction proceeded forward to dissociate into alternate dihydropyrazine and diamine, or backward to dissociate into the starting materials in certain equilibrium. The product distribution is controlled by diamine-exchange equilibrium reaction. The various equilibrium reactions were analyzed by NMR spectroscopy.