153708-69-1Relevant articles and documents
Nanoparticle-encapsulated P2X7 receptor antagonist in a pH-sensitive polymer as a potential local drug delivery system to acidic inflammatory environments
Lee, Sun-Mi,Cho, Joong-Heui,Lee, So-Deok,Kim, Yong-Chul
, p. 4197 - 4202 (2015)
We have developed nanoparticles of anti-inflammatory P2X7 receptor antagonist encapsulated in a pH-sensitive polymer, poly(tetrahydropyran-2-yl methacrylate) (poly(THPMA)), as a potential local drug delivery system to target to acidic inflammatory environments, in which P2X7 receptors are implicated in the pathology of inflammation via the activation of immune cells. The nanoparticles were prepared using single emulsion methods, also their size and shape were confirmed by microscopy and spectroscopy, etc. The profiles of the pH-dependent degradation, release of antagonist and biological activities were investigated. The nanoparticles that encapsulated the 3,5-dichloropyridine derivative (2) with poly(THPMA), were observed to be more slowly cleaved than the blank nanoparticles. Moreover, the free P2X7 receptor antagonists potently inhibited the receptor activation, whereas the nanoparticles of the 3,5-dichloropyridine derivative (2) encapsulated poly(THPMA) exhibited much lower P2X7 antagonistic activity through sustained encapsulation. Thus, the nanoparticles of the 3,5-dichloropyridine derivative (2) encapsulated poly(THPMA) may be utilized to develop a pH-sensitive local drug delivery system for controlled release of anti-inflammatory therapeutics in acidic physiological environments.
Structure-activity relationships and optimization of 3,5-dichloropyridine derivatives as novel P2X7 receptor antagonists
Lee, Won-Gil,Lee, So-Deok,Cho, Joong-Heui,Jung, Younghwan,Kim, Jeong-Hyun,Hien, Tran T.,Kang, Keon-Wook,Ko, Hyojin,Kim, Yong-Chul
experimental part, p. 3687 - 3698 (2012/07/03)
Screening of a library of chemical compounds showed that the dichloropyridine-based analogue 9 was a novel P2X7 receptor antagonist. To optimize its activity, we assessed the structure-activity relationships (SAR) of 9, focusing on the hydrazide linker, the dichloropyridine skeleton, and the hydrophobic acyl (R2) group. We found that the hydrazide linker and the 3,5-disubstituted chlorides in the pyridine skeleton were critical for P2X7 antagonistic activity and that the presence of hydrophobic polycycloalkyl groups at the R2 position optimized antagonistic activity. In the EtBr uptake assay in hP2X7-expressing HEK293 cells, the optimized antagonists, 51 and 52, had IC50 values of 4.9 and 13 nM, respectively. The antagonistic effects of 51 and 52 were paralleled by their ability to inhibit the release of the pro-inflammatory cytokine, IL-1β, by LPS/IFN-γ/BzATP stimulation of THP-1 cells (IC50 = 1.3 and 9.2 nM, respectively). In addition, 52 strongly inhibited iNOS/COX-2 expression and NO production in THP-1 cells, further indicating that this compound blocks inflammatory signaling and suggesting that the dichloropyridine analogues may be useful in developing P2X7 receptor targeted anti-inflammatory agents.