15400-53-0Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Critical modification to bulk scale synthesis of 2-amino-5-carboethoxy-4-hydroxypyrimidine
Chandrappa,Kumar, Girish,Pullela, Phani Kumar
, p. 2119 - 2122 (2017)
Pyrimidines and pyridines are choice for modern day medicinal chemistry. Pyrimidine synthons are synthesized form guanidine and different substituted malonates. One of such pyrimidine ring synthon is 2-amino-5-carboethoxy-4-hydroxy pyrimidine. The commercially deployed synthesis involved a mixture of KOH and guanidine carbonate and gradual temperature controlled addition of diethylethoxy methylene melonate giving a yellow precipitate. The precipitate is cooled to around 5 °C and recrystallized from ethanol-water mixture. Though purity is never an issue in this popular process, yields are very low (70-75 %). The GC analysis of reaction mixture indicated that almost starting material was left unreacted and the first yellow precipitate formation is the rate determining step. We report silica functionalized magnetic particles as material support for synthesis of 2-amino-5carboethoxy-4-hydroxy pyrimidine. The cyclization reaction yields are reported to be enhanced due to presence of “near-homogeneous” nanomaterial catalyst. The prominent catalyst of interest to us is Fe3O4@SiO2 of 40 nm size. The particles are produced by modified Stober process giving consistent yields and coating of SiO2. The structural characterization is performed with SEM, TEM, IR and the data are consistent across multiple batches. The use of 40 nm size Fe3O4@SiO2 enabled higher yields of cyclization step in synthesis of 2-amino-5-carboethoxy-4-hydroxy pyrimidine. The mechanism of catalysis is stabilization of hetero atoms on the acidic silica surface and hence formation of pyrimidine. The study with different sized nanoparticles has indicated 40 nm size seems to be optimum and ability of catalysis is reduced as the size of nanoparticles has increased. The reaction performed at different batch sizes has indicated that 5 % (w/v) catalyst is optimal in the reaction. This process modification has far reaching applications in medicinal chemistry and bulk drug synthesis.
2-(2-substituted-4-hydroxypyrimidinyl-5-carboxamido)acetic acid compound, and preparation method and application thereof
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Paragraph 0026, (2020/08/30)
The invention discloses a 2-(2-substituted-4-hydroxypyrimidinyl-5-carboxamido)acetic acid compound with a structure shown as a formula I and a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. The invention also discloses a preparation method of the compound. The invention further discloses pharmaceutical compositions taking the compound shown as the formula I or the pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof as an active ingredient, and application of the pharmaceutical compositions as a PHD inhibitor in treatment of anemia caused by erythropoietin decrease or deficiency, especially in treatment of renal anemia.
Synthesis and evaluation of homo-bivalent GnRHR ligands
Bonger, Kimberly M.,van den Berg, Richard J.B.H.N.,Heitman, Laura H.,IJzerman, Ad P.,Oosterom, Julia,Timmers, Cornelis M.,Overkleeft, Herman S.,van der Marel, Gijsbert A.
, p. 4841 - 4856 (2008/03/12)
G protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) are important drug targets in pharmaceutical research. Traditionally, most research efforts have been devoted towards the design of small molecule agonists and antagonists. An interesting, yet poorly investigated class of GPCR modulators comprise the bivalent ligands, in which two receptor pharmacophores are incorporated. Here, we set out to develop a general strategy for the synthesis of bivalent compounds that are projected to bind to the human gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor (GnRHR). Our results on the dimerisation of a known GnRHR antagonist, with as key step the Huisgen 1,3-cycloaddition, and their ability to bind to and antagonize GnRH-induced GnRHR stimulation, are presented here.
Nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds, their production and use
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, (2008/06/13)
A compound of the formula: wherein one of A and D is N and the other is C, or both are N; B is N or C; m is 0-3; R1, R2 and R3 each is (i) H or (ii) a group bound via C, N, O or S; R4 is a group bound via C; R5 is H or a group bound via C or O; R6 is H or a group bound via C; R7 is a homo- or hetero-cyclic group which may be substituted; or a salt thereof possesses excellent gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonizing activity, and is useful as a prophylactic or therapeutic agent for sex hormone-dependent diseases, and so forth.
